2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 3 The Violence of Nature 单元

-1-单元质量检测（三）Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASometimes,kindnessisasimpleanswerinadifficultandchallengingworld.Whenmygranddaughter,Skylar,wasyoung,onedaywewentoutandhadacontestcalled“Whocanmakethemostpeoplesmile”.Andwecontinueittoday.Whenshopping,wewerewalkinginthesupermarketandnoticedsomeonewalkingdowntheaislewithherheaddown.Skylarwalkeduptoherandgaveherabigsmile.Iwatchedherwalkdowntheaisle,turnedaroundandsmiledatSkylaragainorperhapssmiledatsomeoneelse.Kindnessisachainthatpullsusalltogether.Everysingleactofkindnesshasarippleeffect(连锁反应).In2002,mydadhadaseriesofstrokesandotherillness.Mydadhadbeendoingnicethingsforallsortsofpeopleforyears,fromthestreetcrossingguard,tothewaitressinarestaurant,toafriend'smother.Thatsameday,Imadecookiesforthejanitor(门卫)atthepostoffice.WhenIgavehimthecookiesheactuallylookedalittleembarrassed.“Why,Linda?”heasked.“BecauseIappreciateyou!”Ianswered.“WhenIgethereat6amanditisstilldarkoutanditisalittlescary,IknowyouareinsideandIfeelsafe.AndwhenIfirstmovedhereandmypostofficeboxwasalwaysempty,youalwayscheeredmeon.Andyoualwayskeepthisplaceclean.”Thateveninghiswifecalledmeandsaidthathewasoverwhelmed(受宠若惊的).“Nooneevenknowshisname,letalonebakeshimcookies！”shesaid.语篇解读：作者告诉我们在这个世界上，善良是很多问题的解决方法。并列举了两个事例，以此告诉我们善良是可以被传递下去的。1.Whatwastheauthor'sattitudetothecontestinthesupermarket?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Curious.解析：选A推理判断题。根据文章第二段“wewerewalkinginthesupermarketandnoticedsomeonewalkingdowntheaislewithherheaddown”可知我们注意到一个人低头走路，情绪不高。“Skylarwalkeduptoherandgaveherabigsmile.Iwatchedherwalkdowntheaisle,turnedaroundandsmiledatSkylaragainorperhapssmiledat-2-someoneelse.”可知我的孙女走了过去给对方一个笑脸，然后对方的情绪也好转了，对别人微笑。我很高兴，这说明作者对此持积极认可的态度。故A正确。2.Fromthetext,whatcanweknowaboutthejanitor?A.Heledaverypoorlifeatthattime.B.Healwayswenttoworkaftersixo'clock.C.Hewasfondofbakingcookies.D.Hewaskindandgrateful.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后两句“AndwhenIfirstmovedhereandmypostofficeboxwasalwaysempty,youalwayscheeredmeon.Andyoualwayskeepthisplaceclean.”可知我刚搬来的时候，邮箱总是空的，这位门卫经常给我惊喜；还有他总是保持邮箱清洁，说明他很善良。再根据文章最后一段“Thateveninghiswifecalledmeandsaidthathewasoverwhelmed(受宠若惊的).”可知他妻子特地打电话过来表示感谢，也说明这位门卫有感恩之心。故D正确。3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Kindnesscanalwaysbepassedon.B.Anexperienceinasupermarket.C.Theimportanceofhavingakinddad.D.Smilemakesyourlifemeaningful.解析：选A主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Sometimes,kindnessisasimpleanswerinadifficultandchallengingworld.”作者告诉我们在这个世界上，善良可以解决很多问题。接着列举了我的孙女在超市里鼓励他人以及作者对门卫表示感谢两个事例，以此告诉我们善良是可以被传递下去的。故A正确。BTuYouyoutogetherwithWilliamCampbellandSatoshiOmurawonthe2015NobelPrizefortheirworkagainstparasitic(寄生虫)diseases.Irish-bornCampbellandJapaneseOmurawonhalfoftheprizefordiscoveringanewdrug,avermectin(除虫菌类),thathashelpedthebattleagainstriverblindnessandlymphaticfilariasis,(淋巴丝虫病)aswellasshowingeffectivenessagainstotherparasiticdiseases.TheChinesescientistTuYouyou,an85­year­oldfemalescientist,wasawardedtheotherhalfoftheprizeforthediscoveryofartemisinin(青蒿素),adrugcureformalaria(疟疾)thathassavedmillionsoflivesallovertheworld,especiallyinthedevelopingworld.-3-WhenthenewsbrokethatTuwontheNobelPrize,therewerecheersaswellasdoubts.Italsohashighlighteddifferencesinprize-awardingpracticesbetweenChinaandtheWest.SomesaidtheachievementwastheresultofcollectiveeffortsbylotsofChinesescientists,soitwasunfairtoawardtheprizeonlytoTu.Indeed,Chinesescienceawardsaremainlypresentedtoprojects,insteadofindividualscientists.ButWesternawardstendtohonorindividualscientistswhoarethefirsttocomeupwithanewideaormethod.LiZhenzhen,aresearcheroftheChinaAcademyofSciencessaidthattheWestbelievesthattheadvancementofsciencecomesfromindividuals'creativeminds.In1969,Tustartedtoholdagovernmentprojectaimedateliminatingmalaria.Tuandherteammatesexperimentedwith380extractsin2,000candidaterecipesbeforetheyfinallysucceededingettingthepuresubstanceqinghaosu,laterknownasartemisinin.In2011,TuwasawardedtheLaskerDebakeyClinicalMedicalResearchAward,commonlyreferredtoas“America'sNobelPrize”.语篇解读：本文主要叙述的是中国科学家屠呦呦获得诺贝尔医学奖的细节信息，并介绍了东西方在颁奖方面的一些差异。4.WhyTuYouyoucouldbeawardedtheNobelPrizefor?A.Becauseshediscoveredtheavermectin,adrugcureformalaria.B.BecauseshecontributedtothetraditionalChinesemedicine.C.Becauseshediscoveredtheartemisininwhichshowseffectivenessagainstotherparasiticdiseases.D.Becauseshehassavedmillionsoflivesforthediscoveryofartemisinin.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“TheChinesescientistTuYouyou,an85­year­oldfemalescientist,wasawardedtheotherhalfoftheprizeforthediscoveryofartemisinin(青蒿素),adrugcureformalaria(疟疾)thathassavedmillionsoflivesallovertheworld,especiallyinthedevelopingworld.”可知屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖是因为她通过发现青蒿素挽救了很多人的性命。故D正确。5.Whatisthedifferenceinprize-awardingpracticesbetweenChinaandtheWest?A.Chinesescienceawardsaremainlypresentedtoindividualscientists,insteadofprojects.B.Chinesebelievesthattheadvancementofsciencecomesfromindividuals'creativeminds.C.Westernawardstendtohonorindividualscientistswhoarethefirsttocomeupwithanewideaormethod.-4-D.Westernawardsarepresentedtobothindividualscientistsandprojects.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段“Indeed,Chinesescienceawardsaremainly