2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Public transport Section Ⅰ

-1-Unit4PublictransportBinRailwayDreams从北京到上海，只需要288分钟！中国的高铁时代已经到来，越来越多的旅客会放弃飞机而选择火车。Imagine，oneday，gettingoutofbedinBeijingandbeingatyourofficeinShanghaiinonlyacoupleofhours，andthen，afterafulldayofwork，goingbackhometoBeijingandhavingdinnerthere.Soundsunusual，doesn'tit?Butit'snotthatunrealistic，withthedevelopmentofChina'shigh­speedrailwayplantoconnectthecountrywithSoutheastAsia，andeventuallyEasternEurope.Chinaisnegotiatingtoextenditsownhigh­speedrailwaynetworktoupto17countriesin10to15years，eventuallyreachingLondonandSingapore.IfChina'splanforthehigh­speedrailwaygoesforward，peoplecouldzipoverfromLondontoBeijinginundertwodays.ThenewsystemwouldstillfollowChina'shigh­speedrailwaystandard.Andthetrainswouldbeabletogo346kilometersanhour，almostasfastassomeairplanes.Ofcourse，therearesometechnicalchallengestoovercome.Therearesomanyissuesthatneedtobesettled，suchassafety，railgauge，maintenanceofrailwaytracks.So，it'simportanttopayattentiontoeverydetail.It'llbeawin­winproject.Forothercountries，therailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness，tourismandsoon，nottomentionthebettercommunicationamongthosecountries.ForChina，suchaprojectwouldnotonlyconnectitwiththerestofAsiaandbringsomemuch­neededresources，butwouldalsohelpdevelopChina'sfarwest.Weforeseethatinthecomingdecades，millionsofpeoplewillmigratetothewesternregions，wherethelandisemptyandresourcesareunused.Withhigh­speedtrains，peoplewillsetupfactoriesandbusinesscentersinthewestonceandforall.Andthey'lltradewithCentralAsianandEasternEuropeancountries.-2-[阅读障碍词]1．unrealisticadj.不现实的，不切实际的2．negotiatevi.&vt.谈判，协商3．zipvi.疾行前往4．gaugen.轨距5．definitelyadv.确切地，肯定地6．migratevi.迁徙，移居[诱思导读]1．Whatbenefitsdoyouthinkthehigh­speedrailwaysystemcanbringus?Itcancreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness，tourism，andmakebettercommunicationandsoon.2．Arethereanyproblemsintherailwaynetwork?Pleasemakealist.Therearesometechnicalchallengestoovercome，suchassafety，railgauge，maintenanceofrailwaytracks.SectionⅠReading(Ⅰ)(Welcometotheunit&Reading)Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.conveyA．adj.非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的()2.authorityB．vt.&vi.承担，从事；承诺，答应()3.unbelievableC．n.部分；部件；部门()4.undertakeD．vt.运送，输送；表达()5.sectionE．n.权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权()6.unfortunatelyF．vt.延迟，延期()7.postponeG．vi.&vt.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽；塞满，堵塞n．哽咽声，呛住的声音()8.intervalH．adv.遗憾地，不幸地，可惜地()9.chokeI．vi.&vt.扩大，扩展，增大()10.enlargeJ．n.间隔，间隙[答案]1－5DEABC6－10HFJGIⅡ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思-3-A．为了向……表示敬意B．连接C．导致D．起……作用E．中途下客F．捡起()1.Theyhaveplannedtolinkupthetwoareasbytelephone.()2.Thelibraryfunctionedasatemporaryhospitaltocopewiththewounded.()3.Theyheldapartyinhonourofthepresident'scominghere.()4.Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadtohealthproblems.()5.IwouldhavepickeditupifIhadnoticedit.()6.Icandropyouoffonmywayhome.[答案]1－6BDACFEThefirstundergroundintheworldWelcometotheLondonUnderground，orasitisusuallyknown①，thetube.Ithasthedistinctionof②beingtheoldestandmostcomplexundergroundsystemintheworld.Rail(铁路)servicestoLondonwerefirstdevelopedduringthefirsthalfofthe19thcentury.However，mosttrainstoLondononlywenttotheouter(远离中心的)citylimits，becausebuildingrailwaytracksintothecitywouldhavedamagedmanyoldbuildings③.Horse­drawn(用马拉的)buses，trams(有轨电车)，cabs(出租车)andcarriageswereusedtoconveypeopletoandaroundthecitycentre.Unfortunately，thenumberofvehiclesontheroadcausedunbelievabletrafficjams(交通堵塞)，andtheroadsbecamesobusythatnoonecouldtravelanywhere.Thistrafficproblemledtothedevelopmentoftheundergroundsystem.世界上第一条地铁欢迎来到伦敦地铁——通常它被称为“管子”。伦敦地铁是世界上最古老且最复杂的地铁系统，并因此而享有盛名。早在19世纪上半叶就首次有了通往伦敦的铁路交通服务。但大部分通往伦敦的火车只到外伦敦的边界，因为在市区修建铁路会损坏许多古建筑。用马拉的公共汽车、有轨电车、出租车和四轮马车被用来送人们到市中心和周围地区。不幸的是，路上车辆的数量造成了难以置信的交通堵塞，道路交通变得如此拥挤以至于任何地方都无人能够通行。这一交通问题导致了地铁系统的研发。[助读讲解]①as引导非限制性定语从句。②havethedistinctionof...在某方面卓越/优秀。③buildingrailway...是动名词短语，在because引导的原因状语从句中作主语。该原因状语从句使用了虚拟语气，相当于：ifrailwaytrackshadbeenbuiltintothecity，itwouldhavedamagedmanyoldbuildings。-4-In1854，theBritishgovernmentgaveapprovalto④theconstructionbytheMetropolitan(大城市的)RailwayCompanyofanundergroundrailwayinthecentreofLondon，betweenPaddingtonandFarringdon，via(经由)King'sCross，StPancrasandEuston.However，newtrainshadtobedevelopedandtheplanrequiredraisingalargeamountofmoney，sothediggingwaspostponeduntil1860．⑤Theinitialtunnels(地下通道)wereopenedin1863andwerejustbeneaththesurfaceoftheground.Passengersweretransportedincarriageswithoutwindows，whichwerepulledthroughthenarrowtunnelsbysteamengines⑥.In1868，thenextsectionoftheundergroundsystemwasopenedinthesouthofLondonbyanothercompanycalledtheMetropolitanDistrictRailway.Sixteenyearslater，in1884，theMetropolitanRailwayCompanyandtheMetropolitanDistrictRailwaylinkedupandprovidedundergroundserviceinthemiddleofthecity.ThislaterbecametheCircleLine.Becauseofthesmokefromthesteamengines，earlyundergroundlinesneededlargeholesleadingtothesurfaceatregularintervals，sothatpeoplecouldgetfreshairandwouldnotchoke(窒息)⑦.1854年，英国政府正式批准大都会铁路公司在伦敦市中心的帕丁顿和法林顿之间建一条地铁，途经国王十字站、圣潘克里斯和尤斯顿。然而，新火车需要研发，该计划需要筹集大笔资金，因此挖掘工作一直延迟到1860年。首批地铁隧道于1863年开通，它们紧靠地表。乘客们坐在没有窗户的车厢中被运来运去，这些车厢由蒸汽机拉动，穿梭于狭窄的隧道。1868年，地铁系统接下去的一段由另一家名为大都会区铁路的公司在伦敦南部开通。十六年后的1884年，大都会铁路公司和大都会区铁路公司联合，为城市中部地区提供地铁服务。此线后来变成了环