2019-2020学年新教材高中英语 Unit 2 Making a difference Sect

-1-SectionⅡStartingout&Understandingideas1．contributev．贡献，处理，投稿→contributionn．贡献2．shortadj.短的，不足的；矮的→shortagen．短缺，不足，缺乏3．effectn．影响，效果，作用→effectiveadj.有效的，产生预期效果的4．recyclev．再利用，回收利用→recycledadj.回收再利用的5．earnv．挣(钱)→earnern．挣钱者6．donatev．捐赠，捐献→donationn．捐款，捐赠；捐赠物7．realadj.实际的，真实的→realityn．真实，现实1．contributionn．捐款；定期缴款；贡献；促成作用；稿件①AllcontributionsfortheMayissuemustbereceivedbyFriday.稿件②Hemadeaverypositivecontributiontothesuccessoftheproject.贡献③Thesemeasureswouldmakeavaluablecontributiontowardsreducingaccidents.促成作用④Thefactorystillhandsinmonthlycontributionsforthelaid­offworkers.定期缴款⑤Afterheearnedalargeamountofmoney，hemadeacontributiontocharity.捐款2．welladv.很好地；充分地adj.情况良好的；健康的n.井①Theconferencewasverywellorganized.很好地②Thefarmerdugawellinhisbackyardtogetcleanwater.井③Thesurfacemustbewellpreparedbeforeyoustarttopaint.充分地④Idon'tfeelverywellsoIdon'tgoshoppingwithyou.健康的⑤Asweallknow，alliswellthatendswell.情况良好的WordsAndPhrases知识要点1contributionn．贡献；捐赠；投稿(教材P13)thecontributionthesepeoplemadetosociety这些人为社会所做出的贡献-2-[例1]Allcontributionswillbegratefullyreceived.我们对所有捐资表示感谢。[例2]Theschoolseesitsjobaspreparingstudentstomakeacontributiontosociety.这所学校以培养学生为社会做贡献为己任。[造句]他们在书中没有提及她的贡献。Theydidn'tmentionhercontributioninthebook.[知识拓展](1)makeacontribution/contributionsto对……做出贡献(2)contributev.捐赠；捐献；贡献；促成；导致；投稿contribute...to...把……捐献给……；给……投稿contributeto...做出贡献；有助于；导致[即学即练]单句语法填空①Overeatingandlackofregularexerciseeasilycontributetooverweightandhighbloodpressure.②Wecontributed￡5，000totheearthquakefund.[小片段填空]ManypeoplecontributedmoneytoProjectHope，whichcontributedtomanychildrenreturningtoschool.Ateacherwroteanarticleaboutthisandcontributedittoanewspaper.Suchcontributionmadeusfeelexcited.许多人给希望工程捐钱，使许多孩子重返校园。一位老师据此写了一篇文章并向报社投了稿。这种捐献让我们很激动。知识要点2reliefn．减轻，缓解(教材P13)Theamountofreliefandcomfortexperiencedbythesickaftertheskinhasbeencarefullywashedanddried，isoneofthecommonestobservationsmadeatasickbed.病人在仔细清洗和干燥皮肤后所感受到的宽慰和舒适程度，是在病床上最常见的观察结果之一。[例1]Streetmusicgiveslifetoeveryonewholistensandoffersrelieffromthecareoftheday.但是街头音乐赋予了每位倾听者以活力，让人们减轻了生活的烦恼。[例2]IfeltgreatreliefwhenIheardIhadpassedtheexamination.当我听说我考试通过的时候，我感到轻松多了。-3-[造句]能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。Itwasarelieftobeabletotalktosomeoneaboutit.[知识拓展]toone'srelief使某人欣慰的是relievev.解除，减轻[即学即练]单句语法填空①Muchtoherrelief，shesawthedooropen.②Shelongedforsomethingtorelieve(relief)thetirednessofeverydaylife.知识要点3undercontrol在控制中；情况正常(教材P13)...it'sthebestsmileintheworld；andthere'snobodyhurt，andthewell'sundercontrol.……它是世界上美好的微笑；无人受伤并且油井得以控制。[例1]Ifthecurrentviolenceistobebroughtundercontrol，thegovernmentneedstoact.政府必须采取行动，才能使目前的暴力行为得到控制。[例2]Ifourneighborcontinuestorefusetokeephisdogundercontrol，wehavetotakehimtocourt.如果我们的邻居继续拒绝对他的狗加以控制，我们就不得不控告他了。[造句]幸运的是，消防员一来到大火就控制住了。Luckily，thebigfirewasundercontrolassoonasthefirefighterscame.[知识拓展]“under＋n.”表示正在进行的动作或表示被动意义，其中名词前不用冠词。underconstruction正在建设中underrepair在修理中underdiscussion在讨论中undertreatment正在接受治疗[即学即练]单句语法填空①Therearefourundergroundlinesinthiscity，andseverallinesareunderconstruction.②Thequestionunderdiscussion(discuss)isabouteducationofpreschoolchildren.知识要点4shortagen．短缺，不足，缺乏(教材P14)Freshwatershortage(lessthan1，000m3/capita/year)淡水短缺(不到1000立方米/人/年)-4-[例1]Thereisnoshortageofthingstodointhetown.城里不愁找不到活儿干。[例2]Shortageofhandshasreducedourfactory'syearlyoutput.人手不足已使我们厂的年产量减少。[造句]张先生似乎认为他的工厂存在劳动力不足的现象。MrZhangseemstobelievethereisashortageofworkers.[知识拓展]shortadj.短的；不足的；矮的，低的beshortfor简称，缩写beshortof缺少……[即学即练]单句语法填空①PRCisshortforthePeople'sRepublicofChina.②Weareshortofhands(hand)rightnow.[小片段填空]WHOisshortforWorldHealthOrganization，whichisdevotedtohelpingimprovetheworld'shealthcondition.Butnowitisshortofenoughexperiencedmedicalworkers.Anditalsofindstheshortageoffreshwatermadethelivingconditionsworseinsomecountries.WHO是世界卫生组织的简称，该组织主要致力于改善全世界的健康状况。但是现在它缺乏足够多有经验的医务人员。并且它发现淡水的缺乏使一些国家的生活条件更差。知识要点5earnvt.挣(钱)(教材P14)Atfirst，hisplanwastoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.起初，他的计划是赚些钱在非洲某个地方打一口井。[例1]Howmuchdoesacookearninyourcountry?在你们国家，一位厨师能挣多少钱？[例2]IwanttoearnalotofmoneywhenIgrowup.长大后，我想挣大钱。[造句]他工作很努力，但钱赚得不多。Heworkshard，buthedoesnotearnmuchmoney.[知识拓展]earnmoney＝makemoney挣钱earnone's/aliving谋生earnone'sfame/areputation赢得名声[即学即练]单句语法填空-5-①Howdoessheearnher(she)livingaftersheleftherfamily?②Hehasearned(earn)agoodreputationasateachersincehegraduated.[小片段填空]Aftergraduatingfromcollege，hedecidedtobeadoctorinasmallmountainvillage.Althoughhedidn'tearnmuchmoney，heearnedagreatreputationamongthevillagers.Atfirst，hisparentswonderedhowheearnedhislivingonsuchlittlemoneybutgraduallytheyunderstoodhim.大学毕业后，他决定去一个小山村当医生。尽管挣钱不多，但是他在村民中声誉很好。开始他的父母很疑惑他靠那一点钱怎么谋生，但是逐渐地他们理解了他。知识要点6giveup放弃，停止(教材P15)Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney，butRyandidn'tgiveup.两千美元是一大笔钱，但是瑞恩没有放弃。[例1]Thefollowingaresomeideastohelppeopletogiveupsmoking.下面是一些帮助人们戒烟的方法。[例2]Shewillgiveupthisjourneyiftheweatherisn'tsosatisfying.如果天气不那么让人满意，她将放弃这次旅行。[造句]没有人能让他放弃他当篮球运动员的梦想。Noonecanmakehimgiveuphisdreamofbecomingabasketballplayer.[知识拓展]givein(to)屈服(于)giveout分发；用光；放出giveaway赠送；泄露[即学即练]单句语法填空①Canyougiveoutthepaperstothestudentspr