（新课标）2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 Nothing ventured, noth

-1-SectionⅡLanguagePoints(WarmingUp，Pre­reading,Reading&Comprehending)venturevt.&vi.冒险；敢于去……n.(有风险的)商业、企业(教材P1)Nothingventured,nothinggained.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。Don'tventuretooneartheedgeofthewell；youmightfallin.别冒险靠水井太近，那样你会掉进去的。Hefailedinhisventures.他投机失败了。venturetodo...鼓起勇气去做ventureinto/beyond/outof冒险进入/走出……ventureonsth.冒险做……ataventure冒险地；碰运气地Thisisthefirsttimethatthecompanyhasventuredintomovieproduction.这是这家公司首次涉足电影制作。Itwaswrongtoventurehisfinancialsecurityonsuchariskydeal.他以自己稳定的财政作赌注去做风险这么大的交易是错误的。Hechoseabookataventurefromtheshelves.他从书架上随便挑了一本书。[名师点津]表示“冒险”也可以用与risk有关的短语：risksth./doingsth.冒险做某事takearisk冒险beatrisk冒险完成句子①冒昧地问一句，你们之间没发生什么事吧？I__________________________ifanythingsprangupbetweenyou.②他冒着生命危险为人民自由而战。He_________________tofightforthepeople'sfreedom.-2-③他最近冒险做起了出口业务。He_____________________anexportbusiness.【答案】①venturetoask②venturedhislife③hasrecentlyventuredintosufferingn.苦楚；受难；痛苦；折磨；苦恼(教材P1)Hesleptonfirewoodandstrawtoremindhimofhissufferings.他睡在木柴和稻草上以提醒自己不忘苦难。Thereissomuchsufferinginthisworld.这个世界上多灾多难。Herfaceborethedeepimprintofsuffering.她的脸上带着受过苦难的深深痕迹。①sufferings(pl)痛苦；苦恼②suffervt.&vi.受苦；忍受sufferfromsth.遭受……sufferfor(it)(因此)而吃苦头Thecitysufferedseriousdamagefromtheearthquake.这个城市因地震而遭到严重破坏。Obviouslyyouaresufferingfromjetlag.很显然你正在遭受时差反应的痛苦。IknowI'llsufferforittomorrowmorning，butgivemeanothergin.我知道我明天早上会因此而难受，不过还是再给我来一杯杜松子酒吧。[名师点津]suffer作及物动词时，其宾语常为pain，loss，grief，insult，punishment，hardship，injustice，disappointment等表示精神痛苦的名词，而后接遭受战争、自然灾害等带来的苦难及患病之苦时，常用作不及物动词，需借助于介词from。完成句子①________________(由于患心脏病)foryears,Mr.Whitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.②Becareful,or________________(我们的工作会受损失)．【答案】①Havingsufferedfromhearttrouble②ourworkwillsufferblockout封闭；忘掉；抹去(教材P2)AsIthinkofthis,ablackblanketdropsandcoversme,almostblocking-3-outthememoriesofhappiertimes.正想到这儿，一条黑色的毛毯掉下来把我盖住，几乎把美好时光的记忆封闭了。Blockoutthisunimportantdetailatthetopofyourpicture.在底片上把图像上部的这个不重要的细节涂掉。Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墙把光线都遮住了。blockin概略画出blockoff封锁；封闭；隔开blockup阻塞；阻挡；阻碍Themainroadsofthecityhavebeenblockedoff.城市的主干道路被封锁了。Thefirewon'tburnbecausetheflueisblockedup.因烟道堵塞火烧不起来。完成句子①Apieceofrockhasfallenand_____________________(把小路挡住了)．②Police______________________(封锁了那条街道)aftertheexplosion.【答案】①blockedupthepath②blockedoffthestreetblackenvt.&vi.(使)变黑；丑化；败坏……的名誉(教材P2)IfeelbreathlessasIremembermyrottentoesthathadtoberemovedwhentheybecameblackenedfromfrostbite.一想到由于冻伤变黑而必须截去的腐烂的脚趾头，我就感到喘不过气来。Thesmokehadblackenedthewhitewallsofthekitchen.烟把厨房白色的墙壁熏黑了。Don'tblackenmynamebyspreadingrumours.别散布谣言败坏我的名声。en­或­en与形容词或名词相结合，原词由形容词或名词转化为动词。这类常见的动词还有：enrich使丰富；使富有enlarge使扩大encourage鼓励darken使变黑sharpen使锋利deepen加深-4-widen加宽Mypencilisblunt,couldyoulendmeaknifetosharpenit?我的铅笔钝了，你能借我把刀子削一削吗？Mayourpartnershipdeepenandprosper.预祝我们的伙伴关系不断加深和发展。单句语法填空①Mr.Trenthopesthecitywon'tgothroughwithitsplansto________(wide)thestreet.②Wemust________(large)ourviewsbyreading.③Thelibrarywas________(rich)withnewbooks.【答案】①widen②enlarge③enriched(教材P2)Ourcircumstancesaresodesperatethatitisuncertainwhetherwewilleverreturnalive.我们的境况让人绝望，谁也不清楚会不会活着回去。(1)circumstancen.环境；详情；境况(需用复数)Thechoiceoftechniqueis,therefore,amatterofpreference,andinsomecasescircumstance.因此，技术的选择是偏好的问题，在某些情况下也与环境有关。Icannotrecollecttheexactcircumstance.我总是想不起确实的情况。inanycircumstances在任何情形下in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下in/undernocircumstances无论如何不；绝不(位于句首时，句子用倒装)Ifwearehappyinourheart,wewillbehappyinanycircumstances.如果我们的心快乐，任何情况下都会觉得快乐。Undernocircumstancesshouldyoulendhimanymoney.你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。完成句子①中国在任何时候和任何情况下，都不首先使用核武器。Atnotimeand________________willChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.②在这种情况下，我们必须让步。Wemustgivein__________________________.-5-③我知道我在任何情况下都能信任她。IknowIcantrusther________________________.【答案】①undernocircumstances②underthiscircumstance③inanycircumstances(2)【句式分析】句中so...that引导结果状语从句；在状语从句中it为形式主语，whether引导的句子为真正主语。so...that...表示“如此……以至于”。Itwassocoldoutsidethatwehadtostopthegame.外面天气太冷了，我们不得不停止比赛。Thepictureissobeautifulthateveryonelikesit.那幅画是如此好看，以至于大家都喜欢它。so...that...常用于以下结构：①so＋形容词(表语)＋that从句。②so＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数名词＋that从句。③so＋副词＋that从句。④so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋名词＋that从句。(2019·全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空)Onourwaytothehouse，itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.在我们去那房子的途中，雨下得如此大以至于我们不禁琢磨着要多久才能到那里。Shemadesogoodamealthatweallatefartoomuch.她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。Hedidsowellintheexaminationthateveryonepraisedhim.他考得那么好，人人都称赞他。[名师点津]such...that...用于以下三个句型：such＋a(n)＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋that...such＋形容词＋复数可数名词＋that...such＋形容词＋不可数名词＋that...such＋不可数名词＋that...完成句子④缸里的水太少，不够我们这些人用的。Therewas__________________________itwasnotenoughforallofus.⑤他学习功课非常勤奋，休息得很少很少。Heworked_________________________hehadlittlerest.-6-⑥昨天天气很好，我们都出去野餐了。Itwas__________________weallwentoutforapicnic.【答案】④solittlewaterinthejarthat⑤sohardathislessonsthat⑥sofineadayyesterdaythatholdon坚持；继续；(打电话时用语)请等一下；不要挂断(教材P2)Holdonnow,Perce.Don'tyougoturningintoanotherTom...坚持下去，珀斯。不要变成另一个汤姆……Theymanagedtoholdonuntilhelparrived.他们设法坚持住直到有救援到来。Holdon,please.I'llseeifhe'sinhisoffice.请别挂断。我去看看他是否在办公室。①holdon还表示“将……固定住；抓住；保留”，表示“抓住；保留”，后面常跟tosb./s