(完整版)高中状语从句导学案

状语从句思维导图易考易错点总结状语从句包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句和结果状语从句。对状语从句的考查主要集中在连接词上，尤其要重视as,until,before,since,when,incase等连词的各种语义功能和语法功能。具体来说主要包括：1．考查状语从句的连接词。要掌握各个连词的含义及其用法，还有它们之间的区别。如：时间状语的连词有while,when，as，assoonas，until，not…until，before,after,since等；条件状语从句的连词有if，unless,incase,onconditionthat,provided(that),supposing,suppose(that)等；结果状语从句的连词有so…that(如此……以至于),such…that(如此……以至于)等。2．考查固定搭配和习惯用法的连接词。如：nosooner…than…，hardly…when…，scarcely…before…，themoment/minute，directly。3．考查不同性质的连词在不同的语境中所表达的不同意义。如：as既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导原因状语从句和让步状语从句；where能引导地点状语从句和定语从句等。4．考查状语从句的时态。主要考查在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来及用一般过去时代替过去将来时的用法。5．考查状语从句的省略。1在时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，常常省略相同的主语或作主语的代词it以及be动词，保留现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式等成分。如果从句中有“itis＋形容词”结构，也可以省略itis。6．考查状语从句、宾语从句、简单句和并列句的句式结构。如：when引导时间状语从句意为“当……的时候”，引导宾语从句意为“什么时候”；if引导条件状语从句意为“如果”，引导宾语从句意为“是否”等。一．状语含义：修饰___词、_____词、____词或____，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分.二．状语从句：在主从复合句中做状语的从句。结构为：句子+引导词作状语。如：HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.三．状语从句分类：时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句让步状语从句状语从句名常用连词称时间When,while,as,assoonas,hardly…when,nosooner…than,scarcely...when,since(自从),once,whenever,before,after,till,until,themoment(theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,),bythetime,everytime,eachtime,aslongas(=solongas)地点Where,wherever条件If,unless,once(一旦…就),incase(that)（万一）,solongas(aslongas),onconditionthat,asfaras(sofaras)原因Because,since(既然),nowthat,as,,seeingthat(看到……),consideringthat(考虑到……)结果Such(a,an)…that,so…that,so,sothat,that…目的Sothatinorderthat,forfearthat,incase（以防，以免）让步Though,although,as,everif=eventhough,whatever,whenever,wherever,however,whichever,whoever,whomever,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhen,nomatterwhere,nomatterhownomatterwhich,nomatterwho,nomatterwhom,whetherornot=whether…ornot(不管…与否)比较As…as,notso/as…as,more…than,less…than方式As,justas,asif=asthough练习题1.WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet,Ifoundmanybeatifulbuildings()2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.()3.Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.（）4.I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.()5.Socleverwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.()6.Aslongasyoudon’tloseheart,you’llsucceed.()7.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.()8.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.()29.HeistallerthanIam.()一.时间状语从句时间状语从句常用1）When,while,as,2）assoonas,hardly…when/before,nosooner…than,scarcely...when,whenever3）since(自从),once,,before,after,till,until,4）themoment(theminute,thesecond,theinstant,theday,theyear,）bythetime,everytime,eachtime,nexttime，anytime.thefirsttime,thesecondtime5）immediately,instantly，directly),等词来引导。例如：Itwasraininghard____Igottoschoolyesterday._____hewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.______hewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.HehadlearnedalittleChinese____hecametoChina.____hefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.Hewasill______Isawhim.Nosoonerhadsheheardthenews____hecried.1.连接词when的用法小结1)when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是____，也可以是_____的。如：____thefilmended,theywentback._____Ilivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.2).When常用于下列句式：意为“就在那时”。如：wasdoingsomething…whenwasabouttodo…whenwasonthepointofdoingsth...when…haddone…when3)when可以表“既然”，如：HowcanIhelpthemtounderstand____theywon’tlistentome?练习题-填空1..Wewereswimminginthelake______suddenlythestormstarted.2.Hewasabouttotellmethesecret______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.3.Hetransplantedthelittletreetothegarden______itwasthebesttimeforit.4.－DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?－Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock____hearrivedhome.5.Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal______afamiliarvoicecametohisears.2.连接词while的用法小结1.while可用来引导时间状语，意为“_______”；引导的动作必须是___，如：Pleasedon’ttalksoloud____othersareworking.2.while作为并列连词，意为“_____”，表示对比。Janewasdressedinbrown_____Marywasdressedinblue.3.while也可用来引导让步状语，意为“_____”；相当于_______Iadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idon’tagreethattheycan’tbesolved.4趁…的情况赶紧做,否则来不及了3Strike_____theironishot.练习1.ThecostoflivinginGlasgowisamongthelowestinBritain,______thequalityoflifeisprobablyoneofthehighest.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while2.______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless3.________itistruethatastudent’smostimportantgoalistodowellinhisorherstudies,itdoesn’tneedtobetheonlygoal.AwhenBAsCWhileDBefore4.Marymadecoffeeherguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.(全国)A.sothatB.althoughC.whileD.asif3.as用法小结1.引导时间状语从句：强调同时发生或紧接着发生，动作无先后。①当……时候②一边……一边……③随着2.引导原因状语从句：____3.引导方式状语从句：___4.引导让步状语从句：_____,必须用______5.引导比较状语从句：as…as…______6.引导定语从句：_____7.介词：______练习题——猜测词义，as用法小结1.AsIleftthehouse,Iforgotthekey.________2.AsIgetolder,Igetmoreoptimistic.________3.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent._______4.Astheweatherissobad,wehavetostayhome._______5.Youcandoitasyoulike.______6.Oldasheis,heisstillenergetic._______7.HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyasanativespeaker.________4.比较while,when,as类别作用as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。例句ShecameupasIwascooking.(同时)Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(几乎同时)Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指时间点)Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段时间内)Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.as(atorduringthetimetha