2020高考英语大二轮复习 冲刺经典专题 语篇部分 专题二 七选五 第2讲 段中类教学案

-1-第2讲段中类段中设空的题目即为主题句的展开句。此种类型要注意分析前后的逻辑性和内容的连贯性，注意句子之间的衔接手法。做题时，考生首先要依据信息词将选项进行排除，然后将剩下的可能答案逐一代入，看哪个选项能和设空处的前后内容达到语意连贯及逻辑通顺，从而最终确定最佳选项，得出答案。以下为依据逻辑关系去解题的常用方法：1并列或递进关系解题指导并列或递进关系是指后一句对前一句是一种顺承逻辑关系。常见的表示并列关系的标志性词语有first(ly),second(ly),third(ly),next/then,finally/last,firstofall,foronething,foranotherthing,some...others...,tobeginwith,toconclude等；常见的表示递进关系的标志性词语有also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,notonly...butalso...等。[典例](2016·全国卷Ⅱ)·RecallyourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.__39__—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown－upgarden.Havefun.C．It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmatters解析C空格前说“但那一点不重要”，由此可推测空格处会指出什么才是重要的，前后为顺承关系，因此C项(我们做园艺工作的体验才是重要的)，符合语境。2转折或让步关系解题指导转折或让步关系是指后一句对前一句构成逆转逻辑关系。常见表示转折或让步关系的标志性词语有but,however,nevertheless,still,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,instead,onthecontrary,incontrast,incomparison,bycomparison等。[典例](2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”.__36__Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.E．Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?解析E空格上一句的句意为：我们都是听着人们说的“出去呼吸点儿新鲜空气”长大-2-的，空格下一句的句意为：答案是肯定的。可知设空处应是针对去户外呼吸新鲜空气是否真有好处的一个问句。由此可判断E项(但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总说的那样对你有好处吗？)，与前一句构成转折关系，逻辑合理，符合语境。3因果关系解题指导因果关系是指后一句为前一句的结果(有时也为原因)。常见的标志性词语有so,therefore,thus,consequently,asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat,resultin/from,leadto,dueto,thanksto,owingto等。[典例](2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.__38__So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.A．Thiscanaffectyourwork.解析A根据空前“有时候你的心思不在工作上”，可知A项“这会影响你的工作”符合语境，两句之间为明显的因果关系。4例证关系解题指导例证关系是前后句的某句是为了证明或解释另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(观点到例子)。常见的标志性词语有forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords,thatis(tosay)等。[典例](2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.__37__Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”E．Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.解析E本题可利用例证关系解题，为从观点到例子的思维方式。空格后的句子是例子，E项(你可以拼写每个单词的第一个字母来隐藏信息)为观点。过关检测(限时：20分钟)(2019·甘肃兰州一诊)Whatisfriendship?Theanswersmaybedifferent.__1__.Wecannotlivewithoutfriendshipjustaswecannotlivewithoutairandwater.Friendshipgivesusafeelingofsafetyandwarmth,andfriendshipencouragesustogoaheadallthetime.__2__.Whenwefeelhappy，wecanshareourhappinesswithfriends.Whenwefeeldown,friendswillcomfortus.Ifweareoverconfident,ourfriendscanpersuadeus,andtheycanmakeusconfidentandbravewhenwearediscouraged.Friendshipisvaluable.Itcantouchyourheartandgiveyouhope.Manypeople-3-areproudofhavingagoodfriend.__3__.Ifyouhelpyourfriendsfornoreasonbutsimplybecausetheyareyourfriends,thismeansthatyouregardyourfriendsasyourself.Thisistruefriendship.Infact,friendshipisn'talwayseasilykept.__4__，youshouldtreathimorherlikeyouwanttobetreated.Keepthesecretsthatyourfriendtellsyou.Keepyourpromisewithyourfriend.Sharethingswithyourfriend.Stickupforyourfriend.Weshouldtryourbesttoprotectthefriendshipfrombeinghurt.Asanoldsayinggoes,“Friendshipcannotstandalwaysononeside.”Truefriendshipshouldbeabletostandallkindsoftests.Becauseoffriendship,ourlivesarefullofhappiness.Therefore,themorefriendswehave,themorepleasurewecansharewiththem.Let'ssay“Thankyou”toourfriendsfortheirloveandcare.__5__，neverforgettokeepthebeautifulfriendship!A．WhenyouwanttokeepafriendB．Ifnot,theirfriendshipstillcannotlastlongC．NomatterwherewegoorwhowebecomeD．EveryoneneedsfriendsandiseagertogetfriendshipE．TruefriendshipmustbesincereandmustnothaveconditionsF．ButonethingisclearthatfriendshipisthemostimportantthinginourlifeG．Sometimespeoplehavegoodfriendswhentheyareyoungandstudyinginschool篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。每个人都需要友谊，友谊在我们的日常生活中是最重要的，本文论述了友谊的内涵。1．F根据上文内容“什么是友谊？答案可能是不同的。”再根据空格下文内容“正如没有水和空气我们就不能生存一样，没有友谊我们不能生存。”可知，友谊在我们的日常生活中是最重要的。故选F。2．D根据下文内容“当我们感到愉快时，我们可以与朋友分享我们的幸福。当我们感到消沉，朋友将安慰我们。”可知，每个人都需要朋友，并且希望得到友谊。故选D。3．E根据下文内容“如果你毫无理由而只是因为他们是你的朋友你就帮助他们，这意味着你把你的朋友当成了你自己，这是真正的友谊。”可知，真正的友谊应该是真诚的，不应该有任何条件。故选E。4．A根据本句“________，youshouldtreathimorherlikeyouwanttobetreated(你应该像你想被对待的那样对待别人)”句式可知，先排除不含连词的D、E、F、G四项。而语意上A项(当你想要留住朋友的时候)与之相匹配。5．C根据本句“________，neverforgettokeepthebeautifulfriendship！(永-4-远不要忘记保持美丽的友谊)”句式可知，先排除不含连词的D、E、F、G四项。而语意上C项(不管我们去哪儿或我们会变成谁)与之相匹配。(2019·山东德州高三上期末)Everlookatsomeoftheolderpeopleinyourlifeandwonderwhatthesecrettotheirhappinessis.__1__Itisn'tthatthey'veuncoveredsomemysticalsecret,they'vemerelymadeabunchofsimpleliferealizationslaterinlife.Yetyoudonotneedtobeolderinordertosetsomenewrulesandboundaries.Thesesimpleruleswillhelpyoutoslowdownandenjoymoreofyoureverydaylife.