超高强度马氏体时效钢的发展

(,150001)(),,Ni2Co2Mo2Ti2AlNi2Mo2Ti(2Cr2Al),400500,NiCoMoCrMnTi,DevelopmentofUltra2HighStrengthMaragingSteelJiangYue,YinZhongda,ZhuJingchuanandLiMingwei(CollegeofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,HaerbinUniversityofTechnology,Haerbin150001)AbstractMaragingsteelisakindofultra2highstrengthsteelstrengthenedbyageingprecipitationhardeningofinter2metallicsincarbon2freeorextra2lowcarbonferronickelmartensitematrix.Ithasexcellentformabilitybeforeageingtreatmentandalmostnon2deformingduringageing,afterageingthesteelhashighstrengthandtoughness.ThechemicalcompositionsandmechanicalpropertiesoftypicalNi2Co2Mo2Ti2AlmaragingsteelandNi2Mo2Ti(2Cr2Al)cobalt2freemaragingsteelarere2viewed,andtheageingstructureandstrengtheningmechanismofmassintermetallicsprecipitationphasesproducedinmartensitematrixofmaragingsteelageingat400500whichhashighstrengtheningeffectandminimaltoughnesslossandthealloyingeffectofalloyelementssuchasNi,Co,Mo,Cr,MnandTiinmaragingsteelarepresentedinthisarticle.Theproductionprocess,applicationanddevelopingtrendofmaragingsteelarealsosummarized.MaterialIndexMaragingSteel,Precipitation,StrengtheningMechanism,MechanicalProperties(),400550[1],[25]1,2060(INCO)[1]19611962Decker,Fe2NiCoMo,CoMoTi140017001900MPa18Ni(200)18Ni(250)18Ni(300)18Ni[4],18Ni(200)18Ni(250)[5],60(INCO)(Vasco)2400MPa18Ni(350),2800MPa3500MPa400500[4,6],,[6],70,,[7,8]80,Co,,(INCO)(Vasco),T22501252Vol.25.No.220043SPECIALSTEELMarch2004(TTi)[9,10]18Ni,Co,Mo,TiT2250Ti,T2200T2300,18Ni,,,14%[11,12],[13],[14]20%30%,,2060[2],,,206018Ni70,(CM21),(TM210)(00Cr13Ni8Mo2NbTi)121[4]Table1Nominalchemicalcompositionsandyieldstrengthoftypicalmaragingsteels[4]/%NiCoMoTiAl/MPa18Ni(200)188.53.30.20.11140018Ni(250)188.55.00.40.10170018Ni(300)189.05.00.70.10200018Ni(350)1812.54.21.60.10240018Ni(cast)1710.04.60.30.101650400Alloy1315.010.00.20.102800500Alloy818.014.00.20.1035002[4,915]Table2Chemicalcompositionsandmechanicalpropertiesofcobalt2freemaragingsteels[4,915]/%NiMoTiAlCrb/MPas/MPa/%KIC/MPam-1/2T225018.53.01.400.1--1817177510.5106T230018.54.01.850.1--2100205010.076W225019.0-1.200.1-4.5W180017809.0-14Ni23Cr23Mo21.5Ti14.33.21.52-2.88-1820175013.513012Ni23.2Cr25.1Mo21Ti12.05.11.000.13.20-1700166010.0102Fe218Ni24Mo21.7Ti18.04.01.70---2000-9.0702,,MoTi;2,NiCoMn,,Cr,[16,17],{synergisticeffect}[1],(Ni3MoFe2Mo)[1719];,,,,,,,,,Ms,,,,,,,225[2022]Mo,[2,22],(10%),,,,,3%,1%,56MPa[14],[23,24],Ni3Ti,011%,54MPa[14]Fe2Ni,[25],Fe2Cr,,Fe2Cr2Ni,,Cr,,,[11,14],17%(Ni+Cr),,17%21%(Ni+Cr)[26]14Ni23Cr23Mo2115Ti,,(1214)%Ni+3%CrNi3Ti[11],,Ms,,,CrMsCr/NiFe2(Mo,Ti)Ni3Ti,,,Fe2(Mo,Ti)[26],Mn,(011%),Fe2Mn,,Fe2Mn18Ni,MnNiCo[27]1%3%;MnNi,MnNi6%,Ni2Mn1215%Ni22%Mn[28],,[27,28],(1%315%)[29],[30],33.1Fe2Ni2(Co)2Mo2Ti[3141]:Ni3M(M=V,Mo,Nb,W)2Ni3TiFe2MoLaves2(FeMoFeTi)2Fe7Mo62,R2[4]2Ni3Ti[26,33,34,37]Fe2Mo[16]2Fe7Mo6[37],Cr2Ti6Si7Ni16[37,38]Vanderwalker[39]T2250,,,,Ni3Ti,Ni3Ti,Ni3Ti,,Ni3Ti,Ni3(Ti,Mo)[17,37,40,41]TEMC2300T2300C2300T2300,,Ni3(MoTi)Fe7Mo6:T2300Fe7Mo6,T2300Ni3(Ti,Mo)32:C2300,T2300C2300[39,42],Ni3MoNi3Ti,Fe2MoFe7Mo63.2,,Ni2Mo2Ti,[43,44],,,Rb,R/b15;R/b15,[16],,,,15b,[45],44.1,,(VIM)(VAR)1500MPa,,4.28701120,1120,,,Ti(C,N),1100750,(950850)(25%)4.3,,,,,01020103,,90%4.4,,4.5850870,,480,510,36h,5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:(1),;(2);(3);(4);(5)4251DeckerRF,EashJTandGoldmanAJ.18%NickelMaragingSteels.Trans.ASM.1962,55(1):582,,,..,2003,24(3):13ImrieWH.MaragingSteelintheBritishAerospaceIndustry.MetalForming,1970(1,2):414DeckerRFandLoreenS.MaragingSteels2theFirst30Years.WilsonRK.MaragingSteels2RecentDevelopmentandApplications.TMS2AIME,Warrendale,PA,1988,15HamakerJCandBayerAM.ApplicationsofMaragingSteels.Cobalt.1968,3:36...1985,1:17TsuguakiOki,MasatoshiSudo,Tsutumi.Hiromori,etal.ProcessforProducingMaragingSteelCylinderforUraniumEnrichingCentrifugalSeparatorandCylindersProducedThereby.U.S.PatNo3989553,19768...1981(1):199CatalogueonVascoMaxT2250MaragingSteel,TeledyneVasco,La2trobe,PA,USA,198210FloreenS.CobaltFreeMaragingSteel.U.S.PatNo4443254,198411,,.ÍÀ“°Ë¨¾Ëˆ˜Ó.,1987,51(1):7612AsayamaYuiteru,HiguchiKazuaki.HighStrengthCobalt2freeMarag2ingSteel.U.S.PatNo4579590,198613YoungGKim,GyoSKim,ChangSLee,etal.MicrostructureandMechanicalPropertiesofaCobalt2freeTungsten2bearingMaragingSteel.Mater.Sci.Eng.1986,79(1):13314TharianKT,SivakumarD,GanesanR,etal.DevelopmentofNewNickel,CobaltFreeMaragingSteel.Mater.Sci.Tech.1991,7(12):108215,,,.18Ni.,2002,38(3):27816VasudevanVK,KimSungJ,WaymanCMarvin.PrecipitationReac2tionsandStrengtheningBehaviorin18WtPctNickelMaragingSteels.Metall.Trans.1990,21A(11):265517ShaW,CerezoAandSmithWGD.AtomProbeField2ionMi2croscopyStudyofAgeingBehaviourofaCo2freeMaragingSteel.Sur2faceScience.1991,246(4):27818MillerGP,MitchellWI.StructureandHardeningMechanismsof18%Nickel2Cobalt2MolybdenumMaragingSteels.JIronSteelInst.1965,203(9):89919ShaW,CerezoAandSmithGDW.PhaseChemistryandPrecipita2tionReactionsinMaragingSteel:Part.DiscussionandConclu2sions.Metal.Trans.1993,24A(6):125320NagavamaK,TerasakiT,TanakaK,etal.MechanicalPropertiesofaCr2Ni2Mo2Al2TiMaragingSteelintheProcessofMartensiticTrans2formation.TMaterialsScienceandEn