您好,欢迎访问三七文档
Module4WhichEnglish?SectionⅣGrammar&Writing第一板块单元语法复习状语和状语从句1.(教材P44)_______youreceiveaphonecallfromafriend,howlongdoesittakeyoutoknowwhoitis?2.(教材P44)Thequalityofsomeone'svoiceandtheirchoiceofwordsmakeaperson_________(instant)recognisable,even________youcan'tseehimorher.3.(教材P44)Inthissenseeverybody'suseoflanguage—________English,Chinese,oranyother—isdifferent.Wheninstantlythoughwhether4.(教材P44)YoucouldsaythatthereareasmanyvarietiesofEnglish,oranyotherlanguageforthatmatter,____therearespeakersofit.5.(教材P44)__________mostpeoplebelievethereisarightandawrongwaytospeakEnglish,thereisnotreallyastandardformthateveryonecanagreeon.asAlthough6.(教材P44)Professorsoflinguistics,writersandteachersallworryaboutprovidingaperfectmodeltofollowbut___itissowidelyspoken,ithasbecomeimpossibletosaywhichEnglishis“correct”andwhichis“incorrect”.7.(教材P45)Acustomercameuptotheauthor________(hold)acopyofthebookandsaidEmmaChissit.asholding一、状语修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词(短语)、介词短语、分词(短语)、不定式和从句等。表示时间、地点、程度、方式、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、伴随等意义。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。◆Fortunately,Natalie'sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity'sbridgesclosed.幸运的是,娜塔利的家人在这个城市的桥关闭前不久就逃到了布鲁克林。◆Theygavemoneytotheoldpeople'shomeeitherpersonallyorthroughtheircompanies.他们以个人的名义或者以公司的名义向养老院捐款。◆Thehousewastooexpensiveandtoobig.Besides,I'dgrownfondofourlittlerentedhouse.这个房子太贵、太大了,而且,我已经越来越喜欢我们租的这间小屋了。◆Studentsbraveenoughtotakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.足够勇敢参加这次冒险课的学生肯定会学到很多有用的技能。◆Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistakes.尽管被告知了多次,他仍然犯同样的错误。◆Encouragedbytheteacher,IdecidedtolearnEnglishwell.在老师的鼓励下,我决定把英语学好。[温馨提示]形容词作状语表示伴随或结果,并不表示动作的方式。◆Tiredandhot,wehadtostoptohavearest.又累又热,我们只好停下来休息。二、状语从句在复合句中作状语成分的从句称为状语从句。状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、让步、目的、结果、比较状语从句等。1.时间状语从句(1)when,while,as引导的时间状语从句when从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生while从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生as从句谓语一般为延续性动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行,可译为“一边……,一边……;随着……”◆Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.当一些人被成功的渴望所驱动的时候,而另一些人却被失败的恐惧而驱动着。◆Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.随着人口平均年龄的增长,有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。(2)until与till引导的时间状语从句until/till用于肯定句表示“直到……为止”,其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词;not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”,not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首,而till不能。◆Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.如果你遇到不懂的东西,可以调查、研究以及和其他人讨论,直到你把它弄明白。◆Shedidn'tstartthelessonuntilthepupilssettleddown.等学生们安静下来后,她才开始上课。[温馨提示]如果将“notuntil...”结构放在句首,那么主句要部分倒装。(3)before与since的用法①before意为“在……之前,还未……就……,还没来得及……就……”。常用句式:Itwillbe+一段时间+before...还要……才……;Itwillnotbe+一段时间+before...没过……就……;Itwasnotlongbefore...不久就……;Itwas+一段时间+before...过了……才……。◆Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblembeforewecansolveit.在我们解决问题之前,我们需要找到问题的根源。◆Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyearsbeforeyougetanotherone.如果你错过了这次机会,可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。②since意为“自从……以来”。常用句式:Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since...(从句用一般过去时);Itwas+一段时间+since...(从句用过去完成时)。◆Asisreported,itisover100yearssinceQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.正如所报道的,清华大学自建立以来已有一百多年了。[温馨提示]since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词,所表示的是自从句谓语动作算起;若用延续性动词或状态动词,所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。(4)表示“一……就……”的引导词引导的时间状语从句assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,theinstant,themoment,theminute,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...等引导词用来引导时间状语从句。◆Themomentmyauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork,shewasfilledwithjoy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭,那一刻她欣喜万分。[温馨提示]nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...中主句应用过去完成时,从句应用一般过去时。当nosooner...和hardly/scarcely...位于句首时,主句要部分倒装。◆Ihadhardlygottotheofficewhenmywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.我刚到办公室,妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。(5)名词词组引导时间状语从句thefirsttime(第一次),thelasttime(最后一次),bythetime(到……的时候为止),every/eachtime(每当/每次),(the)nexttime(下次)等名词词组用来引导时间状语从句。◆Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmealwillgetcold.等你看完这本书,你的饭就凉了。[温馨提示]bythetime引导的时间状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来,此时主句应使用将来完成时;当从句中用一般过去时时,主句应使用过去完成时。2.让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词:though/although,evenif/eventhough(即使),nomatterhow/what/when...,however/whatever/whenever...,as,while(尽管),whether...or...(不管……,无论……)等。◆Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效,但目前它们是至关重要的。[温馨提示](1)“nomatter+疑问词”和“疑问词+ever”都可表示“无论……”,并且它们都可以引导让步状语从句,其中whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever还可引导名词性从句。(2)though,although引导让步状语从句时不与but连用,但可与still和yet连用。(3)as引导让步状语从句时,从句必须要倒装,though引导的让步状语从句可倒装可不倒装。◆Fastas/thoughyouread,youcan'tfinishthebookintwodays.尽管你读得很快,你也不可能两天内读完这本书。3.其他状语从句状语从句连词条件状语从句if,unless(=if...not),so/aslongas(只要),onconditionthat,incase(万一),suppose/supposing,provided/providing原因状语从句because,as,since,nowthat,consideringthat(考虑到,鉴于)目的状语从句sothat,inorderthat,incase(以防)结果状语从句sothat,so...that...,such...that...地点状语从句where,wherever方式状语从句as(正如,正像),asif/asthough(好像)比较状语从句than,as...as...,notas/so...as...◆Unlessyoucansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.除非你睡得好,否则一两个晚上之后,你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。◆Youwon'tfindpapercuttingdifficultaslongasyoukeeppracticingit.只要你不断练习,你不会觉得剪纸很难。◆Justasasinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemean
本文标题:2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 4 Which English Section Ⅳ G
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-8276226 .html