湖上徐元杰翻译

湖上徐元杰翻译第一部分：未走之路的翻译与欣赏TheRoadNotTaken《未选择的路》罗伯特?弗罗斯特（RobertFrost）生于1874年，卒于1963年，可能要算是20世纪美国最受欢迎和爱戴的一位诗人了。1912年，他弃农从文，从此成为了一名专业诗人。他曾在1961年时受邀在约翰?F?肯尼迪总统的就职典礼上朗诵他的诗歌——《TheGiftOutright》。而本次我为大家推荐的《TheRoadNotTaken》则是他最著名的一首诗歌。Tworoadsdivergedinayellowwood黄色的树林里分出两条路AndsorryIcouldnottravelboth可惜我不能同时去涉足Andbeonetraveler,longIstood我在那路口久久伫立AndlookeddownoneasfarasIcould我向着一条路极目望去Towhereitbentintheundergrown直到它消失在丛林深处Thentooktheother,asjustasfair但我却选了另外一条路Andhavingperhapsthebetterclaim它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂Becauseitwasgrassyandwantedwear;显得更诱人、更美丽Thoughasforthatthepassingthere虽然在这两条小路上Hadwornthemreallyaboutthesame都很少留下旅人的足迹Andboththatmorningequallylay虽然那天清晨落叶满地Inleavesnostephadtroddenblack两条路都未经脚印污染Oh,Ikeptthefirstforanotherday!呵，留下一条路等改日再见！Yetknowinghowwayleadsontoway,但我知道路径延绵无尽头IdoubtedifIshouldevencomeback.恐怕我难以再回返Ishallbetellingthiswithasigh也许多少年后在某个地方Somewhereagesandageshence:我将轻声叹息把往事回顾Tworoadsdivergedinawood,andI---一片树林里分出两条路Itooktheonelesstraveledby,而我选了人迹更少的一条Andthathasmadeallthedifference从此决定了我一生的道路评论1：TheRoadNotTakenisapoembyRobertFrost,publishedin1916inthecollectionMountainInterval,itisthefirstpoeminthevolumeandisprintedinitalics.ThetitleisoftenmistakenlygivenasTheRoadLessTraveled,fromthepenultimateline:Itooktheonelesstraveledby.Thepoemhastworecognizedinterpretations;oneisamoreliteralinterpretation,whiletheotherismoreironic.Readersoftenseethepoemliterally,asanexpressionofindividualism.Criticstypicallyviewthepoemasironic.[1]–'TheRoadNotTaken,'perhapsthemostfamousexampleofFrost'sownclaimstoconsciousironyand'thebestexampleinallofAmericanpoetryofawolfinsheep'sclothing.'[2]–andFrosthimselfwarnedYouhavetobecarefulofthatone;it'satrickypoem–verytricky.[3]FrostintendedthepoemasagentlejabathisgreatfriendandfellowpoetEdwardThomaswithwhomheusedtotakewalksthroughtheforest(Thomasalwayscomplainedattheendthattheyshouldhavetakenadifferentpath)andseemedamusedatthiscertaininterpretationofthepoemasinspirational.LiteralinterpretationAccordingtotheliteral(andmorecommon)interpretation,thepoemisinspirational,apaeantoindividualismandnon-conformism.Thepoemconsistsoffourstanzas.Inthefirststanza,thespeakerdescribeshisposition.Hehasbeenoutwalkinginthewoodsandcomestotworoads,andhestandslookingasfardowneachoneashecansee.Hewouldliketotryoutboth,butdoubtshecoulddothat,sothereforehecontinuestolookdowntheroadsforalongtimetryingtomakehisdecisionaboutwhichroadtotake.IronicinterpretationTheironicinterpretation,widelyheldbycritics,[1][5]isthatthepoemisinsteadaboutregretandpersonalmyth-making,rationalizingourdecisions.Inthisinterpretation,thefinaltwolines:Itooktheonelesstraveledby,Andthathasmadeallthedifference.areironic:thechoicemadelittleornodifferenceatall,thespeaker'sprotestationstothecontrary.Thespeakeradmitsinthesecondandthirdstanzasthatbothpathsmaybeequallywornandequallyleaf-covered,anditisonlyinhisfuturerecollectionthathewillcalloneroadlesstraveledby.Thesigh,widelyinterpretedasasighofregret,mightalsobeinterpretedironically:ina1925lettertoCristineYatesofDickson,Tennessee,askingaboutthesigh,Frostreplied:ItwasmyratherprivatejestattheexpenseofthosewhomightthinkIwouldyetlivetobesorryforthewayIhadtakeninlife.Everyoneisatraveler,choosingtheroadstofollowonthemapoftheircontinuousjourney,life.Thereisneverastraightpaththatleavesonewithbutasoledirectioninwhichtohead.RegardlessoftheoriginalmessagethatRobertFrosthadintendedtoconvey,hispoem,TheRoadNotTaken,hasleftitsreaderswithmanydifferentinterpretations.Itisone'spast,presentandtheattitudewithwhichhelooksuponhisfuturethatdeterminestheshadeofthelightthathewillseethepoemin.Inanycasehowever,thispoemclearlydemonstratesFrost'sbeliefthatitistheroadthatonechoosesthatmakeshimthemanwhoheis.AndsorryIcouldnottravelboth...Itisalwaysdifficulttomakeadecisionbecauseitisimpossiblenottowonderabouttheopportunitycost,whatwillbemissedouton.Thereisastrongsenseofregretbeforethechoiceisevenmadeanditliesintheknowledgethatinonelifetime,itisimpossibletotraveldowneverypath.Inanattempttomakeadecision,thetravelerlooksdownoneasfarasIcould.Theroadthatwillbechosenleadstotheunknown,asdoesanychoiceinlife.Asmuchhemaystrainhiseyestoseeasfartheroadstretches,eventuallyitsurpasseshisvisionandhecanneverseewhereitisgoingtolead.Itisthewaythathechoosesherethatsetshimoffonhisjourneyanddecideswhereheisgoing.Thentooktheother,justasfair,andhavingperhapsthebetterclaim.Whatmadeithavethebetterclaimisthatitwasgrasslandwantedwear.Itwassomethingthatwasobviouslynotforeveryonebecauseitseemedthatthemajorityofpeopletooktheotherpaththereforehecallsittheroadlesstraveledby.Thefactthatthetravelertookthispathoverthemorepopular,secureoneindicatesthetypeofpersonalityhehas,onethatdoesnotwanttonecessarilyfollowthecrowdbutdomoreofwhathasneverbeendone,whatisnewanddifferent.Andboththatmorningequallylayinleavesnostephadtroddenblack.Theleaveshadcoveredthegroundandsincethetimetheyhadfallennoonehadyettopassbyonthisroad.PerhapsFrostdoesthisbecauseeachtimeapersoncomestothepointwheretheyhavetomakeachoice,itisnewtothem,somewheretheyhaveneverbeena