2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 WELCOME UNIT Section Ⅱ Grammar教

-1-SectionⅡGrammar简单句的八种基本句型一、主语＋谓语二、主语＋谓语＋状语特点：谓语动词是不及物动词，本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需接宾语，但有时后跟状语修饰动词。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。Therainstopped.雨停了。Thetimepassedquickly.时间过得很快。Theoldmanwalksintheparkeverymorning.-2-那个老人每天早上在公园里散步。三、主语＋系动词＋表语特点：动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语的身份、特征、类属、状态等的表语。系动词除了be动词之外，还有：①表示感官的动词：feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound等；②表示状态延续的动词：remain,stay,keep,continue等；③表示转变、变化的动词：become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow等。Mysisterisanurse.我姐姐是个护士。Ifeelquitehungry.我感觉很饿。Leavesturnyellowinautumn.秋天树叶变黄了。四、主语＋谓语＋宾语五、主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语特点：谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，其后必须要接一个宾语，即动作的承受者。作宾语的可以是：名词、代词、动词不定式、疑问词＋动词不定式、动词－ing形式和从句等。有时宾语后会接副词、介词短语、不定式等作状语。WearelearningEnglish.我们正在学习英语。Idon'tknowhowtogetthere.我不知道怎么去那儿。IliketostayathomeonSundays.星期天我喜欢待在家里。六、主语＋谓语＋双宾语特点：谓语动词后接有两个宾语，这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者，其中指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时，其前通常需要加介词for或to。Hermotherboughtheraskirt.她妈妈给她买了一条裙子。MrLitoldaninterestingstorytous.李先生给我们讲了一个非常有趣的故事。名师点津常跟双宾语的动词：①需借助于to的动词：bring，give，lend，hand，offer，pass，promise，return，send，show，teach，tell，write等；②需借助于for的动词：buy，call，cook，choose，draw，find，get，make，order，sing，-3-save，spare等。七、主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语特点：谓语动词后虽然已接有一个宾语，但意思还不完整，必须再加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。Thenewsmadeusverysad.那个消息令我们非常难过。Theteacheraskedustoanswerthequestion.老师叫我们回答那个问题。Iheardmynamecalled.我听到有人在叫我的名字。名师点津用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的结构。即：“主语＋谓语＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”。it作形式宾语，通常和下列动词连用：consider，think，make，find，believe，feel，guess，imagine，judge，prove，see，suppose，take等。八、Therebe结构特点：Therebe...意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。Therebe...属倒装结构，后面的名词是句子的主语。Therebe中的be有时可以是lie,stand,usedtobe,seemtobe,appeartobe等。Therearetwopeoplewaitingoutside.有两个人正在外面等候。Therehappenedtobenobodyaround.碰巧周围没有人。学习效果随堂演练Ⅰ.选出下列句子属于哪种句子结构①S＋V②S＋V＋O③S＋V＋P④S＋V＋IO＋DO⑤S＋V＋O＋OC⑥S＋V＋Ad⑦S＋V＋O＋Ad⑧Therebe...1．Timeflies.()2．Heenjoysreading.()3．Thesunkeepsuswarm.()4．Thedinnersmellsgood.()5．Theredsunrisesintheeast.()6．Thereare45studentsinourclass.()-4-7．ThisisanEnglish－Chinesedictionary.()8．Iwanttohaveacupofteaverymuch.()9．Wouldyoupleasepassmethedictionary？()10．Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.()答案：1.①2.②3.⑤4.③5.⑥6.⑧7.③8．⑦9.④10.④Ⅱ.选词填空takenotes，curiousabout，cometrue，lookforwardto，flashcard1．Drawapictureontheothersideofthe________togiveyouahint.答案：flashcard2．Hedrewouthisnotebookandbeganto________.答案：takenotes3．PleasetellyourbrotherthatIwill________meetinghim.答案：lookforwardto4．Ihavealwaysbeenalittle________whatgoesoninsidetheseplaces.答案：curiousabout5．Thedreamofgoingtoaseniorhighschool________already.答案：hascometrueⅢ.单句写作1．我们在昨天的课上分享了玛丽的学习策略。WesharedMary's__________________inyesterday'sclass.答案：learningstrategies2．没有你们组织的帮助，我们做不到。Wecan'tmakeit______________________.答案：withoutthehelpofyourorganisation3．孩子们都有非常不同的性格。Thechildrenallhavevery____________________.答案：differentpersonalities4．那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。Whenthegirlishappy,she______________________.答案：eithersingsordances5．我们都向往那一天：科学工作者能发现更多的宇宙秘密。Weall______________thedaywhenthescientistscandiscovermoresecretsoftheuniverse.-5-答案：lookforwardto课后课时作业Ⅰ完形填空IwasninewhenIarrivedattheChildren'sHomeinNashua,NewHampshire.Ifailedthirdgradethatyear,andbarely__1__itthroughasecondtime,andhadsqueakedthrough(侥幸通过)fourthgradebythetimeIreachedPaulineJambard'sfifth－gradeclassatCharlotteAvenueElementarySchool.Iwas__2__Iwasn'tasintelligentastheotherkids.__3__，MsJambardtookaninstantlikingtome.Ofallthe__4__inschool,readingwasmyfavorite.Shewouldtellme,“Terry,you__5__reading.Ifyoucanunderstandwhatyou'rereading,you'llbe__6__thanmostkids.”AfterIreadallthebooksinourprogram,Istartedreadingtheclassroom'ssetofEncyclopediaBritannica(《不列颠百科全书》).AndgraduallyIstartedtoreally__7__schoollife.That__8__，ourschoolthrewaChristmaspartyforfamilyandcommunitymembers.MybrotherandIhadnofamilyto__9__.IstillrememberlookingupandseeingMsJambardwalkthroughthefrontdoorand__10__shewastheretoseeme.Iwasdeeplymoved.Thatwasthe__11__Christmasofmylife!AfterIgraduatedfromMsJambard'sclass,mybrotherandI__12__，andIlostalltouchwithmyteacher.Yearslater,IwasonabusinesstripandhadtodrivethroughNashua.Itookachanceand__13__CharlotteAvenueElementarySchool.Iwaswalkingtowardher__14__whenshecameoutintothehallwayandsaid,“Terry！”ItwasasifIhad__15__left!Iwasinseventhheavenonmyflighthome.Wehavestayedin__16__，andIcallMsJambardatleastonceayear.Becauseofthe__17__sheinstilled(灌输)inme,Iwentontohavea__18__careerinengineering.Idon'tknowifMsJambardrealizeshowmuchshe__19__me,butI'llneverforgether__20__andfaithinme.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者小学五年级老师给作者关心和鼓励的故事。作者不知道老师是否意识到她对作者的帮助有多大，但是作者将永远不会忘记老师的好意和对自己的鼓励。1．A.orderedB．arrangedC．madeD．demanded答案：C根据上文的“Ifailedthirdgradethatyear”可知，作者第二次才勉强读完三年级。makeit意为“成功做到某事”。-6-2．A.gladB．convincedC．luckyD．satisfied答案：B由第一段中讲述的作者读了两次三年级，侥幸通过四年级的经历可推断，作者确信(convinced)自己没有其他孩子聪明。3．A.HoweverB．ThereforeC．OtherwiseD．Besides答案：A作者自认为自己不够聪明，然而(However)，老师很快对他产生了好感。therefore“因此”；otherwise“否则”；besides“此外”。4．A.ideasB．examplesC．factsD．subjects答案：D由下文的“readingwasmyfavorite”可知，在学校所有科目(subjects)中，作者最喜欢阅读课。5．A.stopB．forgetC．keepD．start答案：C由下文的“Ifyoucanunderstandwh