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农业机械推广鉴定大纲DGDG/T269—2021农用挂车2021-01-21发布2021-03-01实施中华人民共和国农业农村部发布DG/T269—2021I目次前言„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„Ⅱ1范围„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„12规范性引用文件„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„13术语和定义„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„14产品型号编制规则„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„25基本要求„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„25.1需补充提供的文件资料„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„25.2样机确定„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„25.3机型大小划分„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„25.4生产量和销售量„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„35.5参数准确度及仪器设备„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„36初次鉴定„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„36.1一致性检查„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„36.2安全性评价„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„46.3适用性评价„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„66.4可靠性评价„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„76.5综合判定规则„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„87产品变更„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8附录A(规范性附录)产品规格表„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„10附录B(规范性附录)用户调查表„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„11DG/T269—2021II前言本大纲依据TZ1-2019《农业机械推广鉴定大纲编写规则》编制。本大纲为首次制定。本大纲由农业农村部农业机械化管理司提出。本大纲由农业农村部农业机械试验鉴定总站、农业农村部农业机械化技术开发推广总站技术归口。本大纲起草单位:江苏省农业机械试验鉴定站、广西壮族自治区农业机械化服务中心鉴定站、北京市农业机械试验鉴定推广站、四川省农业机械鉴定站。本大纲主要起草人:郑巍、黎波、刘旺、文宁、易建贵、张腊梅、张婕、安红艳。DG/T269—20211农用挂车1范围本大纲规定了农用挂车(以下简称挂车)推广鉴定的鉴定内容、方法和判定规则。本大纲适用于手扶拖拉机和轮式拖拉机牵引的载质量为0.5t~9t挂车的推广鉴定。2规范性引用文件下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。GB4785汽车及挂车外部照明和光信号装置的安装规定GB10395.1—2009农林机械安全第1部分:总则GB10395.2—2010农林机械安全第2部分:自卸挂车GB10396农林拖拉机和机械、草坪和园艺动力机械安全标志和危险图形总则GB/T13306标牌3术语和定义下列术语和定义适用于本文件。3.1农用挂车设计和制造上需由拖拉机牵引,才能正常使用的、用于载运货物或特殊用途的无动力车辆,包括牵引杆挂车(全挂车)、中置轴挂车和半挂车。3.2牵引杆挂车(全挂车)至少有两根轴的挂车,具有:一轴可转向;通过角向移动的牵引杆与拖拉机联结;牵引杆可垂直移动,联结到拖拉机上,因此不承受任何垂直力。3.3中置轴挂车牵引装置不能垂直移动(相对于挂车),车轴位于紧靠挂车的重心(当均匀载荷时)的挂车,这种车辆只有较小的垂直静载荷作用于拖拉机,不超过相当于挂车最大质量的10%或10000N的载荷(两者取较小者)。其中一轴或多轴可由拖拉机来驱动。3.4DG/T269—20212半挂车均匀受载时挂车质心位于车轴前面,装有可将垂直力和/或水平力传递到拖拉机的联结装置,带驱动或无驱动的挂车。4产品型号编制规则产品型号应符合以下规定:7□□□—□□改进代号:用字母符号A、B、C„„表示,首次生产无符号主参数代号:用载质量表示,单位为t,用阿拉伯数字表示驱动特征代号:带驱动的挂车用“驱”字首位汉语拼音字母“Q”表示,不带驱动的挂车不表示卸料特征代号:自卸挂车用“卸”字首位汉语拼音字母“X”表示。非自卸挂车不表示小类代号:全挂车用“C”,半挂车用“CB”表示,中置轴挂车用“CZ”表示大类代号:农用运输机械用“7”表示示例:1.7CZXQ-6A表示第一次改进的、带自卸和驱动功能、载质量为6t的中置轴挂车。2.7C-4表示首次生产,不带自卸和驱动功能、载质量为4t的全挂车。5基本要求5.1需补充提供的文件资料除申请时提交的材料之外,需补充提供以下材料:a)产品规格表(见附录A);b)样机照片(正前方、左前方45°、右前方45°和产品铭牌各1张),反映样机自卸方向和型式的照片(1张,如挂车具有自卸功能);c)企业审批的产品技术规格文件复印件(当企业的产品执行国家标准或行业标准时);d)用户名单[内容至少包括用户姓名、通信地址、联系电话、产品型号名称、产品(出厂)编号、生产日期、购机时间等,提供的用户作业时间不少于100h,数量为大型5户,中、小型10户]。以上材料需加盖制造商公章。5.2样机确定样机由制造商无偿提供且应是12个月以内生产的合格产品。由鉴定机构在制造商明示的产品存放处随机抽取,样机按表1的规定执行。样机由制造商按约定的时间送达指定地点,鉴定完成且制造商对鉴定结果无异议后,样机由制造商自行处理。在试验过程中,由于非样机质量原因造成试验无法继续进行时,可以启用备用样机重新试验。表1样机确定机型分类样机确定方法抽样基数,台样机数量,台备注中、小型抽样521台用于试验鉴定,1台备用大型抽样325.3机型大小划分按载质量T划分机型的大小,见表2。DG/T269—20213表2机型大小划分表机型分类大型中型小型载质量T(t)T≥5.02.0≤T<5.0T<2.05.4生产量和销售量申请推广鉴定的产品生产量和销售量见表3。表3生产量和销售量机型分类生产量,台销售量,台中、小型≥20≥10大型≥10≥55.5参数准确度及仪器设备被测参数的准确度要求见表4。选用仪器设备的量程和准确度应与表4要求相匹配。试验用仪器设备应经过计量检定合格或校准确认且在有效期内。表4被测参数准确度要求序号被测参数名称测量范围准确度要求1质量0kg~40000kg1kg2长度0m~5m1mm≥5m10mm3时间0h~24h0.5s/d4角度0°~90°1°5制动减速度0m/s2~9.8m/s21%6初次鉴定6.1一致性检查6.1.1检查内容和方法一致性检查的项目、允许变化的限制范围及检查方法见表5。制造商填报的产品规格确认表的设计值应与其提供的产品执行标准、产品使用说明书所描述的产品技术规格值相一致。对照产品规格表的设计值对样机的相应项目进行一致性检查。表5一致性检查项目、限制范围及检查方法序号检查项目限制范围检查方法1配套拖拉机标定功率范围一致核对2型号、名称一致核对3结构型式一致核对4功能一致核对5挂车外廓尺寸(长×宽×高)允许偏差为5%测量(包容样机最小长方体的长、宽、高)6车厢内廓尺寸(长×宽×高)允许偏差为5%测量7挂车质量允许偏差为5%测量8挂车载质量一致核对DG/T269—20214表5一致性检查项目、限制范围及检查方法(续)序号检查项目限制范围检查方法9驱动型式一致核对10牵引环孔径允许偏差为5%测量11满载时牵引杆后端长度(中置轴挂车、全挂车)允许偏差为5%测量牵引环最前端至牵引杆与车厢连接销轴所在平面的垂直距离12自卸方向一致核对型式一致核对倾斜角度允许偏差为5%测量13制动系统型式一致核对14悬架型式一致核对15转向型式(全挂车)一致核对16轴数一致核对17轴距允许偏差为5%测量18轮胎型号一致核对19轮距允许偏差为5%测量20厢板高度允许偏差为5%测量6.1.2判定规则一致性检查的全部项目的结果均满足表5的要求时,一致性检查结论为符合大纲要求;否则,一致性检查结论为不符合大纲要求。6.2安全性评价6.2.1安全要求6.2.1.1同一辆挂车上的所有轮胎型号和轮胎花纹应一致。6.2.1.2车厢的内、外不应有任何能使人致伤的尖锐凸起物。6.2.1.3拖拉机运输机组的比功率应大于或等于4.0kW/t。注:比功率为发动机最大净功率(或0.9倍的发动机额定功率或0.9倍的发动机标定功率)与运输机组的最大允许总质量之比。6.2.1.4在驾驶位置应始终能够操作倾卸操纵机构(举升或下降)。6.2.1.5液压倾卸系统和液压制动系统应不能由同一个液压管路控制。6.2.1.6挂车应配备铰接在挂车上的机械支撑机构,以在保养操作期间能可靠地将车厢固定在举升位置。6.2.1.7车厢板和卸料门的锁定装置应置于操作者在车厢板或卸料门的摆动范围之外能够进行操作的位置处。6.2.1.8挂车应有可靠的制动系统。与轮式拖拉机配套的载质量大于3.5t、小于5t的挂车应装置液压和/或气压式制动系统;载质量不小于5t的挂车应装置气压式断气制动系统或断油制动系统或单独的驻车制动系统。6.2.2安全防护6.2.2.1全挂车的车厢底部至地面距离大于800mm时,应在前后轮间两外侧装置防护网(架)。但本身结构已能防止行人和骑车人等卷入的除外。DG/T269—202156.2.2.2车厢板顶部离地面高度大于1.5m时,应按GB10395.1-2009中4.6的规定安装外扶梯。当可拆卸车厢板未装,且车厢底板面高出地面1m时,应安装类似的扶梯。在扶梯上方应设置一个或多个扶手。6.2.2.3挂车在结构上应限制车厢不超过允许的最高倾卸位置。6.2.2.4车厢应有前安全架、缆绳钩。6.2.2.5挂车常处于泥水较多或高湿度或涉水深度超过1/2车轮直径的作业环境中,挂接及驱动机构应设置防渗水措施,使得制动系统和驱动机构仍工作可靠不失效。挂车的车架(自卸挂车包括厢架)的主要部位、牵引架、转盘架、悬架、轴头等关键部位应有防盐碱腐蚀的措施。6.2.3安全性能6.2.3.1挂车与拖拉机组成的运输机组满载时在坡度为20%的干硬坡道上,挂空挡,使用驻车制动装置,应能沿上、下坡方向可靠停驻,时间应不小于5min。6.2.3.2挂车在轮式拖拉机牵引下,制动初速度为20km/h时,满载制动距离不大于6.5m。6.2.3.3挂车在手扶拖拉机牵引下,制动初速度为15km/h时,满载制动距离不大于3.4m。6.2.3.4涉水挂车在检测时,需要在深度超过1/2车轮直径的水中浸泡15min,然后进行行车制动试验,仍能满足6.2.3.1、6.2.3.2和6.2.3.3的要求。6.2.4照明信号装置6.2.4.1灯具应安装牢靠,不得因挂车振动而松脱、损坏失去作用。6.2.4.2挂车应设置左右后位灯、左右制动灯、后牌照灯、后反射器和左右后转向灯,光色应符合GB4785的有关规定。6.2.4.3全挂车前部应设置红白相间的标杆。标杆上安装红色标志灯,高度应比前栏板高出300mm~400mm,距车厢外侧应小于150mm。6.2.4.4挂车应装有后反射器,反射器应能保证夜间在其正后方150m处用前照灯照射时,在照射位置就能确认其反射光。6.2.4.5载质量不小于5t的挂车要装侧反射器,应能保证夜间在其正面前方150m处用前照灯照射时,在照射位置就能确认其反射光。6.2.5安全信息6.2.5.1在自卸车车厢两侧的明显位置应设置安全警示标志,安全警示标志应符合GB10396的要求。6.2.5
本文标题:DG∕T 269-2021 农用挂车
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