A3000试验台管道压力和流量接偶控制系统设计

兰州理工大学毕业设计I摘要工业生产过程中的被控对象往往是多输入多输出系统，而且通常情况下被控变量又彼此关联。多变量系统控制就是调整被控过程的多个输入作用而使系统输出达到某些指定的目标。由于多变量控制系统中存在耦合，因此为了获得满意的控制效果，通常要对多变量控制系统实施解耦控制。本设计针对A3000实验台中管道压力和流量的相互作用进行了解耦控制系统的设计。西门子S7-200PLC为控制器，用变频器和电动调节阀分别控制流量和压力，从而实现了解耦控制，并使用了组态开发了监控画面，实现了过程控制。关键词：解耦控制；压力；流量；监控兰州理工大学毕业设计IIAbstractInindustialproductionprocesses,controlledobjectsareoftenmulti-inputandmulti-outputsysteminwhichcontrolledvariablesareassociatedwitheachotherundernormalcircumstances.Multivariablecontrolsystemisasystemthatadjustsmultipleinputsinthecontrolledprocessandmakesthesystemoutputstoreachsomespecifiedtargets.Becauseofthecouplingmultivariablecontrolsystems,inordertoobtainsatisfactorycontroleffect,decouplingcontrolisusuallyimplementedinmultivariablecontrolsystem.ThepaperdesignedadecouplingcontrolsystemfortheinteractionbetweenthepressureandflowinpipelineonA3000.SiemensS7-200PLCasthecontroller,frequencyconverterandelectriccontrolvalvecontroltheflowandpressureseparatelyinordertoachieveadecouplingcontrol,andtheconfigurationdevelopmentofthemonitorscreenisusedtoachievetheprocesscontrol.KeyWords:decouplingcontrol;pressure;flow;monitor兰州理工大学毕业设计III目录第一章绪论...............................................11.1选题背景及A3000实验台介绍...................................11.1.1A3000总体架构...........................................11.1.2测试平台现场系统.........................................21.2解耦的概念...................................................31.3管道压力和流量的解耦控制.....................................51.4设计内容.....................................................61.4.1设计要求.................................................61.4.2设计思想.................................................6第二章系统方案选择........................................82.1常见控制规律的类型...........................................82.2控制方案的比较选择...........................................82.3解耦控制系统数学模型的建立...................................82.3.1机理建模和实验建模的运用...............................82.3.2PID参数的整定方法.....................................102.4控制器的选择...............................................122.4.1PLC的基本结构..........................................122.4.2PLC的特点及应用........................................132.4.3PLC的工作阶段..........................................142.4.4PLC对输入/输出的处理规则..............................152.4.5软PLC的介绍...........................................152.4.6单片机简介.............................................162.4.7控制器的选择...........................................16第三章供配电设计及器件选型.................................183.1主回路部分..................................................18兰州理工大学毕业设计IV3.2控制回路设计................................................193.3PLC选型....................................................203.3.1PLC选型................................................203.3.2I/O扩展模块特点及选型..................................233.3.3EM235工作原理及应用....................................233.4元器件选型..................................................283.4.1增压泵特点及选型........................................283.4.2变频器特点及选型........................................293.4.3电动调节阀特点及选型....................................333.4.4手动调节阀选型..........................................353.4.5熔断器选型..............................................363.4.6断路器选型..............................................363.4.7中间继电器选型..........................................373.4.8转换开关................................................373.4.9按钮....................................................383.4.10涡轮流量变送器特点及选型...............................383.4.11压力变送器特点及选型...................................39第4章PLC软件设计........................................414.1PLC控制系统软件设计步骤...................................414.2STEP7编程软件简介.........................................414.3程序流程图.................................................424.3.1主程序..................................................424.3.2PID初始化..............................................424.3.3解耦控制................................................434.3.4数据转换部分............................................444.3.5中断部分................................................474.4梯形图.....................................................474.4.1地址分配表..............................................47兰州理工大学毕业设计V4.4.2主程序..................................................484.4.3PID初始化程序..........................................494.4.4解耦控制程序............................................504.4.5数据转换程序............................................514.4.6中断程序................................................53第五章组态软件...........................................535.1组态王简介..................................................545.2工程的建立..................................................545.3创建项目....................................................585.3建立趋势曲线画面............................................605.4建立数据库..................................................605.5建立组态动画................................................615.6运行调试中的问题及解决方法..................................62致谢...................................................63参考文献.................................................66附录一外文资料