2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 1 Small Talk Section Ⅰ Intr

Module1SmallTalk[话题导读],在大多数讲英语的国家，“闲聊”在某些场合是正常且必要的。那么，人们会在哪些地方“闲聊”？为什么要“闲聊”？本文将为你揭晓答案，一起来看吧。InmostEnglish­speakingcountries,itisnormalandnecessarytomake“smalltalk”incertainsituations.Smalltalkisacasualformofconversationthat“breakstheice”orfillsanawkwardsilencebetweenpeople.Eventhoughyoumayfeelshyusingyoursecondlanguage,itissometimesconsideredrudetosaynothing.Wheredopeoplemakesmalltalk?Peoplemakesmalltalkjustaboutanywhere,buttherearecertainplaceswhereitisverycommon.Mostoften,smalltalkoccursinplaceswherepeoplearewaitingforsomething.Forexample,youmightchatwithanotherpersonwhoiswaitingforthebustoarrive.Peoplealsomakesmalltalkinadoctor'sordentist'swaitingroom,orinqueueatthegrocerystore.Attheoffice,peoplemakesmalltalkinelevatorsorlunchroomsandeveninrestrooms,especiallyifthereisaline­up.Somesocialevents(suchasaparty)requiresmalltalkamongguestswhodonotknoweachotherverywell.Itiscalled“mingling”whenpeoplewalkaroundinasocialsettingandtalktoavarietyofpeople.Whydopeoplemakesmalltalk?Thereareafewdifferentreasonswhypeopleusesmalltalk.Thefirst,andmostobvious,istobreakanuncomfortablesilence.Anotherreason,however,issimplytofilltime.Thatiswhyitissocommontomakesmalltalkwhenyouarewaitingforsomething.Somepeoplemakesmalltalkinordertobepolite.Youmaynotfeellikechattingwithanyoneataparty,butitisrudetojustsitinacornerbyyourself.Aftersomeoneintroducesyoutoothers,youdonotknowanythingaboutthem,soinordertoshowapoliteinterestingettingtoknowthembetter,youhavetostartwithsomesmalltalk.SectionⅠIntroduction&VocabularyandReading—Comprehending练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]HowGoodAreYourSocialSkills？Haveyouevercrossedtheroadtoavoidtalking①tosomeoneyourecognise?Wouldyoulovetogotoapartyandtalkconfidently②toeveryguest?Doyouwanttomakemorefriends③butlack④theconfidencetotalktopeopleyoudon'tknow⑤？Andareyounervousabout⑥theideaofbeingatasocialeventinanothercountry？Don'tworry—wecanhelpyou！Youneedn't⑦worryaboutsituations⑧liketheseifyouhavegoodsocialskills.Andtheyareeasytolearn⑨.Peoplewithgoodsocialskillscommunicatewellandknowhowtohaveaconversation⑩.Ithelpsifyoudoalittleadvance⑪planning⑫.Hereareafewideastohelpyou.►LearnhowtodosmalltalkSmalltalkisveryimportantandpreparesyouformoreseriousconversations⑬.Beprepared!Havesomelow­risk⑭conversationopenersready.Forexample：·thinkof⑮arecentnewsstory—nottooserious，e.g.astoryaboutafilmstarorsportsstar·thinkofthingstotellpeopleaboutyourstudies·thinkof“safe”thingsyoucanaskpeople'sopinionsabout⑯—music，sport，films，etc.·thinkoftopicsthatyouwouldavoidifyouweretalkingtostrangers⑰—andavoidtalkingaboutthem！Thatway⑱，youdon'tdamageyourconfidence！►Develop⑲yourlisteningskillsListeningisaskillwhichmostpeoplelack，butcommunicationisatwo­way⑳process○21—itinvolves○22speakingANDlistening.Alwaysremember—youwon'timpress○23peopleifyoutalktoomuch.Herearesomeideastomakeyouabetterlistener：Do...·showthatyouarelisteningbyusingencouraging○24noisesandgestures—smiling,nodding○25，saying“uh­huh”and“OK”，etc.·keepgoodeyecontact○26·usepositivebodylanguage○27·askfor○28moreinformationtoshowyourinterestDon't...·lookatyourwatch·yawn○29·sigh○30·lookawayfrom○31thepersonwho'stalkingtoyou·changethesubject○32·finishotherpeople'ssentencesforthemAlwaysrememberthewordsofBenjaminDisraeli,BritishPrimeMinister○33inthe19thcentury：“Talktoamanabouthimself，andhewillspeaktoyouforhours！”►LearntherulesIfyougotoasocialoccasioninanothercountry，rememberthatsocialrules○34canbedifferent.Insomecountries,forexample○35，youhavetoarriveontimeataparty;inothercountries，youdon'tneedto○36.Inaddition○37，youneedtoknowhowlongyoushouldstay，andwhenyouhavetoleave.Somehostsexpectflowersorasmallgift，butinotherplaces，youcantakethings，butyouneedn'tifyoudon'twantto○38.Rememberalsothatinsomecountries,youmustn'ttakeflowersofacertain○39colour,becausethey'reunlucky.Inmostplaces,youdon'thavetotakeagifttoaparty—butfindout○40first！[再记住]①avoiddoingsth.避免做某事②confidently['kɒnfΙdəntli]adv.自信地③makefriends交朋友；建立友谊④lack[læk]v.缺乏，缺少⑤youdon'tknow为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词people。⑥(be)nervousabout对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安⑦needn't没有必要；不必⑧situationn.情景；情形⑨beeasytodo易于做⑩haveaconversation交谈⑪advance[əd'vɑːns]adj.预先的，在前的⑫doplanning做计划，做准备⑬preparesb.forsth.使某人对某事有所准备⑭low­riskadj.低风险的；不太会出错的⑮thinkof想起；回忆起⑯youcanaskpeople'sopinionsabout为定语从句，修饰things。引导词that或which在从句中作about的宾语，在此被省略。⑰thatyouwouldavoid...为定语从句，修饰先行词topics；if从句中be动词用了were，这是虚拟语气的用法。⑱thatway作方式状语，其前面省略了介词in。⑲developvt.提高；使……发展；培养；培育；开采；冲洗⑳two­wayadj.双向的○21processn.过程○22involvev．涉及；牵连，常用involvedoingsth.表示“涉及做某事”○23impressv.给……留下印象impresssth.onsb.使某人了解某事impresssb.withsth.某事给某人留下印象○24encouragingadj.令人鼓舞的；激励的encouragementn.鼓舞；鼓励；支持encouragesb.todosth.鼓励/激励某人做某事○25nod[nɒd]v.点头○26contactn．&v.联系；接触keepincontactwith与……保持联系○27bodylanguage身体语言；肢体语言○28askfor要求；询问asksb.forsth.向某人要某物○29yawn[jɔːn]v.打呵欠○30sigh[saΙ]v.叹气；叹息○31lookawayfrom把目光从……移开○32subjectn.话题；主题○33PrimeMinister首相○34socialrules社交规则○35forexample表示举例说明，可以位于句首、句中或句末。○36youdon'tneedto后省略了arriveontime，动词不定式符号to不可省略。○37inaddition除此之外，另外，若带宾语，须接介词to。○38ifyoudon'twantto后省略了takethings。○39acertain＋单数名词，表示“某一种(个)……”○40findout了解(到)；找出(信息)[再翻译]你的社交技能有多