基于单片机的环境温度检测系统的设计

哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文-I-基于单片机的环境温度检测系统的设计摘要随着国民经济的发展，人们需要对各中加热炉、热处理炉、反应炉和锅炉中温度进行监测和控制。采用单片机来对他们控制不仅具有控制方便，简单和灵活性大等优点，而且可以大幅度提高被控温度的技术指标，从而能够大大的提高产品的质量和数量。在日常生活及工业生产过程中，经常要用到温度的检测及控制，温度是生产过程和科学实验中普遍而且重要的物理参数之一。在生产过程中，为了高效地进行生产，必须对它的主要参数，如温度、压力、流量等进行有效的控制。温度控制在生产过程中占有相当大的比例。温度测量是温度控制的基础，技术已经比较成熟。传统的测温元件有热电偶和二电阻。而热电偶和热电阻测出的一般都是电压，再转换成对应的温度，这些方法相对比较复杂，需要比较多的外部硬件支持。我们用一种相对比较简单的方式来测量。我们采用美国DALLAS半导体公司继DS18B20之后推出的一种改进型智能温度传感器DS18B20作为检测元件，温度范围为-55~125ºC,最高分辨率可达0.0625ºC。DS18B20可以直接读出北侧温度值，而且采用三线制与单片机相连，减少了外部的硬件电路，具有低成本和易使用的特点。本文介绍一种基于AT89C51单片机的一种温度测量及报警电路,该电路采用DS18B20作为温度监测元件，测量范围0℃-～+100℃，使用LED模块显示，能设置温度报警上下限。正文着重给出了软硬件系统的各部分电路，介绍了集成温度传感器DS18B20的原理，AT89C51单片机功能和应用。该电路设计新颖、功能强大、结构简单。关键词：温度测量；DS18B20；AT89C51哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文-II-DesignofDigitalThermomerBasedonSCMAbstractAlongwithnationaleconomydevelopment,thepeopleneedtoeachheatingfurnace、theheat-treatmentfurnace、inthereactorandtheboilerthetemperaturecarryonthemonitorandthecontrol.Notonlyusesthemonolithicintegratedcircuittocometothemtocontrolhasthecontroltobeconvenient,simpleandflexibilitybigandsoonmerits,moreovermayenhancelargescaleisaccusedthetemperaturetechnicalspecification,thuscanbigenhancetheproductthequalityandquantity.Indailylifeandindustrialproductionprocess,oftenusedinthedetectionandcontroloftemperature,temperatureistheproductionprocessandscientificexperimentsingeneralandoneoftheimportantphysicalparameter.Intheproductionprocess,inordertoefficientlycarryouttheproduction,tobeitsmainparameters,suchastemperature,pressure,flowcontrol,etc...Temperaturecontrolintheproductionprocessofalargeproportion.Temperaturemeasurementisthebasisoftemperature-controlled,morematuretechnology.Traditionalthermocoupleandtemperaturecomponentsarethesecondresistor.Thethermocoupleandthermalresistancearegenerallymeasuredvoltage,andthenreplacedbythecorrespondingtemperature,thesemethodsarerelativelycomplex,requiringarelativelylargenumberofexternalhardwaresupport.Weusearelativelysimplewaytomeasure.WeusetheUnitedStatesfollowingDALLASSemiconductorDS1820improvedaftertheintroductionofasmarttemperaturesensorDS18B20asthedetectionelement,atemperaturerangeof-55~125ºC,uptoamaximumresolutionof0.0625ºC.DS18B20canbedirectlyreadoutthetemperatureonthenorthside,andthree-wiresystemwithsingle-chipconnectedtoadecreaseoftheexternalhardwarecircuit,withlow-costandeasyuse.Theintroductionofacost-basedAT89C51MCUatemperaturmeasurementcircuits,thecircuitsusedDS18B20high-precisiontemperatursensor,measuringscope0℃-～+100℃,cansetthewarninglimitation,theuseofsevensegmentsLEDthatcanbedisplaythecurrenttemperature.Thepaperfocusesonprovidingasoftwareandhardwaresystemcomponentscircuit,introducedthetheoryofDS18B20,thefounctionsandapplicationsofAT89C51.Thiscircuitdesigninnovative,powerful,canbeexpansionarystrong.Keywords：Temperaturmeasurement；DS18B20;AT89C51哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文-III-目录摘要.................................................................................................................................IAbstract....................................................................................................................II第1章绪论.................................................................................................................51.1课题背景及研究意义...........................................................................................51.2国内外现状...........................................................................................................51.3课题的设计目的...................................................................................................61.4课题的主要工作...................................................................................................61.5本文研究内容.......................................................................................................6第2章开发工具Proteus与Keil.................................................................................82.1Proteus软件..........................................................................................................82.1.1Proteus简介...................................................................................................82.1.24大功能模块.................................................................................................82.1.3ISIS智能原理图输入系统..........................................................................102.1.4Proteus简单应用.........................................................................................102.2Keil软件.............................................................................................................112.2.1Keil软件简介..............................................................................................112.2.2Keil软件调试功能......................................................................................112.3本章小结.............................................................................................................12第3章系统概述.........................................................................................................133.1方案选择..........................................................