2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained Se

-1-SectionⅢGrammar——现在完成时和现在完成进行时语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟①Ihaven'tseenJustinsince.②DetectiveSamPeterson，whohastakenchargeofthecase，toldjournalists，‘Sometimespeoplemakeupsuchamazingstories...’③Fromourrecentsurveyofstudents，wehavefoundthat53percentofthestudentsoftenplaysports.④Forcenturies，peoplehavereportedseeingawildcreatureintheHimalayascalledYeti.⑤LargetrackshavealsobeendiscoveredwhichsomepeoplesaybelongtotheWildMan.⑥Thisincidenthasreceivedgreatinterestduetoreportsofstrangelightsintheskyandofalienvisitsaroundthetimetheboydisappeared.⑦I'vebeenwritingthecompositionfortwohours，butIhaven'tfinishedityet.⑧Ihavebeenwantingtomeetyouforalongtime.1.句①～⑥中均运用了现在完成时，其谓语动词的构成形式为：have/has＋过去分词。2.句⑦⑧运用了现在完成进行时，其谓语动词的构成形式为：have/has＋been＋现在分词，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。3.现在完成时有两个基本用法：一是表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，如句②③⑤⑥；二是表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去，如句①④。一、现在完成时1．现在完成时的用法(1)表示过去发生的动作产生的结果或对现在造成的影响。动作虽然发生在过去，但落脚-2-点在现在。I'veforgottenhistelephonenumber.我忘记了他的电话号码。(没法联系他了)Ihaven'tfinishedreadingthisbookyet，soIcan'treturnittothelibrary.这本书我还没有看完，所以不能把它还给图书馆。(2)表示动作或状态从过去某时开始一直延续到现在，并可能延续下去。常与sofar，bynow，uptonow，since，foralongtime，uptillnow，inthepast/lastfewyears等表示一段时间的状语连用。Hehasworkedherefortwentyyearsbynow.到现在为止，他已经在这儿工作20年了。Uptonow，wehavereceivednolettersfromher.到现在为止，我们没有收到她一封信。[名师点津](1)该用法中的动词多是延续性动词，不能是非延续性动词或趋向动词。(2)非延续性动词用于否定句可以表示否定的状态，故可以用来表示状态的持续。(3)由since引导的时间状语中，since后面的时间名词必须是“时间点”，而不能是“时间段”；而for短语中的时间名词必须是“时间段”(有时for可省去)。I'veknownhimsince1980.我从1980年就认识他了。IhavelearntEnglish(for)manyyears.我学英语已很多年了。[即时演练1]用所给动词的适当形式填空①Thepricehasgone(go)down，butI'mnotsurewhetheritwillremainso.②Allthewindowshavebeenpainted(paint)，andtheylooknew.③Ihaveread(read)manyreportsabouttheUFOrecently.④Inthelastfewyears，Chinahasmade(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.⑤Hisfirstnovelhasreceived(receive)goodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.2．现在完成时的常用句型(1)It/Thisisthefirst/second/...timethat＋主语＋谓语部分(常用现在完成时)(2)Ithasbeen＋一段时间＋since...(3)It/This/Thatisthe＋最高级＋名词＋定语从句(定语从句常用现在完成时)ItisthefirsttimethatI'veheardofthestoryaboutCropCircles.这是我第一次听说麦田怪圈的故事。-3-Thisisthebestfilm(that)I'veeverseen.这是我所看过的最好的一部电影。3．在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替将来完成时Ifyouhavedonetheexperiment，youwillrealizethetheorybetter.如果你做过这个实验，你会更好地理解这个理论的。4．现在完成时和一般过去时的区别时态区别例句现在完成时重在强调过去的动作或状态对现在的影响，重点在现在。Ihavelostmynewbook.我把新书弄丢了。(现在还未找到)一般过去时重在强调某个过去的动作或状态，与现在并无联系。Ilostmynewbookyesterday.我昨天把新书弄丢了。(昨天丢的，现在找到与否没有说明)[即时演练2]用所给动词的适当形式填空①cleanWecleanedtheclassroomjustnow.Wehavealreadycleanedtheclassroom.②workIworkedinthefactoryfor3years，nowIrunarestaurant.Ihaveworkedinthefactoryfor3years.③—Kevin，youlookworried.Anythingwrong?—Well，Itook(take)atestandI'mwaitingfortheresult.二、现在完成进行时1．现在完成进行时的用法(1)表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在并有可能延续下去，更强调动作的延续性，常与for，since等引出的时间状语连用。Theyhavebeenlivingherefor10years.他们住在这里10年了。Ihavebeenwaitingforyouabouthalfanhour.我等你大概半个小时了。(2)表示动作的反复性。Theyhavebeendiscussingthematterseveraltimesthisyear.他们今年已经数次讨论那件事了。(3)表示某种感情色彩。Ihavebeenwaitingtoseeyouforalongtime.-4-长久以来，我一直等着见你。[名师点津]表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。我认识他已经好几年了。Ihaveknownhimforyears.(√)Ihavebeenknowinghimforyears.(×)[即时演练3]用所给动词的适当形式填空①—WhereisPeter?Ican'tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastandhasbeenwriting(write)hisessaythereeversince.②Thegirlhasagreatinterestinsportsandhasbeentaking(take)badmintonclassestwiceaweekoverthelastthreeyears.③Inordertofindthemissingchild，villagershavebeendoing(do)alltheycanoverthepastfivehours.2．现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别时态基本语法功能动作的反复感情色彩现在完成进行时表示动作的持续可表示动作的反复可表示强烈的感情色彩现在完成时表示动作对现在的影响或产生的结果不表示动作的反复一般不含有感情色彩Hehaswrittenaletter.他写了一封信。(信已写好)Hehasbeenwritingaletter.他一直在写一封信。(信尚未完成)Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近见过他吗？(现实结果)Haveyoubeenmeetinghimrecently?你最近常和他见面吗？(动作的反复)Myfatherhaslosthiskeys.我父亲把钥匙丢了。(陈述事实)Myfatherhasalwaysbeenlosinghiskeys.我父亲总是丢钥匙。(“有责怪或无奈”之意)[即时演练4]用所给动词的适当形式填空①Thatfamouspaintinghasbeenmissing(miss)fortwoweeksnow.Policehavebeen-5-looking(look)forit.②Ihavebeenwriting(write)thebook，butIstillhaven'tfinished(notfinish)it.③Theyhaveneverlearnt(learn)toswim.④Wehavebeenlooking(look)forwardtooursummervacation.Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空1．Sorry，I'mfull.Ihavehad(have)supperalready.2．Mariahasbeenlearning(learn)Englishfortwoyearsandshedoeswellinit.3．LiMingwent(go)abroadlastyear.Wehaven'theard(nothear)fromeachothersincethen.4．Hello，Tom.Ihavebeenlooking(look)foryouallmorning.Wherehaveyoubeen?5．Wehavebeencontributing(contribute)totheprosperityofnationalinstrumentsofChinawithreasonableprice，professionalstandardandhighqualityservices.6．Howmanyunexplainedstorieshaveyouheard(hear)of?7．Inthepastfewdays，thedetectivehaslooked/hasbeenlooking(look)intothecase.8．Theyhavebeenbuilding(build)thebridgebasesincelastweek.9．Theboyhasnotshown(notshow)upsincehewentmissing.10．Dannyhasworked(work)hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1．ShelivesinBeijingsinceshecametoChina.lives→haslived2．Theyarefriendsfor10years.are→havebeen3．Inthelasttenyears，manychangestookplaceinmyhometown.took→havetaken4．Iheardnothingfromhimuptonow.heard前加have5．Hishandsareverydirty，becausehehaspaintingthedoor.painting前加been6．Ihavebeendrunkfivecupsofcoffeethisaft