2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 Unit 4 Friends forever Period Ⅱ

-1-PeriodⅡUsinglanguage——Grammar&VocabularyGrammar(定语从句1)课前自主预习[观察句子，总结规律]①Thedigitalagealsoenablesustofindpeoplewhoshareourinterests,suchascollectingmodelcarsorplayinganunusualinstrument.②Onsocialmediasites,peopletendtopostonlygoodthingsthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.③Bornin476BC,hecamefromafamilywhichwasverypoor.④DoyouknowthegirlwhoseEnglishisexcellent?⑤Thewoman(whom)yousawjustnowisourteacher.⑥Nowadays,wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwiththepeople(that)wewanttoremainfriendswith.[我的发现]通过观察可知：(1)句①②③中画线部分的引导词是关系________，均在定语从句中充当________，________省略。(2)句④画线部分的引导词是关系________，在定语从句中充当________，________省略。(3)句⑤⑥画线部分的引导词是关系________，在定语从句中充当________，________省略。答案：(1)代词；主语；不可(2)代词；定语；不可(3)代词；宾语；可以精讲课时语法1.定语从句的定义与分类-2-在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。前者紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；后者主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。2．关系代词的用法(1)who的用法：who指人，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。Thereisagirlwhowantstoseeyou.有个女孩儿想见你。(2)whom的用法：whom指人，在从句中作宾语，此时也可用who代替。Theoldmanwho/whomyousawyesterdayisathinker.你昨天见到的那位老人是位思想家。(3)whose的用法：whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。它可以转化为“the＋名词＋ofwhich/whom”和“ofwhich/whom＋the＋名词”的形式。Thisisthescientistwhose_nameisknownalloverthecountry.＝Thisisthescientistthe_name_of_whomisknownalloverthecountry.这就是那位全国知名的科学家。Pleasepassmethebookwhose_coverisgreen.＝Pleasepassmethebookthe_cover_of_whichisgreen.请递给我那本绿色封面的书。(4)that和which的用法①which指物，that既可指人也可指物；它们在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，which和that在从句中作宾语时可以省略。Pleasefindaroomwhich/thatisbigenoughforallofustolivein.请找一间足够大能住下我们所有人的房间。Thisisthehouse(which/that)weboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。Thisisthethief(that)wehavebeenlookingforthesedays.这就是我们近日来一直在找的小偷。②在限制性定语从句中，关系代词指物时只能用that而不用which的情况a．当先行词是all,little,few,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等词时。Canyougivemeanything_thathasnosugarinside?-3-能不能给我点儿里面没有糖的东西？b．当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。Thisisthe_firsttwo­storeybusthatrunsinourcity.这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。Guilinisthe_most_beautifulcitythatIhaveevervisited.桂林是我游览过的最美丽的城市。c．当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,theright等修饰时。Thisisthe_veryscarfthatmotherhasbeenlookingfor.这就是妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。d．当先行词既有人又有物时。Canyoutellmethe_people_and_events_thatyousawinBritain?你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和事吗？③句中其他位置已出现与关系代词相同的疑问词时，应避免重复。Whichisthecarthathasovertakenus?哪辆车超过我们了？单句语法填空1．Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose________aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.答案：who2．Theletter________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommyfather.答案：that/which3．Theperson________youmetyesterdayisanhonestman.答案：whom/who/that4．Thiskindofbookisforchildren________nativelanguageisFrench.答案：whose5．October1,1949istheday________we'llneverforget.答案：that/which6．Itwastheverybook________Iwassavingupmoneytobuy.答案：that7．Theyweretalkingaboutpersonsandthings________theyremembered.答案：that8．Whoisthewoman________issweepingtheflooroverthere?答案：that-4-Vocabulary1patiencen.耐心(P42)归纳拓展(1)havepatiencewith对……有耐心losepatiencewith对……失去耐心(2)patientadj.耐心的n.病人bepatientwith对……有耐心(3)patientlyadv.耐心地①Youshouldhave_patience_withchildren.对待孩子要有耐心。②Hegaveupintheendforlosing_patience_withthetask.最终他因为对这项任务失去耐心而放弃了。③Thedoctoris_very_patient_withhispatients.那位大夫对病人十分有耐心。④Whenwemakemistakes,shealwaystellsuswherewearewrongkindlyandpatiently.当我们犯错时，她总是亲切和耐心地告诉我们错在哪里。(1)单句语法填空①Theoldgrannytalkedendlessly,butwelistenedtoherwithgreat________(patient)．②Iamwaiting________(patient)formyturntobuyaticket.答案：①patience②patiently(2)一句多译他只不过是个小孩子，所以你必须对他耐心点。①Heisjustasmallchild,soyoumust__________________him.②Heisjustasmallchild,soyoumust__________________him.-5-答案：①bepatientwith②havepatiencewith2anxiousadj.焦虑的，不安的(P42)归纳拓展(1)beanxiousfor渴望得到……beanxiousabout为……担心/忧虑beanxioustodosth.渴望/急于做某事(2)anxiouslyadv.焦急地，忧虑地，渴望地(3)anxietyn.焦虑，忧虑，担心①Weare_anxious_forthenewsofyoursafearrival.我们渴望得到你安全到达的消息。②Sheis_anxious_togotocollegenow,butanxious_aboutnotpassingthecollegeentranceexamination.她现在渴望上大学，但又担心不能通过高考。易混辨析：eager，anxiouseager强调“对成功的期望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的意思anxious强调“担心”或“焦虑”，对结果感到不安(1)选词填空(eager/anxious)ZhouYangis________toknowtheresultoftheexam,forhe's________tobeadmittedintotheuniversity.答案：anxious;eager(2)单句语法填空①Thedroughthadlastedseveralmonthsanditmadefarmersanxious________theharvest.②IwastoldtheLearningCenterprovideshelpforstudentsandI'manxious________(get)helpfromyou.③Afterthecollegeentranceexamination,thestudentswereallwaiting________(anxious)fortheresultstobepublished.④Musicseemedtoquiether________(anxious)andloneliness.答案：①about②toget③anxiously④anxiety3distancev.使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系n.距离，间隔，远处(P43)归纳(1)distanceyourself/sb./sth.(fromsb./sth.)与……保持距离/疏远-6-拓展(2)inthedistance在远处at/fromadistance稍远处；隔一段距离atadistanceof在……的距离keepone'sdistancefrom与……保持一定的距离(3)distantadj.遥远的注意：对distance“距离”提问应用what。巧学助记①Youcanseetheancientruinsin_the_distance.你在远处可以看到古代的废墟。②Thepicturelooksbetterat_a_distance.那幅画隔一段距离看更好看。③Wesawthemwavingtousat_a_distance_oftwohundredmeters.我们在相距200米处就看到他们在向我们招手示意。④Whendriving,youmustkeep_your_distance_fromthecaraheadofyours.开车的时候，一定要和你前面的车保持一定距离。单句语法填空①Wecanclearlyseetheredflag________thedistance.②Thestudentswerecarefultokeeptheirdistance_______