2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 6 The Worlds Cultural Herit

-1-SectionⅢGrammar——虚拟语气和状语从句语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟①Theyhaverecommendedthatthesitebeclosedandrepaired.②Theyhavesuggestedthatthegeneralpublicbeencouragedtohelpwiththeproblem.③MaryspeaksasifshewereChinese.④It'shightimethatweshouldhave/hadarest.⑤Aslongasyou'vegotaraincoat，you'llbeOK.⑥Juststaywhereyouareanddon'tmove.⑦Heroasheis，hehassomeshortcomings.⑧Whateverhappens，you'regoingtohaveamarveloustime.1.①～④句中谓语动词均使用了虚拟语气，①②从句中用should＋动词原形，should可省略。2.⑤～⑧句中黑体部分分别引导条件、地点、让步、让步状语从句。3.由句⑦可知，as引导让步状语从句时，句子要采用倒装语序。4.句⑧中黑体部分除引导让步状语从句外，还可引导名词性从句。一、虚拟语气虚拟语气用于宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句中，常可表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等，其虚拟语气往往是由“(should＋)动词原形”构成。1．宾语从句中的虚拟语气(1)一般用法Thedriverdemandedthatallthepassengers(should)showtheirticketstohim.司机要求所有的乘客向他出示车票。[巧学助记]宾语从句中常用虚拟语气的动词口诀：一坚持：insist二命令：order，command三建议：advise，suggest，recommend四要求：require，request，demand，desireJane'spalefacesuggestedthatshewasill，andherparentssuggestedthat-2-she(should)haveamedicalexamination.简苍白的脸色暗示她生病了，她父母建议她做一下医疗检查。Sheinsistedthathewaswrongandthathe(should)apologizetoher.她坚持认为他错了，并且应该向她道歉。[名师点津]suggest表示“暗示；表明”，insist表示“坚持某种说法”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气。Herredfacesuggeststhatsheisalittleshy.她红红的脸蛋暗示她有点儿害羞。Heinsistedthathewasright.他坚持声称他是对的。(2)wish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句中谓语动词主要有三种形式：虚拟过去：从句谓语用“had＋过去分词”虚拟现在：从句谓语用一般过去时，be动词通常用were虚拟将来：从句谓语形式为“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”Wewishwehadstudiedmorehardwhenatschool.我们上学时能学习再努力一点就好了。IwishIweretaller.我的个子要是再高一点儿就好了。Iwishlcouldfly.我要是能飞就好了。Iwishhewouldtryagain.我希望他能再试一次。(3)wouldrather后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语主要有两种形式：虚拟现在或将来：did（be动词一般用were）虚拟过去：haddoneIwouldratheryoucametoseemetomorrow.我宁愿你明天来看我。Iwouldratheryouhadn'ttoldmethefact.我宁愿你没有告诉我实情。[即时演练1]用所给动词的适当形式填空①Theywishthatpriceswoulddecline(decline)．②Heorderedthatthestudents(should)wash(wash)theclotheseveryweekbythemselves.③I'dratheryoudidn'tmake(make)anycommentontheissueforthetimebeing.④Mymomsuggeststhatwe(should)eat(eat)outforachangethisweekend.-3-2．主语从句中的虚拟语气(1)在Itis/wassuggested(requested，required，ordered，proposed，decided，etc.)that...句型中，it是形式主语，从句常用虚拟语气，谓语为“(should＋)动词原形”。Itisrequiredthatthestudents(should)wearschooluniformsatschool.学校要求学生在学校必须穿校服。Itissuggestedthatparents(should)spendmoretimewiththeirchildren.人们建议父母应该花更多的时间和孩子在一起。(2)Itis/wasimportant/necessary/natural/strange/apity/nowonder...＋thatsb.shoulddo...Itisapitythatheshouldfailtopassthedrivingtest.真遗憾他竟然没有通过驾驶测试。Itwasnecessarythatwe(should)makeeverythingreadyaheadoftime.有必要事先做好准备。Itisimportantthateverypupil(should)beabletounderstandtherulesofschool.重要的是学生都能了解校规。[即时演练2]句型转换①Itisimportantforteenagerstolearnskills.→Itisimportantthatteenagersshouldlearnskills.②Peoplerequiredthattheearthshouldbeprotectedwell.→Itisrequiredthattheearthshouldbeprotectedwell.3．表语从句中的虚拟语气基本结构：(表建议、提议、命令、要求等的)名词＋be＋that＋主语＋(should＋)动词原形Thedoctor'sadvicewasthatyou(should)giveupsmoking.医生的建议是你应该戒烟。4．同位语从句中的虚拟语气基本结构：(表建议、提议、命令、要求等的)名词＋that＋主语＋(should＋)动词原形Whatdoyouthinkofmysuggestionthatwe(should)sendafewworkerstohelpothergroups?你认为我的那个我们应该派几个工人去帮助其他小组的建议怎么样？[名师点津]表语从句和同位语从句中，表示请求、要求、命令、建议等的名词有advice，desire，order，proposal，recommendation，request，requirement，suggestion，demand等。[即时演练3]单句改错-4-①Hisdemandisthatwewilldoourworkmorecarefully.will→should或去掉will②HisfathergaveanorderthathekeepsadiaryinEnglisheveryday.keeps→keep③Imadeasuggestionthathewillputanadvertisementinthelocalpaper.will→should或去掉will5．在asif/though引导的从句中的虚拟语气从句用过去时表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑从句用过去完成时表示对过去事实的假设Itseemsasifitwerespring.现在好像是春天似的。Sheappearedasifshehadknownnothingaboutit.她看上去对此一无所知。6．It's(high)time...句式中的虚拟语气在Itis(high)time...句式中，time后的从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用过去式或“should＋动词原形”。Itistimewedid/shoulddosomethingforourcountry.到了我们该为国家做点什么的时候了。Itishightimeyoucleaned/shouldcleantheclassroom.到了你该打扫教室的时候了。[即时演练4]用所给动词的适当形式填空①Theytalkedaboutthecityasthoughtheyhadbeen(be)therebefore.②Johnpretendsasifhedidn'tknow(notknow)thethingatall.③It'shightimethatwegot/shouldget(get)downtoourwork.二、状语从句状语从句是在复合句中作状语的从句，本单元主要讲的是地点状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句。1．地点状语从句地点状语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾，常用where，wherever等引导。Wherethereisnorain，farmingisdifficultorimpossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本是不可能的。Youcanstaywhereveryoulike.你可以待在任何你喜欢的地方。[名师点津]where表示特指的某个地方；wherever表示泛指任何地方。-5-2．条件状语从句条件状语从句可置于句首或句尾，常用if，unless，as/solongas，incase，onconditionthat等引导。Unlesssomeextramoneyisfound，thetheatrewillclose.要是不能额外弄一些钱，剧院就要关闭。Youcangoouttoplayaslongasyoustayinthebackyard.只要不出后院，你就可以出去玩。Incaseyouneedsomething，pleasedon'thesitatetoletmeknow.如果你需要什么东西，请告诉我，别客气。3．让步状语从句让步状语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾，常用(al)though，evenif/though，whether，while，“nomatter＋疑问词/疑问词­ever”等引导。Thoughtheroomsweresmall，theywerepleasantandairy.这些房间虽小，但舒适又通风。I'mcallingthedoctor，whetheryoulikeitornot.我要打电话叫医生来，不管你愿意还是不愿意。WhileIlikethecolour，Idon'tliketheshape.我虽然喜欢那颜色，但不喜欢那形状。[名师点津](1)“疑问词­ever”和“nomatter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时可以互换。Nomatterhow/Howeverlateheis，motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.无论他回来多晚，妈妈总是等着他一起吃晚饭。(2)as引导让步状语从句时，从句中的表语、状语或谓语部分的实义动词需提前至句首。作表语的单数可数名词前若有冠词需要省去。though引导的让步状语从句有时也可这样用。Tryhardashemay,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.＝Thoughhetrieshard，heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.虽然他尽了力，但他的工作总做得不尽如人意。[即时演练5]连词填空