中小型企业行政事务

1SpeechatInternationalConference2AttendingInternationalConferenceMeeting（总称）Conference(比较正式的会议，常指专业性、学术性的专门会议）Symposium(侧重专题学术讨论会。研讨范围小、具体）Congress(代表会议,规模较大。delegate,representative)Convention（规模较大，时间较长的大型集会，如有些专业领域的年会）Colloquium(有关专家参加的小组集体讨论会paneldiscussion)Workshop(除了专业理论学术研讨外，侧重示范表演、实际操作。规模不大，重视实践）Forum(论坛。某领域专家学者围绕一个问题发表演讲，答复问题，展开讨论）Seminar（请专家对某一具体问题进行系统探讨和讲授，有讲学的特点）3TheProcedureofConference•Registration•Openingceremony(openingspeech)•Plenarysession(plenarylectures;keynote1-2)•Tea/Coffeebreak•Invitedlectures(25’＋5’)•Lunchbreak•Parallelsession(Oral15’＋5’）•Tea/Coffeebreak•Postersession(display)•Banquet•Closingceremony(awarding)4PaperSubmissionInformation•Abstract(deadline,style,wordcount…)•Paper(deadline,length,format…)•Presentation(invited,oral,poster)•Collectedpapers(periodical,EI,SCI，IEEE…)5HowtoPrepareSpeech1.Knowyoursubject2.Knowyouraudience3.Makeapoint4.Prepare(PPT)5.Practice6HowtoPrepareSpeech6.Staycalm7.Eyecontact8.Impression9.Varytone10.Bodylanguage7ApproachestotheOpening•BeginwithStraightForwardness(开门见山式)Mr.Chairman,ladiesandGentlemen,Thetitleofmypresentationis…•BeginwithAppreciation(致谢赞扬式)Dearcolleagues,Firstofall,I’dliketothankourchairmanandgeneroushosts,…•BeginwithBackgroundIntroduction(背景介绍式)Goodafternoon,ladiesandGentlemen,Firstofall,I’dliketomakeanexplanation…ThepaperI…•BeginwithWitsandHumors(风趣幽默式)•BeginwithImpromptuDevelopment(即兴发挥式)8WaysofDelivery•Speakingwithoutanyreference(自由式)•Speakingwithshortnotes(提纲式PPT)Opening（1’30’’）I.TheProject…(5’30’’)1.Projectdescription…2….II.Students……(6’)Conclusion(2’30’’)•Speakingfromthetext(摘录式PPT)abstract,maindates,experimentalresults,graph,table,conclusion…•ReadingtheFullText(朗读式)9TechniquesinOralPresentation1.TurningtoaNewTopic(启转话题)先说一句使对方有精神准备的话，然后再把主要事实说出来。1)LadiesandGentlemen,itwouldbeveryinterestingtotakealookatthiscurve,whichtellsus…2)Well,mayIsayboldly?Itiscommon…我可以冒昧地讲……103)Theinterestingthinginthisexperimentisthat…4)Itisnotanexaggerationtosay…5)Anotherimportantfact…在连续表达中，往往会有许多需要转移话题、转移重点、转移听众注意力的情况，运用这类语句不仅对听众具有提醒和吸引作用，而且还能起到向下文过度的作用。112.ArrangingFactsLogically(例举事实)•在介绍研究工作时，常常需要例举一系列的事实、论据和数据等来论证或说明某一结论。如：Tomeettheendof…,wehaveadoptedthefollowingconcretemeasures:First,weused…,thenwe…..Afterwards,we….Next,weput….Andeventually,we……12•One…;Two…;Three…•First…;Second,…•Tobeginwith,…;Next,…;Furthermore,…Finally…•Tostartwith,…;thesecondpoint,…;Furthermore,…;Andtoconclude,…133.DisplayingFormula,etc.(展示实例)•在解释计算公式、展示图片、图表等实物时，常常用“…be…”句型。•Hereistheexpressionofthe…structurethatwearediscussingnow.•Itisreviewedthat…回顾了……•Itisnoteworthythatmanyatomshavebeen…值得注意的是……14•这类句型有助于连贯表达论文内容：•Itis＋adj.＋that…Itisapparentthat…Itisnotablethat…Itisavailablethat…•Itis＋P.P.＋that…Itisoutlinedthat…Itisassumedthat…Itiscalculatedthat…154.HighlightingIdeas(强调重点)•先入为主。“先出口，先入耳”a)MMMistheverysubjectthatwehavestudiedforthreeyears.b)WehavestudiedMMMformanyyears.•利用“Itis…that…”强调句型Itisonlywiththereductionof…that…•利用具有强意功能的词：do,ever,even,quite…Dr.Millerdidhavegivenusaveryinformative...16•利用重复要反复的内容很多，如重要数据、结果等。语音“一瞬即逝”，听众“一听而过”。要想听清听懂，印象深刻。非常有必要重复。如强调“小型化”这一技术突破，可重复“miniaturization”;“miniaturizedprototype”;“…tobeminiaturized”;“inminiaturizing…”•利用重读、语调、语气、手势等175.SimplifyingLongishTerms(长术语处理)•用等意词代thesolvent(该溶剂);thetestingagent(该试剂);thecompound(该化合物);themetal(该金属)•用符号代…Here,Xmpresentsthe……Nowlet’sassumeXmtobeconstant,then…•用代词代“it”,“that”,“they”…•用缩略词代DNA18AmendingaSlipoftheTongue(修正口误)讲得不当或错误发生时,要及时加以解释或修正。•IntheexperimentIdiscoveredanewway,well,ImeanIusedanewmethodtoobservethemovement.(用词过大)•Ofcourse,theexperimenttechniquescannotbecalledadvancedyet–Imeaninregardtotheautomationanditsmanagement.（否定面太大）19FillingtheSilence(避免冷场)•当讲话中出现思考、犹豫或停顿时“well”,“ehm”,“hereyousee”,“youknow”,“I’mafraid”,“Isuppose”,“asmatteroffact”,“thatistosay”,“tomakealongstoryshort”…•冷场时间较长时,要做必要的“重复”填补。“whatIsaidjustnowwasabout…”“Thatiswhatwehavedone.Undercondition,whichisessentialfor…”20MethodsofEndingaSpeech(结束发言)•ByBriefingtheWindup(直截了当式)…That’sall.Thankyou,Mr.Chairman.Thankyouall.•BySummarizingMainPoints(总结归纳式)…ThethemesIhavedealtwithcanbeboileddownasfollows:First,…;Second,…;Third,…Lastbutnotleast,…That’sall.Thankyouforattention.21•ByPosingQuestions(征求意见式)1)…NowthatIhavefinishedmyspeech,Ihopeyou’llgivemeyourcommentsandsuggestions.They’llhelpmeimprovemywork.2)…Toconclude,itseemsthatifwearetosucceedinsolvingthemanyinterrelatedproblemsof…,onlythefullestandmostintelligentuseof…willenableustodoso.That’sall,thankyou.22ChoosingaTopic•Pickthetopicthatintriguesyou;•Pickonethatyouknowsth.about;•Narrowyourscopeofdiscussion;(Sports,Music…/Football,orJazz)•Avoidthetopicthatarecompletelynew(theremaynotbesufficientsourcematerial.)•Eliminatethetopicsbasedonpersonalexperienceoropinion;(can’tbesupportedbylibraryresearch)•Removedthetopicwhosematerialcomesfromasinglesource.(BuildingaSolarOven,anexplanationofaprocess.Don’tneedthematerialfromvarioussources.)23TitleConcise,informativeDefinethethemeofthepapertellingthereader/listenerwhatthepaperisabout.Catchyandpredisposed(有影响的)Grabthereader’sattention.Many