西方同中国在非洲利益冲突与中国的应对策略

33,,;,,,,,,(100007)32000,,;,,,,,,,3:(1);(2);(3),,,,;,,;,;,,,;,53200912252009,::,,20094,,,,,,,,,,2090,,,,,,90,21,,,,,:(1)2001,,;(2)2000;(3),,,,,2006,(),;,,,,,,,;,;,,,,,,,;,,620107SeeOECD,DevelopmentCo-OperationReport2009,ISBN978-92-64-05504-9-20091:12,23,20102,:(),,:,,;,,;,;,;,,,,,,;,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,--------,,,,,,,,,3,,,,,,(),,:,,720091060:;,,,,,;,,21,,;,:,,;;,2006,,(),,,,,;,,,2007,,,,,;,;,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,(),,,;,,,;,,,,;20052007,,:820107(2008):,10,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,;,:,,,,,(),,,,,:(1),;,,,;(2),,,,,,;(3),,;(4),,;(5),,;(6),,,,,,9:,:,,2008,71,,(),,(1),,,,,(2),2002,,,(3),,,(),(4),,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,:,,;,,,;,,,,,,(),,:(1),,0120107,,,,(2),,,;,,(3),,,,,:(1),;,,(2),:,,;,,(3),,;(),,(4),;,,,,,,,,,(::),(),,:(1),,;(2);(3);(4),,:(1);(2)(),,;(3),;(4);(5),;(6)11InterestConflictbetweentheWestandChinainAfricaandChinasStrategytoDealwithZhangHongmingpp15-11TheChinesefactorisoneofthemainfactorsthatmaketheWestAfricanpolicytoturnfromneglectingAfricatothinkingstrategicallyhighlyofAfrica.AdjustmentoftheWesternAfricanstrategyandpolicyhasbeenmakingChinafaceseriousinternationalcompetitionandcomplicatedinterna2tionalenvironmentinitscooperationwithAfrica.ThefocusoftheChina-Westinterestconflictismainlyonstrategiccompetition,economicinterestandvalues.TheWestisnotonlyputtingmoreinAfricabutrebukingChina-Africarelationandunderminingitsdevelopment.TheWestisnowsettingrulesonChinaseconomicactivitiesinAfri2cabyengagingChinaincooperationanddialogueswiththemsothatChinacouldbebroughtintotheinternationalsystemorientedbytheWest.WhileChinaneedstodealwithitsdivergencewiththeWestandtogiveitsrationalresponses,itneedsalsotofurtherimproveitscooperationmechanismwithandpolicytowardsAfrica,andproperlydealwithitsinterestrelationshipwithAfrica.ChinasAidtoAfrica:DevelopmentFeature,FunctionsandChallengesHeWenpingpp112-19ChinasaidtoAfrica,startedfrom1956,isoneoftheimportantcontentsofChina-Africarelations.Fromtheperspectiveofpolicydynamics,ChinasaidtoAfricawithinhalfacenturycanbedividedintotwophasesby1978whenChinastarteditsreformandopening-uppolicy.Theformerphaseisbasicallytostrengthenthedynamicsofdiplomaticandpoliticalrelationsandthelatteristoseekforthemutualeconomiccooperationandshareddevelopment.ComparedwiththeWesternaidtoAfrica,ChinasaidtoAfricaischaracteristicofnostringsattachedandnon-interference,payingmoreattentiontobilateralaidinsteadofthemulti-lateral,focusingonthehardwareprojectsofespeciallytheinfrastructuresratherthansoftwareprojectslikeresearchesandcapacitybuilding.Uptonow,ChinasaidtoAfricahasplayedimportantrolesinpromotingChina-Africarelationsthoughtherearealsochallengesinfuture.AssessingtheUnitedStatesAidPolicytowardsAfricaXuLiangpp120-25TheU1S1AfricanpolicyadjustedaccordinglyastheColdWarended.FromClintontoObama,theU1S1policyisinheritedandchanged.TheU1S1aidmechanismhasexperiencedthreemajorreformsanddevelopednowastableandefficientaidsystembasedonitsforeignaidactandconductedbytheinstitutionsofUSAIDandMillenniumChallengeAccount.Overallandhistorically,theU1S1aidtoAfricacouldhavepositiveexperiencesandlessons.ItispositivethattheU1S1aidtoAfricahasitsad2vantagesinsize,coordinationmanagement,privatedonationsandinformationplatformbuilding.Howev2er,itsdisadvantagesarealsothereasnospeciallystressedsectors,muchmorefocusedonpoliticalconditions,lessdevelopmentassistantproportionandweakpromises,whichareunderminingtheU1S1aideffectivenessinAfrica.97EnglishAbstracts