（新课标）2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 Nothing ventured, noth

-1-SectionⅢLearningaboutLanguage(教材P5)Theiceconstantlybrokeupatnightbecauseofthewarmthofourbodiesandweoftendroppedintothefreezingwaterwhilesleeping.由于我们的体温，冰在晚上不断的破裂，我们经常在睡梦中掉进冰冷的水中。(1)breakup破碎；结束；解散；垮掉；(学校)期终放假Thestrickentankerbegantobreakupontherocks.油轮被击中后撞上礁石，毁坏了。Theydecidedtobreakupthepartnership.他们决定终止合作关系。Policehadtobreakupthecrowd.警察不得不驱散人群。breakaway(from)脱离；摆脱；断绝关系breakdown出毛病；分解；(身体)垮了breakinto闯入；打断；突然开始(哭、笑、唱等)breakin插入；强行进入breakout爆发breakthrough强行穿过；突围；冲破Becauseofexplosion，thebridgebrokedownlastnight.由于爆炸，昨夜这座桥倒塌了。Lastnightathiefbrokeinandstoleawayhiscamera.昨夜一个小偷闯了进来，偷走了他的相机。Morethanonehundredfiresbrokeoutinourcitylastyear.去年我市发生了一百多起火灾。用适当的break短语完成句子①He________withsomeideasofhisown.②Hearingthesadnews，theoldwoman________tears.③Ihaveheardthataquarrel________betweenthem.④Afteralongtimeofhardwork,healmost______________．⑤Whendoyou________forChristmas?-2-⑥Thedog________itsownerandranaway.⑦Oursoldierssuccessfully________theenemy'sdefences.【答案】①brokein②brokeinto③brokeout④brokedown⑤breakup⑥brokeawayfrom⑦brokethrough(2)freezingadj.冰冻的；严寒的；冷淡的Thefreezingwindpiercedustothebone.凛冽的风使我们感到寒冷刺骨。Freezingweatherisharmfultoorangetrees.冰冻天气对橘子树是有害的。freezev.(使)冻结；结冰frozenadj.冷冻的；冷藏的；冻僵的；冰封的frozenwith/insth.吓呆；惊呆Somefruitsdon'tfreezewellatall.有些水果根本就不能冷藏。Thesefrozenfoodsarethemostconvenientofall.这些冷冻食品是最为方便的。完成句子⑧Shestaredatme,______________________________(惊呆了)．⑨__________________(冰冷的雨)droveherbackindoors.【答案】⑧frozenwithshock⑨Thefreezingrain(教材P7)WhatShackletonandhismenmusthavefeltdoesn'tbearthinkingabout.沙克尔顿和他的手下当时所经历的事情不堪回首。【句式分析】本句为复合句，what引导名词性从句，在句中作主语；what引导名词性从句在句中还可以作宾语、表语、同位语和宾语补足语等。Whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality.曾经被认为不可能的事情，现在已经变成了事实。Yourhealthisnotwhatitoughttobe.你的身体应该更好。Ican'tdowhatyou'vejustaskedofme.我不能做你刚才要求我的事。-3-翻译句子①我怕的是他们带他到那地方去。_______________________________________________________________②时代不同了。_______________________________________________________________③父亲开始批评男孩所做的事。_______________________________________________________________【答案】①WhatI'mafraidofistheirtakinghimtothatplace.②Timesarenotwhattheyusedtobe.③Thefatherbegantocriticizewhattheboyhaddone.定语一、定语的意义定语是用来修饰名词的，在意义上相当于形容词。二、定语的表现形式1.形容词、代词、数词、名词、动名词、分词作定语通常放在被修饰的词前面，叫前置定语。Thisisavaluablelesson.(形容词)这是很有价值的一课。TheteacupwasbrokenbyTomyesterday.(名词)那茶杯是汤姆昨天打坏的。Herfatherisanengineer.(代词)她父亲是一个工程师。Iwasmadetohelpcooktwenty­eightmealsthreetimesaday.(数词)我被迫帮助做二十八个人的一日三餐的饭菜。Heboughtsomesleepingpills.(动名词)他买了一些安眠药。Thisisamostpressingproblem.(现在分词)这是一个非常紧迫的问题。IsthereanydifferencebetweenspokenEnglishandwrittenEnglish？(过去分词)英语口语和书面语之间存在什么不同吗？DoyouknowBetty'smother?(所有格)你认识贝蒂的母亲吗？2．介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语、副词作定语通常放在所修饰的名词的后面，叫后-4-置定语。Thegirlinredishissister.(介词短语)穿红衣服的女孩是他妹妹。Wehavealotofworktodotoday.(不定式)今天我们有很多工作要做。Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter.(分词短语)站在树下的那个女孩是他的女儿。Hewaslostintheforest,andhecouldn'tfindawayout.(副词)他在森林中迷路了，找不到出去的路。3.如果被修饰的词为some,any，every,no等构成的不定代词(如someone，anything等)时，定语要放在这些词的后面。Thereisnothinginterestinginthisbook.这本书没什么意思。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.我有重要的事情要告诉你。【特别提示】多个形容词同时修饰一个名词，其排列顺序通常如下：限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格)——数词(序数词、基数词)——描绘性形容词——特征形容词(大小、形状、新旧、长幼)——颜色形容词——类属形容词(来源、材料、用途)——名词性定语——被修饰名词。口诀促记：限定描写大长高；形状年龄新旧老；颜色国籍到材料；作用类别往后靠。afewbigroundnewblackwoodenFrenchtables几张新的大而圆的法国黑色木桌子afamousGermanmedicalschool一所德国著名的医学院4．从句作定语一般放在先行词后，分为限定性和非限定性两种。能引导定语从句的关系代词有：who,whom，as，whose,which,that等；关系副词有：where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在从句中作句子成分。IyellinahoarsevoicethatIhardlyrecognizeasmyown.我用自己都辨认不出来的沙哑声音尖叫着。Theoldmanwhosedaughterisanursewasaheadmaster.女儿是护士的那位老人过去是校长。Theoldman,whosedaughterisanurse,wasaheadmaster.-5-那位老人，过去是校长，他的女儿是护士。Thebuildingwhichwaspaintedinredwasbuiltinthe1990s.那座粉刷成红色的建筑是上世纪90年代建造的。Aseverybodyknows,JonesmarriedMark.众所周知，琼斯嫁给了马克。JonesmarriedMark,as/whicheverybodyknows.琼斯嫁给了马克，正如大家所知/这件事大家都知道。用所给动词的正确形式填空1．Theairport________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.2．I'mgoingtothesupermarketthisafternoon.Doyouhaveanything________(buy)?3．Pricesofdailygoods________(bring)throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.4．Thepicture________(hang)onthewallispaintedbymynephew.5.Doyouknowthegirl________(wear)aredcoatoverthere?完成句子6.Thisisthehouse__________________(几年前建的)．7.Ican'tgoouttoplayfootballwithyoubecauseIhave_____________(很多信要写)．8.Jackisalways_________________(每天早上第一个来)．9．Thebuilding_________________________(那边正在建造的)isournewlibrary.10.Theyaretalkingaboutthebooks__________________(昨天他们在书店买的)．【答案】1.tobecompleted2.tobuy3.brought4.hanging5.wearing6.(which/thatwas)builtseveralyearsago7.manyletterstowrite8.thefirsttocomeeverymorning9.(which/thatis)beingbuiltoverthere10.(which/that)theyboughtinthebookshopyesterday