2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 Unit 4 History and traditions S

-1-Unit4Historyandtraditions带你了解世界著名大学——都柏林圣三一学院的历史与它的传统文化。Foundedin1592byQueenElizabethI,TrinityCollegeinDublinstandsalongsideOxbridgeamongthesevenancientuniversitiesinBritainandIreland.Theacademiccomplexisinfused①withserenity,despitebeinglocatedatthecentreofthecapitaljustacrossthestreetfromtheIrishHousesofParliament.Thecampus,spanning190,000squaremetres,featuresamixofoldcollegiate②architectureonthewestside,andmodernestablishmentsontheeast.ItwasrankedbyForbesasoneofthe15mostbeautifulcollegegroundsintheworldin2010.UpyourgameatthelibraryofTrinityCollege,thelargestresearchlibraryinIreland.Beingalegaldepositlibrary,itislegallyentitled③toacopyofeverybookpublishedinBritainandIreland,accountingforitsstaggeringvolumeofsixmillionprintedmaterialsincludinganextensivecollectionofmanuscripts,musicscoresandmaps.TheOldLibrary,amasterpieceofIrisharchitectThomasBurghwithinthelibrarycomplex,housesthepreciousBookofKellsandhasbecomeoneofthemostfrequentedtouristattractionsinthecountry.A65－metre－longmainchamberisadorned④withmarblebustsofphilosophersandwritersunderaluxuriousbarrel－vaultedceiling.【注】①infusev.使具有，注入(某特性)②collegiateadj.学院的③entitlev.使享有权利；使符合资格④adornv.装饰；装扮【立德树人】历史的美丽在于其经久不衰的底蕴和内涵(Thebeautyofhistoryliesinitsenduringculturalessenceandconnotation)，作为学生的我们，在未来的学习道路上也要取历史之长，继往开来(carryforwardthecausepioneeredbyourpredecessorsandforgeaheadintothefuture)!UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSSectionⅠListeningandSpeaking基础知识预习自检Ⅰ.重点词汇1．Confuciusn.孔子→TempleofConfucius孔庙→KongFamilyMansion孔府→CemeteryofConfucius孔林2．philosophyn.哲学→philosophern.哲学家3．individualadj.单独的；个别的n.个人→individuallyadv.单独地；个别地-2-4．Achilles'_heel(喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点5．pull_one's_leg开玩笑；开某人的玩笑6．fish_out_of_water如鱼离水，浑身不自在Ⅱ.教材原句1．Confuciusisoneofhis________________(最喜欢的哲学家)．答案：favouritephilosophers2．AsoneofConfucius'descendants，XiaoKong'snameisrecordedinthe________________(家谱)．答案：familytree3．XiaoKongisdoingresearchprojecton______________(孔子哲学)．答案：Confuciusphilosophy4．DachengHallisthe________________(最高的建筑物)inQufu.答案：tallestbuilding5．Therearenotallbuildings________________(在他的家乡)．答案：inhishometown6．Bothplaceshaveafamouspersonwho________________(出生在那里)．答案：wasbornthere重点知识合作探究1Confuciusn.孔子(教材P38)归纳拓展TempleofConfucius孔庙；夫子庙KongFamilyMansion孔府CemeteryofConfucius孔林ConfuciusInstitute孔子学院(非营利性公益机构)Confuciusculture孔子文化Confuciusphilosophy孔子哲学①ConfuciusisconsideredthegreatestoftheancientChinesesages.孔子被认为是古代中国最伟大的圣人。②The_Confucius_Templeislocated400meterstothesouthwestofYonghegongStation.孔庙位于永和宫站西南400米处。单句写作①孔子被认为是著名的哲学家。-3-________________agreatphilosopher.②孔子学院给外国人提供了学习普通话的地方。________________providetheplaceforforeignerstolearnmandarin.答案：①Confuciusisknownas②Confuciusinstitutes2AsoneofConfucius'descendants，XiaoKong'snameisrecordedinthefamilytree.(教材P38)作为孔子的后代之一，小孔的名字被记载在家谱上。剖析本句中as为介词，意为“作为”。归纳拓展as作为连词引导从句的用法：(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时，随着……”。(2)引导方式状语从句，意为“以……方式”。(3)引导原因状语从句，意为“由于”。(4)引导比较状语从句，多用于as...as...或notso/as...as...结构，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，它所引导的比较状语从句多使用省略形式。(5)引导让步状语从句，从句必须用倒装的形式，倒装时将表语(单数可数名词作表语时要省略冠词)、状语、谓语动词提前。另外：as也可用作关系代词引导定语从句，意为“正如，如同”。①Asyou'renotfeelingwell，youmaystayathome.由于你身体不好，你可以留在家里。②As_time_went_by,_shebecamemoreandmoreworried.随着时间的流逝，她越来越担心。③Youmustdoeverythingas_I_do.你必须照我做的样子去做所有事。④Idon'tspeakEnglishso/as_well_ashe(does)．我讲英语没有他讲得那么好。⑤Child_as_he_was,_heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.尽管他是个孩子，他却知道什么是该做的事情。⑥As_was_expected,_hesucceededinpassingtheexam.正如所预料的那样，他成功通过了考试。结合as的用法完成句子①我们最好快一点，因为天要黑了。-4-Wehadbetterhurry,________________.②尽管我很尊敬他，我不能同意他对情况的分析。Much_____________，Ican'tagreewithhisanalysisofthesituation.③据调查50%的病人没有遵照指示服药。Itissurveyedthat50percentofthepatientsdonottakedrugs__________.④随着时间的流逝，我母亲的头发变灰白了。________________，mymother'shairhasturnedgrey.答案：①asitisgettingdark②asIrespecthim③as(theyare)directed④Astimegoeson3Hishometowndoesn'tallow_other_buildings_to_bemorenoticeablethanthehistoricbuildings.(教材P38)他的家乡不允许其他建筑比这座历史建筑更引人注目。归纳拓展(1)allow...todo...允许……做……(2)allowforsb./sth.考虑到；估计到；把……计算在内(3)allowofsth.容许；使有可能①Youneverallowpersonalproblemstoaffectyourperformance.绝不要让个人问题影响你的表现。②Thechildrenarenot_allowed_to_watchviolentTVprogrammes.儿童不准收看含暴力内容的电视节目。③Howmuchmustweallow_fortheshrink?要留多少缩水长度？④Thefactsallow_ofonlyoneexplanation.这些事实只可能有一种解释。(1)单句语法填空①Ifyouwon'tletmepayforataxi,thenatleastallowme________(lend)yousomething.②Wemustallow________thetrainbeinglate.答案：①tolend②for(2)单句写作他的父母不会允许他在外面待得很晚。Hisparentswon't________________late.答案：allowhimtostayout-5-4individualadj.单独的；个别的n.个人(教材P39)归纳拓展(1)individualresume个人简介；个人简历individualaccount个人账户individualcharacter独特性；个性；个性人物(2)individuallyadv.单独地；个别地①(2019·北京高考)Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.大多数人认为组建一支优秀的团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有才华的人。②Thecompetitionisopentobothteamsandindividuals.团队和个人均可参加比赛。③Youcanopenoneindividual_account.你可以开一个个人账户。④We'dbettergoinagroup,notindividually.我们最好集体去，不要单个儿去。单句写作①每个人的学习方式都不一样。________________learnsdifferently.②我们采访了社区中的每个成员。Weinterviewedeach________________ofthecommunity.③这家旅馆有100个设计各不相同的房间。Thehotelhas100________________________.答案：①Everyindivid