（德州专版）2018中考英语总复习 第三部分 题型研析 高分保障 题型五 阅读表达课件

第三部分题型研析高分保障题型5阅读表达年份20172016201520142013文体说明文说明文说明文说明文说明文话题摩拜单车介绍关于野营的五条建议如何做一个节俭的人好的睡眠有益于身体健康如何使生活高效词数196193260313237分析从近五年中考试题可以看出，阅读表达以一篇的形式出现，5个任务，价值10分。多以英译汉、汉译英、选择填空、回答问题和拟定标题等形式进行考查。阅读表达考查学生通过阅读获取信息和处理信息的能力以及写作中对基本语法的运用能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面的有机结合。阅读表达作为每年的必考题型，话题涉及面较广，主要涉及介绍类、个人经历、咨询建议类等。考生做此类题目时一定要注意人称、时态、地点、关键词、同(近)义句、通篇主题等，明确所要完成的任务。解题技法指导阅读指导解答阅读表达题，阅读是基础，表达是关键。要想做好此类题，可以从以下几方面进行训练。1．诵读全文，感知任务答题前，认真阅读文章，掌握文章提供的信息内容，同时要明确文章的中心思想，为答题做准备。2．紧扣原文，搜集信息诵读全文后，再浏览问题，从原文中找出能回答问题的关键信息。3．全面兼顾，准确作答除了注意书写规范以外，还要确保表达的准确性，要注意时态、语态和人称、单复数、词性、主谓搭配等的变化。4．认真检查，验证答案完成任务后要把答案带入原文，检查所写的答案是否符合要求，发现问题及时解决。例题精析[2017·德州中考]NowadaysbikesharinghasbeenverypopularinChina.Mobike(摩拜单车)isoneofthemarketleadersinthebikesharingbusiness.WhatisMobike?MobikewasfoundedinJanuary，2015.ItissupportedbyTencent(腾讯)．Peopleinmanycities，suchasBeijing，Guangzhou，JinanaswellasShanghai，haveachanceofusingtheapp(软件)．ThetotalnumberofMobikeappusersislargerthanthatofanyotherbikesharingappusers.WhousesMobike?Accordingtoasurvey，53.23%oftheMobikeusersaremen，while46.77%arewomen.73.Mobikeisnotonlypopularwithyoungpeople，butalsowinstheheartsoftheold.Itshowsthatretiredmentraveledthelongestdistances(距离)bysharedbikes.WhydopeopleuseMobike?ChinesepeopleuseMobikefordifferentreasons.Userscanrent(租借)abikeatalowprice，usuallyaboutoneyuananhour.Italsoofferspeopleabetterchoiceforshortjourneysincities，especiallywhenpeoplecan’tfindabusortheundergroundtotake.What’smore，it’shelpfulintraffic.Andthemostimportantisthatitcanhelpimprovetheenvironment.1．WhenwasMobikefounded?_____________________________________________________2．Trueorfalse.(“T”代表正确，“F”代表错误)Accordingtothepassage，Mobikeapphasthelargestnumberofusersamongallthebikesharingapps.()3．TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese._____________________________________________________4．WhydoChinesepeopleuseMobike？(Atleast2reasons.)_____________________________________________________5．Giveapropertitle(题目)tothepassage._____________________________________________________【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了摩拜单车的使用，包括使用方法、使用人群及使用共享单车的原因。1．(Mobike/Itwasfounded)inJanuary，2015.2．T/True.3．摩拜单车不仅受年轻人的欢迎，而且也受到老年人的青睐。4．(1)Userscanrentabikeatalowprice.(2)Mobike/Itofferspeopleabetterchoiceforshortjourneysincities.(3)Mobike/Itishelpfulintraffic.(4)Mobike/Itcanhelpimprovetheenvironment.(回答其中任意两条，即可得分)5．Mobike(inChina)．技法点拨1．回答问题类在答题前，首先应该快速浏览所提问题，然后带着问题有的放矢地去阅读文章，获取与问题有关的信息。对那些在文章中找不到答案的问题，必须再诵读全文，对获得的信息进行整理，通篇考虑，才能写出答案。答完之后要认真检查，确保答案在语法、拼写及标点符号等方面准确无误。2．英汉互译类翻译句子题要么考查某个句型或结构搭配，要么考查某条语法规则的具体运用。在做题时注意：①要根据上下文翻译，切忌断章取义；②翻译时要与语言习惯相联系，不要逐字死译；③注意文化差异；④注意习语、谚语。3．选择类选择类题目主要包括选择最佳段意或选择句子将文章补充完整。此类题目主要考查考生对文章的整体或段落的理解能力。做此类题目时，考生要找到该句的位置，然后根据语境、上下文意思等做出判断，选择正确的选项。4．标题归纳类此类题型用以考查考生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。要从整体上理解文章的结构、逻辑关系、问题指向等，把握作者的写作意图，综合归纳以提炼出文章的主旨，归纳总结出最符合文章主题的标题。即时运用Passage1[2016·德州中考]文体说明文话题野营词数193Nowadays，campinghasbeenpopularamongyoungpeople.It’sagreatwaytobeoutsideandenjoythenature.Whetheryouprefertobeinthewoods，mountains，orbytheriver，youaresuretohaveawonderfulexperiencewhenyougocamping.Hereissomeadviceforcamping.Firemaybedangerous，sojustusefireonlywhenyoumust.②Makesuretoputthefireoutwhenyoudon’tuseit．Whenyouaretalking，keepyourvoicedown.Ifyoutalkloudly，youmaydisturb(打扰)otherpeople，andyouwillalsomissthechancetoseewildanimalsoutside.Itisnecessarytoputupyourtent(帐篷)onlyinsafeareas.Ifyouputupyourtentinotherareas，youmaygetintotrouble.Remembertodoitforyoursafety.Don’tforgettotakeyourcamerasothatyouwon’tmissthewonderfulnaturalwonders.Later，you’llunderstandhownice③theyare.Makesureyourcamerahasenoughpower.Peopleoftengetlostintheforest.It’sagoodwaytotakeamapthathelpsyoutogettherightdirection.Now，peopleusuallytakeGPSwiththem.MapsandGPScanhelpyoufindthewayeasily.1．Thewritergivesus___________piecesofadviceforcamping.(填数字)2．TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.______________________________________________________3．Whatdoes“they”inParagraph5referto(指代)?______________________________________________________4．Whichtwothingsareneededtoavoidgettinglostintheforestaccordingtothepassage?______________________________________________________5．Giveapropertitle(题目)tothepassage.______________________________________________________five/5当你不使用火的时候要确保把它熄灭。Thewonderfulnaturalwonders./Thewonders.MapsandGPS.Advice/TipsforcampingPassage2[2015·德州中考]Weneedtoberesponsible(有责任心的)forourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer(节俭的消费者)isonewaytohelp.But，whatexactlydoesthatmean?UseitupYoucanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Pressthatlastbitoftoothpaste(牙膏)out.Usethelastlittlepieceofsoap.Don’tthrowawayanybitsofthebiscuitatthebottomofthebox.文体应用文话题节俭消费者词数226①________Youdonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposethereareholesinyoursocks.Mendthemandwearthemlonger.Youdon’thavetohavethelatesttelephoneuntiltheoldonedoesn’tworkanymore.Thenyoucangetanewone.2.Thinktwicebeforereplacingsomethingthatstillworks.②________Whensomethingyouwantisnotonhand，lookforsomethingelsethatyoualreadyhavetotakeitsplace.Supposeyouarepreparingyourlunchfortomorrowandwantabuttersandwich.However，thereisnotanybutterinyourhome.Haveacheesesandwichi