自学考试复习专题：英语（二）

、1第一部分阅读理解1.1阅读判断1.1.1常考题型1.1.2解题步骤阅读判断正确1.概括型（题干对原文对应内容的概括总结）1.快速阅读全文，尽可能理解文章大意并记忆关键信息点，可适当做标记。2.阅读题目，找出题目的关键词，带着关键词回到原文去查找相关的内容。3.按照题目顺序答题，这样有助于理清文章的写作思路。注意：1.判断正误。文章中明确表达出来的内容才能作为答题依据，切不可主观臆断。2.未提及的题目。看起来是正确的，但是文章却并未提及，考生需要留意区别“错误”和“文中未提及”这两类选项，不可混为一谈。3.出题顺序。大部分都是按照课文句子顺序出题，（如：第一题对应原文第一句或第二句，以此类推），做题时一定不要通篇找。2.推断型（通过对原文内容的理解，推测出题干所表达的内容）错误1.混淆事实与理论型强调人们对某事物的一种“理论”或“感觉”时，常有feel,consider及theory等词。强调一种“事实”或“已被证明”时，常有fact及prove等词。2.反意型（提干与原文所表达意思相反）未提及误导型（看起来是正确的，但是文章却并未提及）真题演练（1510全国卷）：BlackFridayEveryonelikestoshopforgiftsfortheholidayseason,butfewpeopleknowthehistoryofholidayshopping.WhilepeoplehaveheardofBlackFriday,mostdonotknowitsorigins.BlackFridayisthedayafterThanksgiving(感恩节).Onthisdaymostretailstoresopentheirdoorsveryearly.Someasearlyas4am.Inaddition,theyprovidetheircustomerswithgreatdiscountsonproducts.Withthisinmind,itiscleartoseewhysomanyshoppersbuymanyoftheirChristmasgiftsonBlackFriday.BlackFridayisnotasoldasmanypeoplethink.Infact,itisbelievedthatthefirstBlackFridaywasheldinthe1970sintheUSA.Itwasadaywhenstoresdecidedtomarkthestartoftheholidayseason.Inordertodrawmorecustomers,theyofferedgreatdiscounts.Allproductssoldverywell.ThislargesuccessresultedinthenameBlackFriday.Itwassonamedbecausethestoreswere“intheblack”.Thisfinancialtermmeansthestoresmadealotofmoney.However,itwasnotuntilaround2002thatBlackFridayreallystartedtogaininpopularity.TodayintheUSA,countlessadvertisersproudlyannouncetheirBlackFridaysales.Theyhopetoattractshoppersintotheirstores.BlackFridayisadaywhenmanyshoppersintheUSAgooutandbuygifts,eventhoughChristmasEveisstillamorepopulardaytoshop.ThankstotheInternet,itisnowpossibletogetsomeexcellentBlackFridaydealsonline.Soifyoudon’twanttogettothestoresby4am,thisistheperfectwaytostillgetitemsatreducedprices.1.ManypeopleknowthehistoryofBlackFriday.A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven2.MoststoresopentheirdoorsforbusinessveryearlyonBlackFriday.A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven3.CustomersgetbetterserviceonBlackFriday.A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven4.BlackFridaystartedintheUSA.A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven5.TheholidayseasonendsonBlackFriday.A、TrueB、False、2C、NotGiven6.“Intheblack”isafinancialterm.A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven7.BlackFridayisnolongerpopular.A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven8.PeopleliketoshoponlineonChristmasEve.A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven9.ItispossibletogetBlackFridaydiscountonline.A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven10.Thingsaresoldattheirlowestpricesat4am.A、TrueB、FalseC、NotGiven答案+解析：答案：B、A、C、A、B、A、B、C、A、C解析：1.原文第一段“WhilepeoplehaveheardofBlackFriday,mostdonotknowitsorigins。”意为当人们听到黑色星期五时，很多人不知道它的起源。可知题干错误，故选B。2.原文”BlackFridayisthedayafterThanksgiving(感恩节).Onthisdaymostretailstoresopentheirdoorsveryearly.“黑色星期五在感恩节后的一天，在这一天很多商店营业特别早。可知题干正确，故选A。3.原文”theyprovidetheircustomerswithgreatdiscountsonproducts.“意为商家给顾客很大的商品折扣，但没提到服务方面，故选C。4.原文”Infact,itisbelievedthatthefirstBlackFridaywasheldinthe1970sintheUSA.“意为事实上，第一个黑色星期五是从20世纪70年代在美国开始的，可知题干正确，故选A。5、原文”Infact,itisbelievedthatthefirstBlackFridaywasheldinthe1970sintheUSA.Itwasadaywhenstoresdecidedtomarkthestartoftheholidayseason.“意为事实上，第一个黑色星期五是从20世纪70年代在美国开始的。商店们决定就在这天开始这个节日。可知题干错误，故选B。6.原文“Itwassonamedbecausethestoreswereintheblack.Thisfinancialtermmeansthestoresmadealotofmoney.”可知”intheblack“是一个金融术语。7.原文“BlackFridayisadaywhenmanyshoppersintheUSAgooutandbuygifts,eventhoughChristmasEveisstillamorepopulardaytoshop.”意为虽然圣诞节前夕是一个更流行逛街的日子，但是在黑色星期五这天在美国仍然有很多人出去买礼物。8.原文“BlackFridayisadaywhenmanyshoppersintheUSAgooutandbuygifts,eventhoughChristmasEveisstillamorepopulardaytoshop.”中提到人们在圣诞节前夕购物，但并没有提到在网上购物。故选C。9.原文“ThankstotheInternet,itisnowpossibletogetsomeexcellentBlackFridaydealsonline.”意为多亏了网络，黑色星期五的时候人们才可能在网上也得到很好的折扣。可知题干正确，故选A。10.文中并没有提到4点的时候商品是最低售价。1.2阅读选择1.2.1细节题分类直接理解题（能直接找到对应原文）词义转换题（需对原文细节进行词义句义转换）常见题干以what，who，when，how，where等引导的问题。Eg：①Whatdoweknowabout...？②Whyis...？③Howmany...inthistext？⑥Accordingtothetext，who...、3解题步骤Step1:阅读题干，判断题型Step2:找出关键词，回归原文定位Step3:对比原文和选项，得出正确答案真题演练Theboyranbackintothestoreto_______.(201404)A、doextrashoppingB、expresshisthanksC、returnthemoneyD、takehisbagout答案：B考点：细节题解析：文中倒数第三句“Insteadofrunningtothecar,heranbackintothestoreandcalledout,“Thankyou!”，关键词“Thankyou!”知小男孩回商店表达了感谢。1.2.2主旨题分类确定文章的标题和主题(titleortopic)主题句（topicsentence）及主旨大意(mainidea)的概括常见题干1)Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe________.2)Thetext(passage)couldbeentitled______.3)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?4)What’sthetopicofthearticle?1)Whatisthetopicsentenceofthepassage?2)Thisarticle/text/passagemainlytellsthat_________.3)Whichofthefollowinggivesageneralideaofthepassage?4)Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?解题方法1.看标题是否与主题密切相关，2.看标题是否能概括全文内容，3.注意标题范围不应太大或太小，4.标题应简练并能吸引读者。即:1、独特新颖2、概括性强3、短小精炼1.寻找文中是否有相应原句，应多注意文章的开首段和结尾段2.其次如果没有,则应根据文章内容自行总结,注意主题句切忌范围过大或过小真题演练Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?（全真模拟五）A.Electriceelsarepotentiallydangerous.B.Biologyandelectricityappeartobecloselyrelated.C.Peoplewouldbeatalosswithoutelectricity.D.Scientistsstillhavemuchtodiscoveraboutelectricity.答案：D统观全文可知，文章用了大量的篇福介绍生物和电流的密切关系因此选B。Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?（考前冲刺）Itiseasiertostudymedicinethanmusic.Pain