基于ZigBee的湿地环境监测系统的研究

密级：学校代码：10075分类号：学号：20091302工学硕士学位论文基于ZigBee的湿地环境监测系统的研究学位申请人：卫建波指导教师：赵晓军教授学位级别：工学硕士学科专业：检测技术与自动化装置授予单位：河北大学答辩日期：二〇一二年六月ClassifiedIndex：CODE：10075U.D.C：NO：20091302ADissertationfortheDegreeofM.EngineeringResearchofWetlandEnvironmentDetectionSystemBasedonZigBeeCandidate:WeiJianboSupervisor:Prof.ZhaoXiaojunAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofEngineeringSpecialty:DetectionTechniqueandAutomaticEquipmentUniversity:HebeiUniversityDateofOralExamination:June,2012摘要I摘要我国自古以来就是世界上的地理大国，但是也是全球湿地面积最多的大国之一。由于不合理的保护和掠夺式的不加节制的开垦，使得湿地的好多优势的生态系统服务功能严重的衰退，甚至彻底的功能丧失。对于一系列的问题使我国认识到了保护湿地环境的重要性，但是其相关的监测管理设施比较的落后。随着现代科学技术的蓬勃发展和电子技术的广泛应用，湿地水环境监测技术也朝着自动化和无人化方向发展。本文提出了基于ZigBee的湿地环境监测系统的研究。无线传感器网络技术是现代科学领域的全新的发展方向，有巨大的应用前景，被业界人士广泛关注。本文是基于ZigBee的湿地环境监测系统的研究，首先分析了ZigBee协议相比较其他几种通信协议在无线网络上的优点，ZigBee以其自身的低复杂度、低功耗、低成本和数据传输速率低的特点迅速赢得了很大的市场，再加上其网络覆盖面积广、不用频繁更换电池的优势，迅速应用在了建筑自动化、工业控制、环境监测、智能家居和辅助医疗等多个方面。分析了IEEE802.15.4标准和ZigBee协议栈的规范，了解到ZigBee协议栈的大小不到其他协议大小的四分之一，以及分析了应用于湿地环境监测的可实施性，针对于湿地环境的监测系统给出了总体的设计结构。通过对监测系统的功能需求角度分析出发，分析了基站节点服务、采集节点的功能和上位机操作页面的功能，具体设计和实现了各个硬件模块的功能。论文对环境监测系统做了整体的软件的设计，做了多次相关的实验，并且给出了相关的测试的数据，证明了方案的可行性。将无线传感器网络技术应用到湿地水环境上来有很好的发展，对于发展环境监测具有重大的意义。关键字ZigBee湿地监测系统无线网络技术AbstractIIAbstractChinaisthegeographicalcountrysinceancienttimesintheworld,butalsoisoneofthemostpowerareaofwetlandintheglobalcountrys.DuetotheunreasonableprotectionandtheLveDuoShiwithoutmoderatecultivate,makesalotoftheadvantagesservicefunctionofwetlandecosystemthesevererecession,andevenfunctioniscompletelost.Foralistofproblemsofthewetlandecosystemthatourcountryunderstandtheimportanceofwetlandsprotectionenvironment,buttherelatedmonitoringmanagementfacilitiescomparisonofthelagbehind.Withthevigorousdevelopmentofmodernscienceandthewideapplicationofelectronictechnology,thewetlandwaterenvironmentmonitoringtechnologyisalsoinautomationandunmanneddirection.ThispaperputsforwardthewetlandenvironmentbasedonZigBeemonitoringsystemofresearch.Wirelesssensornetworktechnologyinthefieldofmodernscienceisthenewdevelopmentdirection,havegreatprospect,isattentiontotheprofessionals.ThispaperisbasedonthewetlandenvironmentmonitoringsystemZigBee,firstanalysisoftheZigBeeagreementseveralothercommunicationprotocolcomparedinwirelessnetworkadvantages,ZigBeewithhisownlowcomplexity,lowpowerconsumption,lowcostandlowthecharacteristicsofthedataratequicklywonthebigmarket,plusitsnetworkcoverageareawide,neednotfrequentchangethebatteryandtheadvantagesoftheapplicationinthebuildingautomationquickly,industrialcontrol,environmentalmonitoring,intelligenthouseholdandauxiliarymedicaltreatment,etc.AnalyzestheIEEE802.15.4ZigBeestandardsandnormsofprotocolstack,withitslessthanotheragreementaquarterofthesizeofthesize,thefunctionofacomplete,andanalyzestheapplicationinwetlandenvironmentmonitoringimplemental,aimatthewetlandenvironmentmonitoringsystemsaretheoveralldesign.ThroughtothemonitoringsystemofthefunctionalrequirementsoftheAngleanalysis,weanalyzedthebasestationnodeservice,acquisitionnodeofthefunctionandPCoperationfunctionofthepage,specificdesignandtherealizationofthefunctionofthevarioushardwaremodules.AbstractIIIPapersonwetlandenvironmentdetectionsystembasedonzigbeetherelevanttestarepresented,andgivetherelevanttestdata,provedthefeasibilityofthescheme.Thewirelesssensornetworktechnologyapplicationtowetlandwaterenvironmenthaveverygooddevelopment,forthedevelopmentofwetlandwaterenvironmentofgreatsignificance.KeywordsZigBeeWetlandDetectionSystemWirelessNetworkTechnology目录IV目录第1章绪论···················································································································11.1课题研究的背景和意义···················································································11.2国内外研究现状······························································································21.3论文的主要安排······························································································2第2章系统总体设计结构···························································································42.1无线网络技术··································································································42.1.1几种通信协议的比较················································································42.1.2ZigBee协议栈结构···················································································52.1.3ZigBee设备的类型及拓扑结构································································62.2系统的总体设计······························································································72.2.1系统的整体设计框架················································································72.2.2设备节点设计···························································································92.3本章小结··········································································································9第3章系统的硬件设计·····························································································103.1系统zigbee模块的选型················································································103.1.1UART·····························