（新课标）2020高考英语二轮总复习 第三讲 阅读理解 3.1 细节理解（一）事实认定课件

第三讲阅读理解第一节细节理解(一)事实认定高考整体感知母题探究栏目导航题组集训限时训练·近3年考情分析文体题型记叙文议论文说明文应用文细节理解推理判断主旨大意词义猜测201911117521201810216621201710218511命题趋势①高考阅读理解所选体裁呈现多样化；细节理解题与推理判断题在高考阅读理解中占了很大的比重。②高考阅读所选文章蕴含大量信息，要求考生有较高的阅读速度和准确把握关键信息的能力。③其中难度较大的是主旨大意题与词义猜测题，这需要考生在平常的训练过程中注意对文章中心大意的归纳和理解，以及学会通过上下文猜测词汇的意义。(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)NeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合条件)forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15—18yearsoldinselectcommunities(社区)．SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands­onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15—29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities(机会)ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.21．WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A．Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B．Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C．Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D．Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.答案：B21．细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词SummerCompany可以直接定位到文章中该部分，即第二种暑期工作，全文只有SummerCompany的介绍里面提到了“…awardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.”可知SummerCompany的special(特殊之处)在于B项。22．WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15—18.B.15—24.C.15—29.D.16—17.22．细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词StewardshipYouthRangerProgram可以定位到文章该部分，由“Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.”可知，该项工作的年龄要求是：16岁或者17岁，及在今年12月31日之前不能达到18岁。故D项符合题意。答案：D23．Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth.B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.答案：D23．细节理解题。由题干中的关键词thedisabled(残疾人)可定位到SummerEmploymentOpportunities部分，再由本部分最后一句中的“orupto29forpersonswithadisability”可知选D项。两者属于典型的同义词替换。[语篇解读]本文是应用文。通过介绍学生在暑期可以兼职的四个项目，叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生找到暑期工作。以青少年的视角来看待假期生活。[长难句分析]Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合条件)forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.(第三段第一句)句意：如果你是一个生活在这个省某个地方的青少年，你就符合这个项目的条件。该项目提供为期八周的带薪培训和工作。[分析]本句是一个主从复合句。句首If引导的是条件状语从句，living…province是现在分词短语作名词teenager的定语。which对先行词program进行补充说明，引导非限制性定语从句。事实认定类题目的做题方法1.常见设问形式①Accordingtotheauthor,who/what/when/where/which/why/how…？②WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE/NOTtrue?③Thestatementmadebytheauthorisbasedontheevidence/example/factthat…④WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthetext?⑤TheauthorstatesallofthefollowingEXCEPT…⑥Allofthefollowingstatementsaretrue/falseEXCEPT…2.易错提醒在找定位词的时候，请同学们注意：文章中反复出现的专有名词是全文描述对象的中心，没有唯一出处，所以不能算是定位词。我们如果发现大部分题干中都有这个专有名词的，就应该排除它作为定位词的可能。考生在解题时要注意定位词的转换形式，如同义词、近义词和词性或句式的改变。如23题：由题干中的关键词thedisabled(残疾人)与最后一项工作中personswithadisability，两者属于典型的同义词替换。A(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅲ)OPENINGSANDPREVIEWSAnimalsOutofPaperYolo！ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph，inwhichanorigami(折纸术)artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.12.(WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165W．86thSt.212­868­4444.)TheAudienceHelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan，aboutQueenElizabethIIoftheUKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.PreviewsbeginFeb.14.(Schoenfeld,236W．45thSt.212­239­6200.)HamiltonLin­ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton，inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.17.(Public,425LafayetteSt.212­967­7555.)OntheTwentiethCenturyKristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen，aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar'sloveduringacross­countrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects，forRoundaboutTheatreCompany.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.(AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227W．42ndSt.212­719­1300.)1．WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?A.Atypeofart.B.Ateenager'sstudio.C.Agreatteacher.D.Agroupofanimals.[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四出戏剧或歌剧的开幕时间以及相关内容。1．A解析：细节理解题。根据话剧AnimalsOutofPaper及该部分中的“inwhichanorigami(折纸术)artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.”可知，RajivJoseph创作的话剧是关于折纸艺术的，故选A。2.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?A.HelenMirren.B.PeterMorgan.C.DylanBaker.D.StephenDaldry.2．D解析：细节理解题。根据话剧TheAudience中的“StephenDaldrydirects.”可知，本剧是StephenDaldry导演的。故选D。3．WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?A.AnimalsOutofPaper.B.TheAudience.C.Hamilton.D.Onth