2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 2 Developing and Developed

-1-Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries发展中国家在第二次世界大战之后迅速崛起，其经济、政治、教育日益发展，但是在其教育发展的过程中，还存在着一系列的问题和挑战。Tosomeonelivinginadevelopedcountry，educationisarequirementthatsometimesseemsveryordinary.Acollegestudent，forexample，mightfindthatwakingupinthemorningforan8：00amclassisthehardestthingintheworld.However，collegeisevenremoteformanypeopleindevelopingcountriesandachievingjustabasiceducationisfarmorechallengingthanonemightimagine.Seventeenpercentofthetotaladultsareilliterateandaround67.4millionchildrenaren'teveninschoolandthenumberistwicethenumberofilliteratepeople.Thesenumbersareatragicresultofthecountriesbeingtroubledbystrugglessuchaspoverty，economicweakness，alackofqualifiedteachers，andsoon.Povertyisthemainchallengeforpeoplegettinganeducationindevelopingcountries.Whenhalfoftheworld'spopulationliveson$2.50orlessperday，incomesforthesepoorpeopleusuallycomefromfarming，agriculture，andproductssoldinmarkets.Adultsworkhardforverylittleandcan'taffordtosendtheirchildrentoschool，sotheysendthemtoworktoearnextraincome.Intotal，about166millionchildrenworldwideareforcedtowork，whichmeansthattheyhavenochancetoreadandwriteordobasicmath.Economicweaknessindevelopingcountriesresultsfromtheextremelypoorpeople.Theeconomysufferswhenthepeopledon'tearnenoughmoneytospendorpaytaxestohelpthegovernment'sfunds.Teachersteachwhattheyknow.Indevelopingcountries，theschoolseducatingfutureteachersareusingfewcurriculumstocreateanongoingcycleoflow­qualityeducation.Studentsdon'tlearnhowtoproperlyreadordomathandotherbasic-2-skills.Evenafterfiveyearsofprimaryeducation，closeto50%ofstudentsremainilliterate，andmanydropoutbecausetherereallyisnoreasonforthemtostayinschoolwhentheycouldmakeanincome.Thesearejustacoupleofchallengesthatpeoplefacewhengettinganeducationindevelopingcountries.Povertyandotherproblemscomingwithitarenoteasytoovercome，butprogressisbeingmade.Comparedto40yearsago，thenumberofilliteratepeopleworldwidehasdroppedtosomedegree.[阅读障碍词]1．illiterateadj.不识字的2．challengen．挑战3．fundn．基金；资金4．curriculumn．课程[诱思导读]根据短文完成下面单句语法填空。1．Acollegestudent，livinginadeveloped(develop)country，mightfindthatwakingupinthemorningforan8：00amclassisthehardestthing.2．Achievingjustabasiceducation(educate)indevelopingcountriesisverychallenging.3．Povertyisthemainchallengeforpeoplegettinganeducationindevelopingcountries.4．Halfoftheworld'spopulationlives(live)on$2.50orlessperday.5．Afterfiveyearsofprimaryeducation，manychildrenindevelopingcountriesdropouttomake(make)anincome.SectionⅠWarmingUp，Pre-reading&ReadingⅠ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.hungerA．n.目标()2.incomeB．n.发展()3.povertyC．n.饥饿()4.developmentD．n.收入()5.measureE．n.贫穷()6.goalF．n.数字()7.humanG．vt.教育；培养；训练-3-()8.positionH．vt.测定；测量；评估()9.educateI．n.位置()10.figureJ．n.(与动物等对比的)人【答案】1－5CDEBH6－10AJIGFⅡ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思A．取得大的进步B．确保C．多达D．尽力E．在……顶端F．在……底部1．Uptotwohundredpeoplewereonboardtheship.2．Healwaysstudiedsohardthathemadegreatprogress.3．Putyournameatthetopofeachpage.4．Makesureyouclosethedoorbeforeyouleave.5．We'remakingeveryefforttomakeourenvironmentmuchcleanerandsafer.6．Putyournameandpresentaddressatthebottomoftheapplicationform.【答案】1－6CAEBDFTheHumanDevelopmentReportIntheyear2000，147worldleadersagreedtoworktogethertoreducepovertyby2015orearlier①.FromthisagreementcametheHumanDevelopmentReport.②人类发展报告在2000年，147位世界领导人达成协议，争取到2015年甚至更早些，共同合作来减少贫困。人类发展报告就出自这个协议。[助读讲解]①动词不定式短语toreducepovertyby2015orearlier在句中作目的状语。②该句是全部倒装结构，theHumanDevelopmentReport是句子的主语。OneofthemostimportantsectionsofthisreportistheHumanDevelopmentIndex(指数)．Thisexaminestheachievementsof175countries.TheIndexmeasuresacountry'sachievementsinthreeways：lifeexpectancy(预期数额)(howlongpeopleusuallylive)，educationandincome.Theindexhassomesurprises.Norwayisatthetopofthelist，whiletheUSisatnumber7.③Theothertopfivecountriesare:Iceland(2)，Sweden(3)，Australia(4)，theNetherlands(5)．TheUKisinthethirteenthposition，whileChinaisinthemiddleofthelist.ThebottomtencountriesareallAfricancountries，withSierraLeone(inWestAfrica)atthebottomofthelist④.该报告最重要的部分之一是人类发展的指数。这是对175个国家成就的检验。这项指标-4-从三个方面衡量一个国家的成就：寿命、教育和收入。这项指标显示了一些令人感到意外的情况。挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。其他排名前五的国家分别是：冰岛(2)，瑞典(3)，澳大利亚(4)，荷兰(5)。英国排在第十三位，而中国则排在名单的中间。处于末端的十个国家均是非洲国家，塞拉利昂(西非)排在最后。[助读讲解]③该句为并列句，while是并列连词表示对比关系。④withSierraLeone(inWestAfrica)atthebottomofthelist为with复合结构作状语。ThereportdescribeseightDevelopmentGoals.Themostimportantgoalsareto：●reducepovertyandhunger；●makesurethatallchildrenhaveeducationuptotheageof11⑤；●fightAIDSandotherdiseases；●improvetheenvironmentofpoorpeople，e.g.makesuretheyhavesafedrinkingwater；●encouragedevelopedcountriestogivemorehelptoothercountries.这个报告描述了8个发展目标。其中最重要的目标是：●减少贫困和饥饿；●确保达到11岁的孩子都能受教育；●抵抗艾滋病和其他疾病；●改善穷人的生活环境，例如确保他们喝到安全的饮用水；●鼓励发达国家给予其他国家更多的帮助。[助读讲解]⑤句中makesure后为宾语从句，从句多用一般现在时态，意为“确保……”。The2003HumanDevelopmentReportgivesexamplesofsuccessfuldevelopment.Forexample，innineyears(1953－1962)，Chinaincreasedlifeexpectancyby13years.InthelasttenyearsinChina，150millionpeoplemovedoutofpoverty.However，thechallengesarestillgreat.Everyday799millionpeopleindevelopingcountriesarehungry.OverhalfoftheseareinSouthAsiaorAfrica.Althoughmorethan80%ofch