（新课标）2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Sharing英美文化欣赏教案（含解析）新人

-1-Unit4Sharing【导读】《威廉·莎士比亚》是讲述莎士比亚生平故事的小说，是由他的好朋友托比叙述的。阅读下面选取的有关童年生活的节选，对比自己与莎翁童年生活的不同。WilliamShakespeare(excerpt)TobyremembersMynameisToby.I'manoldman，eighty­threethisspring.MyhouseisrightinthemiddleofStratford­upon­Avon，andIcanwatchthestreetmarketfrommywindow.ButIliveveryquietlynow.I'mjustanoldman，sittinginachair.IonceknewthegreatestmaninEngland.ForthirtyyearsIwashisfriend.Iworkedwithhiminthetheatre，throughthegoodtimesandthebadtimes.Hewasagoodfriendtome.Hewasalsothebestplaywright，thebestpoet，thateverlivedinEngland.WillShakespearewashisname.Isawallhisplaysinthetheatre.Peoplelovedthem.Theyshouted，laughedandcried，ateoranges，andcalledformore.Allkindsofpeople.Kings，Queens，Princes，greatlordsandladies，poorpeople，theboyswhoheldthehorses...everyone.WillShakespearecouldpleasethemall.Heputmeinaplayonce.Well，heusedmyname—Toby.TwelfthNightwasthenameoftheplay，Iremember.SirTobyBelch.Hewasabigfatman，wholikeddrinkingtoomuchandhavingagoodtime.QueenElizabeththeFirstwatchedthatplay—TwelfthNighton，the6thofJanuary，1601.Shelikedit，too.Will'sdeadnow，ofcourse.He'sbeendeadmorethanthirtyyears，andnooneseeshisplaysnow.ThePuritanshaveclosedallthetheatres.There'snosinging，nodancing，noplays.Itwasn'tlikethatinmyyoungdays.WehadagoodtimeinLondon，WillandI.I'venoteethnow，andmyhairhasallfallenout，butIcanstillthink—andremember.IrememberwhenWillandIwereyoung，justboysreally...ItwasasunnydayinOctober1579whenIfirstmetWill，justoutsideStratford，nearabigfieldofappletrees.Isawaboyupinoneofthetrees.Hehadredhairandlookedabouttwoyearsolderthanme.-2-Whatareyoudoingupthere？Icalled.Justgettingafewapples，hesaid，smiling.ThoseareFarmerNash'sapples，Isaid，andhe'llsendhisdogsafteryouifheseesyou.MrNashhasgonetomarket，theboysaid.Comeon！They'regoodapples.ThenextminuteIwasupthetreewithhim.ButWillwaswrong.FarmerNashwasn'tatthemarket，andafewminuteslaterwesawhisangryredfaceabovethewallonthefarsideofthefield.WillandIranlikethewindandonlystoppedwhenwereachedtheriver.Wesatdowntoeatourapples.Willwasfifteen，andlivedinHenleyStreet，hetoldme.HisfatherwasJohnShakespeare，andhehadasister，Joan，andtwoyoungerbrothers，GilbertandRichard.Therewasanothersisterwhodied，Ilearntlater.Andthenextyearhehadanotherbrother，littleEdmund—thebabyofthefamily.Now，whataboutyou？heasked.There'sonlymeandmysister，Isaid.Myparentsaredead，andwelivewithmymother'sbrother：He'sashoe­makerinElyStreetandIworkforhim.Whatdoyoudo?IgotoMrJenkins'schoolinChurchStreet，Willsaid.Everyday，fromseveno'clockuntilfiveo'clock.NotSundays，ofcourse.Iwassorryforhim.Isn'titboring？Iasked.Sometimes.Usuallyit'sallright.Helaybackandputhishandsbehindhishead.ButwehavetoreadandlearnalltheseLatinwriters.Iwanttoreadmodernwriters，andEnglishwriters，likeGeoffreyChaucer.Canyouread？heasked.OfcourseIcanread！Isaid.Iwenttoschool.Willsatupandbegantoeatanotherapple.Iwanttobeawriter，hesaid.Apoet.Iwantthatmorethananythingintheworld.Wewerefriendsfromthatday，untilthedayhedied.Wemetnearlyeveryday，andhetaughtmealotaboutbooksandpoetryandwriters.Healwayshadhisnoseinabook.WhenWillleftschool，heworkedforhisfatherinHenleyStreet.JohnShakespearewasaglove­maker，andhehadotherbusinesstoo，likebuyingandsellingsheep.-3-ButWillwasn'tinterested.Whatarewegoingtodo，Toby？hesaidtomeoneday.Wecan'tspendallourlivesmakingshoesandgloves!Well，Isaid，wecouldrunawaytoseaandbesailors.Sailroundtheworld，likeFrancisDrake.DrakesailedbacktoPlymouthin1581，afterhisthree­yearjourneyroundtheworld，butwewerestillinStratford.Wemadelotsofplans，butnothingevercameofthem.Willwasstillreadingalotandhewasalreadywritingpoemshimself.Hesometimesshowedthemtome，andIsaidtheywereverygood.Ididn'treallyknowanythingaboutpoetrythen，buthewasmyfriend.Willwasnothappywithhiswriting.I'vegotsomuchtolearn，Toby，hesaid.Somuchtolearn.PoorWill.Hehadalottolearnaboutwomen，too.OnedayinOctober1582hecametomyhousewithalongface.I'llneverleaveStratford,hesaid.Whynot？Iasked.We'llgetawayoneday.You'llsee.Perhapsyouwill，hesaid，butI'mgoingtobemarriedinafewweeks'time.ToAnneHathaway.Mymouthfellopenandstayedopen.Married！ToAnneHathaway？IsthattheHathawaysoveratShottery?Yes，Willsaid.Iwasworkingonsomeshoesonthetable，andWillpickedoneupandlookedatit.Well，er，she'safinegirl，ofcourse，Isaiduncomfortably.But...but，Will，she'stwenty­sixandyou'reonlyeighteen!Iknow，Willsaid.ButI'vegottomarryher.Ohno！Isaid.Youmean，she's...That'sright，saidWill.Inaboutsixmonths'timeI'mgoingtobeafather.《威廉·莎士比亚》(节选)托比的回忆我叫托比，一位年迈的老人，今年春天年过83岁。家住艾汶河畔斯特拉福镇中心，透过窗户，便可以望到街道的闹市。我的生活平和宁静。毕竟我已是一位要在轮椅上安度晚年的老头子了。我曾认识英国的一位最伟大的人物。-4-我与他相交30年，同在剧团工作，也共同度过人生中欢乐与艰辛的岁月。他是我的好友。也是英国有史以来最优秀的剧作家，最杰出的诗人。他就是威尔·莎士比亚。我看过他所有上演的戏剧。这些戏剧颇受欢迎，也一度令观众狂喜大悲，不过他们都希望能看到他更多的戏剧。形形色色的人，上自国王、王后、王子和豪富名女，下至贫苦百姓和牵马的脚夫……所有的人，威尔·莎士比亚都能令他们开心欢娱。他曾将我写进剧本，剧中用了我的原名——托比。我记得剧名为《第十二夜》，剧中的托比·培尔契爵士又大又胖而且喜欢酗酒行乐。女王伊丽莎白一世于1601年1月6号观看了此剧——《第十二夜》，也很喜欢。当然威尔现在已不在人世，他过世都30多年了，如今没有人能看到他的戏。自从清教徒关闭了所有的剧院，就不再有歌声、舞蹈和戏剧了。如今的情形同我年轻时与威尔在伦敦度过的快乐时光相比已经大不一样了。我现在没有牙齿了，头发也掉光了，但我还能思考——还能回忆，我记得威尔和我年轻的时候，还是孩子的时候……我第一次遇见威尔是在1579年10月的一天。那天，阳光明媚，就在斯特拉福镇外一座大苹果园附近，我看见有棵苹果树上坐着一位小男孩，长着红棕色头发，看模样大概大我两岁。你在上边干什么？我叫道。摘苹果。他笑着答道。那可是纳什农场主的苹果，我说，如果他发现了，就要放狗咬你的。纳什先生去集市了，男