微合金非调质钢技术和应用

中国金属学会特殊钢分会(CSSS)钢铁研究总院(CISRI)先进钢铁材料技术国家工程研究中心(NERCAST)微合金非调质钢技术和应用ReviewonTechnicalDevelopmentofMicroalloyedNon-Quenching-temperinginChinaNov14,2006,Baosteel董瀚，张英建，惠卫军HDONG,YJZHANG,WJHUI提纲Outlinesz国内非调质钢的研发和应用概况z非调质钢国家标准的修订z近期非调质钢的研发工作¾“九五”、“十五”非调质钢国家攻关¾Nb/V微合金化非调质钢的研发¾非调质钢的疲劳性能¾冷作强化非调质钢的研发¾非调质钢制零件锻造过程模拟技术背景Background‡ThereareanincreasingdemandofMANon-QTsteelsforthepurposeofcostsaving010020030040050060019901995200020052010YearAutoproduction,×1061001201401601802002202401994199619982000200220042006YearPrice,×103,RMBVWSantana2000Changeofautoproductionsincetheearly1990sinChinaPricechangeofonethemostwell-soldcarsinChina背景Background‡R&DofMANon-QTsteelsinChina¾Aseriesofover15MAnon-QTsteelshavebeendevelopedtomeettherequirementsfromautomakersfortheproductionofhighperformanceandlowcostcomponentsoverpast24yearsinChina(since1982)¾TypicallyC-MnsteelmicroalloyedmainlywithV/Nb/Ti¾Rm=720~950MPa背景Applications－MainSteelPlantsofMANon-QTSteels‡Totalannualoutputover100,000tonsnowadaysBaoSteelShijiazhuangSteelPanzhihuaSteelBenxiSpecialSteelFushunSteelDalianSteelShougangSteelDayeSpecialSteelXingchengSpecialSteelTangshanSteel背景Applications－MainAutomakersofComponentsMadeofMANon-QTSteelsShanghaiAutoChanganAutoNo.1AutoTianjingAutoBeijingAutoDongfengAutoNanjingAutoGuangdongAutoJianglingAuto连杆曲轴前驱动轴前轮毂转向杆前转向节后转向节轮毂凸轮轴后驱动轴下臂背景Applications－MainAutoComponentsMadeofMANon-QTSteelsAbout20～30%componentsmadeofMAnon-QTsteels提纲Outlinesz国内非调质钢的研发和应用概况z非调质钢国家标准的修订z近期非调质钢的研发工作¾“九五”、“十五”非调质钢国家攻关¾Nb/V微合金化非调质钢的研发¾非调质钢的疲劳性能¾冷作强化非调质钢的研发¾非调质钢制零件锻造过程模拟技术非调质钢标准的修订ModificationofNationalStandardofMANon-QTSteels„我国开发了四类非调质钢：¾切削加工用非调质钢¾热压力加工用非调质钢¾高强高韧非调质钢¾冷作强化非调质钢„1995年版GB/T15712中仅纳入了直接切削加工用、热压力加工用非调质钢共2大类，9个钢号MANon-QTSteelsDevelopedinChina—SteelsSpecifiedinGB/T15712-19950.06/0.13≤0.035≤0.0351.00/1.500.20/0.400.37/0.44F40MnV90.06/0.13≤0.035≤0.0351.00/1.500.20/0.400.32/0.39F35MnVN80.06/0.13≤0.035≤0.0350.60/1.000.20/0.400.42/0.49F45V70.06/0.13≤0.0350.035/0.0751.00/1.500.30/0.600.42/0.49YF45MnV60.06/0.13≤0.0350.035/0.0751.00/1.500.30/0.600.37/0.44YF40MnV50.06/0.13≤0.0350.035/0.0751.00/1.500.30/0.600.32/0.39YF35MnV40.06/0.13≤0.0350.035/0.0750.60/1.000.20/0.400.42/0.49YF45V30.06/0.13≤0.0350.035/0.0750.60/1.000.20/0.400.37/0.44YF40V20.06/0.13≤0.0350.035/0.0750.60/1.000.20/0.400.32/0.39YF35V1VPSMnSiCGradeNo.Notes:YFstandshereforsteelbarsformachiningandFforhotforging非调质钢标准的修订ModificationofNationalStandardofMANon-QTSteelsz标准自1996年3月1日实施以来，已经使用了10年z随着研发工作的不断深入，又提出了一些新的牌号，而且应用领域也在扩大z原标准起草单位东北特钢和钢研总院等单位已完成标准的修订z主要修订原则：¾采用ISO11692的技术体系¾反映近十年来研发成果，增加应用量较大的新钢号非调质钢标准的修订ModificationofNationalStandardofMANon-QTSteels„主要变化：¾重新定义了非调质机械结构钢¾化学成分增加了“经供需双方协商，可以用Nb或Ti代替部分或全部V含量。¾牌号表示方法统一改为“F…S”¾热压力加工用钢的力学性能由必须检验改为根据需方要求检验¾增加了贝氏体型非调质钢(F12Mn2VBS)¾增加了F30MnVS、F38MnVS、F49MnVS和F12Mn2VBS共四个牌号，删除了F45V、F35MnVN和F40MnV三个牌号提纲Outlinesz国内非调质钢的研发和应用概况z非调质钢国家标准的修订z近期非调质钢的研发工作¾“九五”、“十五”非调质钢国家攻关¾Nb/V微合金化非调质钢的研发¾非调质钢的疲劳性能¾冷作强化非调质钢的研发¾非调质钢制零件锻造过程模拟技术“九五”非调质钢国家科技攻关NationalKeyTechnologiesR&DProgram„宝钢特殊钢、钢研总院、大冶、大钢等承担„重点进行了轿车用非调质钢的开发和应用„开发的49MnVS3、38MnVS5、30MnVS等钢已经广泛地应用于轿车和微型车的曲轴、连杆、轮毂、转向节和前臂等重要部位„该项目2000年荣获上海市科技进步二等奖和冶金科学技术三等奖“十五”非调质钢国家科技攻关NationalKeyTechnologiesR&DProgram„钢研总院、宝钢特殊钢、北科大等承担„重点进行了重载用非调质钢开发和应用„宝钢特殊钢供应爱知锻造38MnVS5、22MnVS5等钢材近5万吨，所生产的曲轴、连杆批量出口印尼、泰国150多万支„天润曲轴公司采用48MnV钢批量生产了重载汽车用康明斯C系和上柴D6114发动机曲轴12万多支„一汽研发的重载汽车用轴头用FAS2230非调质钢已纳入企业新产品标准中EffectofSulfurContentonGrainRefinement0.010%S0.042%S0.12%S0.061%S0408012016020000.050.10.15Sulfurcontent/%Austenitegrainsize/mAustenitegraingrowthwasretardedbytheadditionofsulfur25027029031033000.050.10.15Sulfurcontent/%Activationenergy/kJ/molBasesteel:30MnV,soaked@1523KEffectofSulfurContentonMechanicalProperties30040050060070080090000.050.10.15Sulfurcontent,%Strength,MPa1323K1223K1123K1323K1223K1123KRmRel02040608010012014000.050.10.15Sulfurcontent,%AKV,J1323K1223K1123KAtlowerhotdeformationtemperature,sulfurhaslittleretardingeffectonaustenitegraingrowthandthuspresentnopositiveeffectontoughnessEffectofSulfurContentonMechanicalPropertiesAthigherhotdeformationtemperature,austenitegraingrowthisprohibitedmarkedlybyincreasingsulfurcontentandthustoughnessisimprovedbycertainamountofsulfuradditionDeformationtemp.1523K0102030405000.050.10.15Sulphurcontent/%AKV/J30040050060070080090000.050.10.15Sulfurcontent,%Strength,MPaRmRelEffectofSulfuronthePromotionofIntragranularFerrite(IGF)FormationzAl2O3—MnS—IGFIGFMnS提纲Outlinesz国内非调质钢的研发和应用概况z非调质钢国家标准的修订z近期非调质钢的研发工作¾“九五”、“十五”非调质钢国家攻关¾Nb/V微合金化非调质钢的研发¾非调质钢的疲劳性能¾冷作强化非调质钢的研发¾非调质钢制零件锻造过程模拟技术SteelNo.1(46MnV)SteelNo.5(39MnVNb)TEMmicrographsshowingdifferentprecipitationpatternsofVandVNbnonheat-treatedsteelsR&DofNb-VMAnon-QTSteelsNbadditionbringsaboutincreasedprecipitationofNbandVcarbonitrides,andalsochangestheprecipitationpatternfrominter-phaseprecipitationofVcarbidestorandomprecipitationofNbandVcarbides注：图片由章洪涛教授提供SteelgradeChemicalcompositionCSiMnPSVNb35MnVNb0.32-0.380.45-0.751.20-1.50≦0.035≦0.035~0.05~0.0435MnVNbS0.32-0.380.45-0.751.20-1.50≦0.035≦0.080~0.05~0.0449MnVS30.42-0.50≦0.600.60-1.00≦0.0350.045-0.0650.08-0.13Chemicalcompositio