2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 5 Cloning Section Ⅲ Grammar

Module5CloningSectionⅢGrammar——虚拟语气(Ⅰ)语境自主领悟先观察原句1.Ifyouwereheadofthegovernment,wouldyouallowcloning？2.Ifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn'thavebeensowonderful.3.Ifitweretorain/shouldrain/rained,thecropswouldbesaved.4.HadIworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.5.Wereshemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.6.ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldcallonher.7.Iftheyhadstartedearlyyesterdaymorning,theywouldbeherenow.8.Ifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparations,weshouldn'tdaretodotheexperimentnextweek.9.Butforyourhelp,wecouldn'thavesucceeded.10.Shewasn'tfeelingwell.Otherwiseshewouldn'thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.语境自主领悟后自主感悟1.句为if引导的非真实条件句的三种基本形式。2.句为省略if的虚拟条件句。3.句中，主句与从句动作所发生的时间不一致，称之为“错综时间条件句”。4.9－10句中，假设的条件不用if条件从句表示，而是通过介词短语或副词等表达出来，这类句子叫“含蓄条件句”。1－34－67－8butforotherwise语法精要点拨一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法虚拟情况从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反一般过去时(be用were)would/should/could/might＋动词原形与过去事实相反过去完成时would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词与将来事实相反一般过去时(be用were)should＋动词原形wereto＋动词原形would/should/could/might＋动词原形Ifmybrotherwerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.要是我哥哥在这儿，一切就都没问题了。(与现在事实相反)IfIhadenoughmoney,Iwouldtakethebeautifuldressformydaughter.如果我的钱够的话，我就会为女儿买下这件漂亮的礼服。(与现在事实相反)Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthetrain.如果你早点起床，你就会赶上火车了。(与过去事实相反)Ifitshouldrain/weretorain/rainedtomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthesportsmeeting.如果明天下雨的话，我们就得推迟运动会。(与将来事实相反)[即时训练1]用括号内动词的适当形式填空①IfIhadenoughmoneynow,I(buy)acar.②Ifwe(drive)inturn,youwouldn'thavegotsotired.③Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,we(take)photos.wouldbuyhaddrivenwouldtake二、虚拟条件句的三种特殊形式1．省略if的虚拟语气虚拟条件句中若含有were,had或should，可以把if省略，把were,had或should提到句首，构成部分倒装。WereitSundaytomorrow,weshouldgototheGreatWall.要是明天是星期日，我们就能去长城了。HadItakenmyfather'ssuggestion,Iwouldhavedoneitbetter.如果我听从了父亲的建议，我会做得更好。[名师点津]若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。例如：Wereitnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.(正)Weren'titfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.(误)[即时训练2]句型转换①IfIwerenotsocareless,Iwouldnothavelostmywatchyesterday.→socareless,Iwouldnothavelostmywatchyesterday.②IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.→yourtelephonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.WereInotHadIknown③Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theworkwouldbepostponedforsomedays.→tomorrow,theworkwouldbepostponedforsomedays.Shoulditrain2．错综时间条件句虚拟语气中，条件从句中谓语可以和主句中的谓语发生时间不一致，这时从句和主句要根据各自所发生的时间选用符合具体时间的虚拟语气形式。Ifyouhadpreparedinadvance,youwouldn'tbeinsuchanawkwardpositionnow.如果你事先作好准备，现在就不至于那么被动。(从句表示过去，主句表示现在)IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日宴会了。(从句表示现在，主句表示过去)[即时训练3]用括号内动词的适当形式填空①Ifyou(listen)tomeyesterday,youwouldn'tbeinsuchtroublenow.②IfI(be)you，Iwouldhaveplantedsometreesaroundthehouse.③Ifyou(notwatch)TVyesterday,you(notbe)sosleepynow.hadlistenedwerehadn'twatchedwouldn'tbe3．含蓄虚拟条件句有时假设的情况不是以if条件从句表示，而是通过其他形式表现出来，这时被称作含蓄虚拟条件句，其主要用法如下：(1)用butfor,without等介词(短语)表示条件。Butfortherainweshouldhavehadapleasantjourney.要不是下雨，我们会有一次愉快的旅行。(2)用连词otherwise,or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。Therewasatrafficjamontheway,otherwiseIwouldhavearrivedanhourago.路上堵车，要不然我一小时前就到了．(3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来，but前面为虚拟语气，后面为真实情况。Ishouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.我本该多帮帮你，但我太忙了。[即时训练4]用括号内动词的适当形式填空①Withoutwarintheworld,people(live)ahappierlife.②Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,I(take)partinthesportsmeeting.③Ifyou(turn)upearlier，Iwouldn'thavegonehomeonfoot.wouldlivewouldhavetakenhadturned语法应用落实Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．IfI(live)nearmyworkplace,Iwouldwalktoworkeveryday.2．Ifyou(attend)themeetingyesterday,youwouldhavemether.3．itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittothepark.4．Ifhe(listen)tomethen,hewouldn'tbeintroublenow.livedhadattendedShouldhadlistened5．yourhelpfuladvice,Iwouldn'thavefinishedthetaskontime.6．IfIwereyou,Iwould(help)themanyesterday.7．I(go)tomycousin'sbirthdaypartylastnight,butIwasnotavailable.8．Myparentsmethemoney.Otherwise，Icouldn'thaveaffordedthetrip.Withouthavehelpedwouldhavegonelent9．Ifthere(be)noairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.10．Butfortherain,Iwould(have)apleasantjourneytheotherday.werehavehadⅡ.单句改错1．Thesoupisn'tverygood.Itwilltastebetterifitweren'tsosalty.2．Ifhereadthebook,hecouldhaveansweredthequestion.3．Ifheweresetouttomorrow,hewouldgetthereonSunday.4．Withoutyourhelp,thechildwouldn'tputupthepictureonthewalljustnow.will→wouldread前加hadwere后加towouldn't后加have5．IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhavegonetothepartywithyou,butIamverybusy.6．Ifhehadstayedhere,wecouldaskhimforadviceonhowtosolvetheproblem.7．Ifheweretocomeheretomorrow,Iwilltalktohimfacetoface.8．Hasheknownheraddressatthattime,hewouldhavegonetovisither.am→was去掉hadwill→wouldHas→Had9．Ifwestartedabitearlier,wewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.10．Ifhewouldfailtocomeherebeforethree,wewouldstartouttoclimbthemountainwithouthim.started前加had第一个would→should