研究生英语阅读教程(基础级3版)课文答案翻译

Lesson1II.TranslationPutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese.1.ForEnglishisakiller.ItisEnglishthathaskilledoffCumbric,Cornish,NornandManx.TherearestillpartsoftheseislandswheresizeablecommunitiesspeaklanguagesthatweretherebeforeEnglish.YetEnglishiseverywhereineverydayuseandunderstoodbyallorvirtuallyall,constitutingsuchathreattothethreeremainingCelticlanguages,Irish,ScottishGaelic,andWelsh...thattheirlong-termfuturemustbeconsidered...verygreatlyatrisk.2.Healsoassociatedsuchpolicieswithaprejudicewhichhecallslinguisticism(aconditionparalleltoracismandsexism).AsPhillipsonseesit,leadinginstitutionsandindividualswithinthepredominantlywhiteEnglish-speakingworld,have(bydesignordefault)encouragedoratleasttoleratedandcertainlyhavenotopposedthehegemonicspreadofEnglish,aspreadwhichbegansomethreecenturiesagoaseconomicandcolonialexpansion.3.Byandlarge,wenowviewthemasmoreorlessbenign,andoftentalkwithadmirationandappreciationabouttheculturesassociatedwiththemandwhattheyhavegiventotheworld.Anditisfairlysafetodothis,becausenoneofthemnowposesmuchofathreat.4.YetmanypeopleseeEnglishasablessing.Letmeleaveasideheretheobviousadvantagespossessedbyanyworldlanguage,suchasalargecommunicativenetwork,astrongliteraryandmediacomplex,andapowerfulculturalandeducationalapparatus.5.English-speakingSouthAfricansofBritishdescentwerenotparticularlystronginopposingtheapartheidregime,andtheblackopposition,whosemembershadmanylanguages,wasatfirstweakanddisorganized.6.Suchsymbolismsuggeststhattheusersoftheworld'slinguafrancashouldseektobenefitasfullyaspossiblefromtheblessingandasfaraspossibleavoidinvokingthecurse.,Lesson21.TheturnofeventsatApplehadnotchangedthatonebit.Ihadbeenrejected,butIwasstillinlove.,Theheavinessofbeingsuccessfulwasreplacedbythelightnessofbeingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.Itfreedmetoenteroneofthemostcreativeperiodsofmylife.,,3.itwasawful()tastingmedicine,butiguessthepatientneededit.Sometimeslifehitsyouintheheadwithabrick.Dontlosefaith.,,4.rememberingthatyouaregoingtodieisthebestwayiknowtoavoidthetrapofthinkingyouhavesomethingtolose.youarealreadynaked.thereisnoreasonnottofollowyourheart.,5.yourtimeislimited,sodontwasteitlivingsomeoneelseslife.dontthetrappedbydogma--whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeoplesthinking.dontletthenoiseofothersopinionsdrownoutyourinnervoice.,Lesson61.MihalyCsikszentmihalyi,whocoinedthetermflow,whichadherentsofpositivepsychologywouldusetodescribethejob-inducedhighs,saysthatdistinctionisafalseone.Anythingcanbeenjoyableiftheelementsofflowarepresent,hewritesinhisbookGoodBusiness.Withinthatframework,doingaseeminglyboringjobcanbeasourceofgreaterfulfillmentthanoneeverthoughtpossible.1.,:,,2.Butneitherthelate1990sboomnorthesubsequentbusthadmuchimpactineitherdirection,indicatingthatthestateofworkerhappinessgoesmuchdeeperthantheswingsoftheeconomy.2090,3.MartinaRadix,41,tradedahigh-pressurejobasanexecutiveassistantatacompanywhereshelikedhercolleaguesforalesstaxingpositionasaclericalworkerinalawfirmsixyearsago.Shehasmoretimeandflexibilitybutfeelsstifledbyherco-workersandunappreciatedbyherboss.Iamamisfitinthatdepartment,shesays.Nomatterhowgoodyourpersonallifeis,ifyougointoabadatmosphereatwork,ittakesawayfromit.41,,6,,,,:,,4.Infact,engagementatworkislessafunctionofyourpersonalitythanishappinessingeneral.Harterestimatesthatindividualdispositionaccountsforonlyabout30%ofthedifferencebetweenemployeeswhoarehighlyengagedandthosewhoarenot.Therestofitisshapedbythehundredsofinteractionsthatemployeeshaveeverydaywithco-workers,supervisorsandcustomers.,,,,30%,5.Untilrecently,businesspeoplewoulddismissemployeewell-beingasoutsidetheirdomainandkindoffringe-ish,saysThomasWright,aprofessoroforganizationalbehaviorattheUniversityofNevada,Reno.,,,,6.Butlaterstudiesthatlookedatjob-satisfactionratingswereinconsistent.Broadermeasuresofhappiness,itturnsout,arebetterpredictorsofproductivity..7.Butattheveryleast,businessescoulddobetterjustbypayingattentiontowhattheiremployeeswantandneed.Thenmoreofuscouldfindameasureoffulfillmentinwhatwedo.Andonceinawhile,wemighthopetotranscenditall.Itcanhappenonthebasketballcourt,infrontofaroaringcrowd,orinaclassroom,infrontofjustonegratefulstudent.,,,Lesson7IV.TranslationPutthefollowingintoChinese.Bigsurprise,Ithought,tossingtheballed-upclippingovermyshoulder.That'suptherewithmoneyeasesstress,liarsmakegoodwritersandphilanderersmakeevenbetterliars.Lastyear,shesadlygotherwish,fartoosoon,livingjustoverhalfaslongasthewomanwhoboreher.Hismaincharacter,EnidLambert,suffersfromadepressionthatactsasakindofinvisibleforcefield,unconsciouslyrepellingeveryoneawayfromherfragilecore.Enidcomplainsandsulks,manipulatesandcajoles,inordertoassuageherfundamentaldissatisfaction.Sheremainsintactbecauseherdepressionprotectsherfromevertrulysuffering,thewaythosearoundhermust.Whatdoesn'tkillyou,itseems,movesontomorestubbornquarry.So,hitthesnooze,thebottleortheskids.Resumebitching,chindown,carrythehatchet,underrugnothing.Lifeishardandthenyou...sigh.Heavily.Lesson8IV.TranslationPutthefollowingintoChinese.1.Everywarhashaditssongsthatwh