高考英语复习专题 现在分词、过去分词作定语、状语、宾补的区别

现在分词、过去分词作定语、宾语补足语、状语时的区别（一）现在分词\过去分词作定语的区别.Themobilephonelyingonthedeskbelongstome.=Themobilephonewhichislyingonthedeskbelongstome.（themobilephone和lie为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）Theinjuredsufferingfromtheshockinthetrafficaccidentwerelyinginthehospital.=Theinjuredwhosufferedfromtheshockinthetrafficaccidentwerelyingthehospital。（theinjured和suffer为主谓关系，即主动关系，故用现在分词）Thehousebuilt50yearsagowillbepulledsoon.=Thehousewhichwasbuilt50yearsagowillbepulledsoon.（thehouse和build为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）Themobilephonelaidonthedeskbelongstome.=Themobilephonewhichislaidonthedeskbelongstome.（themobilephone和lay为动宾关系，即被动关系，故用过去分词）小试牛刀:1.Thestudent________________(speak)totheteachernowisourmoniter.2.Theproblem_______________(discuss)yesterdayisofgreatimportance.3.Themachine________________(repair)yesterdayisbrokenagain.4..Theguests________________(invite)tothemeetingwereallspecialists.5.Chinaisacountry_______________(belong)tothe3rdworld.6.Helivesinthehouse_______________(face)thenorth.7.Thetemple________________(stand)onthetopofthehillwasbuilt500yearsago.8.Thestudents________________(want)tojointheclubwillgatheratthegate.9.Thecar____________________(make)inJapanisofhighquality.10.Acheckingdelegation(代表团)______________(consist)of5peoplearevisitingourschool.Acheckingdelegation(代表团)_____________(make)upof5peoplearevisitingourschool.11.Thestudent________________(focus)onhislessonisbestinourclass.Thestudent_______________(lose)inhislessonisbestinourclass.12.Canyouseetheboy_________________(dress)inaredshirt?Canyouseetheboy__________________(wear)aredshirt?13.Thestudents____________________(sit)inRowIseetheblackboardclearlyThestudents__________________(seat)inRowIseetheblackboardclearly.14.Thecountry_____________(lie)totheeastofShandongPeninsula(半岛)isSouthKorea.Thecountry_____________(locate)totheeastofShandongPeninsula(半岛)isSouthKorea.(辅助信息:Ourschoolislocatedinthecentreofthetown)（二）现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别find，make，feel，keep，leave，have，see，observe，notice，watch，hear。。。但其中make，have，see，observe，notice，watch，hear后也可：V+O+dosth。Canyouhearsomebodysinginginthenextroom?（宾语somebody和sing为主谓关系，故用现在分词）IoftenhearthissongsunginEnglish.（宾语thissong和sing为动宾关系，故用过去分词）Heletoutmysecret.Hemadeitknowntoall.（宾语it和know为动宾关系，故用过去分词）Ihavehadmyheartexamined.（宾语myheart和examine为动宾关系，故用过去分词）Whenshesawhissonsittinginthelastrow,shefeltverydisappointed.(宾语hisson和sit为主谓关系，故用现在分词）Whenshesawhersonseatedinthelastrow,shefeltverydisappointed.（seatvt.使sb坐下，herson是seat逻辑宾语，即为动宾关系，故用过去分词。辅助信息：Hersonwasseatedintherow）Ifoundhimfocusingonhisbook,soIdidn’tdisturbhim.（宾语him和focus为主谓关系，故用现在分词）Ifoundhimlostinhisbook,soIdidn’tdisturbhim.（辅助信息:Hewaslostinhisbook,故用过去分词）试试看:1.Pleasespeakloudlytomakeyourself________________(hear)clearly.2.Don’tleave\have\keephim_______________(stand)intherain.3.Findinghiscar_______________(run)beyondthespeed,thepolicemangavehimaticket.4.Healwayskeepshisbox_______________(lock)5.Heisabsent.Heishavinghishouse________________(repair).6.Inoticedalltheeyes______________(look)atthestarwhensheappearedatthestage.7.Inoticedalltheeyes______________(fix)uponthestarwhensheappearedatthestage.8.Ifeelmyheart_________________(beat)fast.9.WhenIfoundmyself________________(laugh)at,Ibecameangry.（三）现在分词、过去分词作状语的区别：在句首的分词相当于时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句；在句末的分词常作伴随状语、方式状语、结果状语、不能改成从句.如：Seenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.=Whenitisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.Seeingtheearthfromspace,wewillfinditblue.=Whenweseetheearthfromspace,we’llfind...Devotinghimselftoeducation,hewasgivenamedal.=Ashedevotedhimselftoeducation,he…Devotedtoeducation,hewasgivenamedal.=Ashewasdevotedtoeducation,he……Shesatatthedesk,focusingonthelesson.Shesatatthedesk,lostinthelesson.试试看：1.__________________(give)moretime,wecandotheworkbetter.2.__________________(give)usmoretime,youcangetabetterresult.3._________________(lose)mykey,Icouldn’tentermyroom.4__________________________(notreceive)hisletter,Idecidedtoanother.5.____________________(dress)inaredshirt,heiseasytofindfromthecrowd.6.___________________(wear)aredshirt,heiseasytofindfromthecrowd.7.__________________(concentrate)onhisnewspaper,hedidn’tnoticemyarrival.8.__________________(absorb)inhisnewspaper,hedidn’tnoticemyarrival.9.__________________(compare)himwithyou,Ithinkyoulucky.10._________________(compare)withhim,youarelucky.11.__________________(recognize)asathief,hewascaughtalive.12.__________________(find)themanstealingmywallet,Icalledthepolice.13.Once___________________(find)smokingintheoffice,youwillbefined.14.Though_________________(invite),Iwon’tattendhisparty.15.TheoldmanneverspeaksUnless__________________(speak)to.16.Hewasforcedtoleavehishome,__________________(decide)nevertoreturn.17.Hewasforcedtoleavehishome,_________________(determine)nevertoreturn.18.Theprofessorcameintotheclassroom,_______________(follow)hisstudents.19.Theprofessorcameintotheclassroom,_______________(follow)byhisstudents.20.Abeggardiedofcold,_________________(leave)hisbodyexposed.Abeggardiedofcold,_________________(dress)innothing.Abeggardiedofcold,_________________(wear)nothing.Abeggardiedofcold,__