AOD全铁水冶炼铁素体不锈钢工艺研究

20082AOD全铁水冶炼铁素体不锈钢工艺研究池和冰,邵世杰,李冬刚(不锈钢分公司炼钢厂,上海200431):结合不锈钢炼钢生产线的现有工艺和装备,对采用高炉铁水(脱磷后)和铬铁合金,在AOD炉内直接冶炼铁素体不锈钢工艺进行了研究和探讨该工艺的实现,解决了冶炼铁素体不锈钢时对磷等有害元素的控制(P0.020%)问题;在电炉出现故障时也可组织生产,实现生产组织的灵活性,提高了生产作业率;由于无需使用电炉熔化不锈钢母液,节约了大量电能,提高了铬综合收得率,降低了生产成本:AOD;全铁水;铁素体不锈钢:TF764.+1:B:1008-0716(2008)02-0016-05ResearchonSmeltingProcessofFerriticStainlessSteelwithHotMetalinAODChiHebing,ShaoShijie,LiDonggang(SteelmakingPlant,StainlessSteelBranch,Shanghai200431,China)Abstract:Onthebasisoftheexistingtechnologyandequipmentforstainlesssteelproduction,thesmeltingprocessforferriticstainlesssteelintheAODusingBFhotmetal(dephosphorized)andferrochromealloydirectlyisstudiedanddiscussed.Withthisprocess,theproblemofcontrollingphosphorusandotherharmfulelementstoalowerlevel(P0.020%)hasbeensolvedwhensmeltingferriticstainlessstee.lWiththisprocess,bothproductionflexibilityandefficiencyhavebeenincreased.Asnoelectricfurnaceisusedinsmelting,agreatdealofelectricpowerhasbeensaved,totalyieldofchromiumraisedandtheproductioncostlowered.Keywords:AOD;hotmeta;lferriticstainlesssteel0,AODAODVOD,,,,,,,,AOD,AOD,,AOD,[e-mail],AOD1AODAODAOD,,,,,VOD;AOD,LFLTSAODVOD,,AOD:VOD/LTS;LF/LTS1.1AODAOD,!,AOD,16池和冰等AOD(Cr=11%~18%),Cr-C,AODAOD1.1.1碳的行为及冶炼特性AOD,,Cr,,Cr-C,Cr-C,AOD,,AOD,pCO1AOD410L,,[C],[1][C](),,图1AOD全铁水冶炼410L不锈钢熔池中[C]的变化趋势Fig.1Trendsof[C]inthemeltingbathwhenusinghotmetaltomakestainlesssteelinAOD(Grade:410L)1.1.2Cr的行为及冶炼特性AOD,,,Cr,1660∀,,1~2.5t/minAOD,,10~20min,,,,C,,3,,1.5%~2.5%(2),CrC,,,1.2AOD1.2.1提高AOD冶炼各阶段CRE值的控制水平图2AOD全铁水冶炼400系不锈钢熔池中[Cr]的变化(410L)Fig.2Trendsof[Cr]inthemeltingbathwhenusinghotmetaltomakestainlesssteelinAOD(Grade:410L)1720082CRE,CRE[3],AODCRE,[Si][Al][Cr],[C],CRE[C],,CRE,,pCO,3图3CO分压和温度对[C],[Cr]平衡的影响Fig.3EffectofCOpartialpressureandtemperatureonbalancebetween[C]and[Cr]3,A,B,C,,CO,AODCRE,,CRE,10%~15%,1700∀,0.03%~0.05%,pCO0.03MPa,1#4CRE0.20~0.25,,11CRETable1TheCRErealvalueatdifferentstagesoflowcarbonferriticstainlesssteelinAODCRE410S30#900.2343025#950.21,,(1150∀),,(6%~8%),,CRE,,1.2.2AOD吹炼工艺,,,,,,AOD[1](2),,pCO0.75MPaCr12%,1470~1529∀(4),,,AOD,,/,pCO,,3O21N2,18池和冰等AOD图4410不锈钢的TCCrpCO平衡图Fig.4TheequilibriumoftheTCCrpCOforstainlesssteel(Grade:410)2Table2Conditionsofrawmaterialswithtwodifferentprocesses%CSiMnCr/∀1.6~2.80.10~0.450.20~1.510~1715302.5~3.50.030.060.031150CO0.75(5),,CO0.075MPa(),,,,,,/,,3#1,,(),/图5不同O/N比计算的pCO理论值Fig.5TheoreticalvalueoftheCOpartialpressurewithdifferentratioofoxygentonitrogen1.2.3AOD顶枪吹炼模式,,,,,,,::2500mm;:100~140m3/min,120m3/min;:1.2.4AOD过程温度控制1.2.4.1,,AOD,AOD,AOD,,6%~8%,Al,3H0:C(s)+1/2O2=CO(g)H0=-2.1kJ/kg(1)Al(l)+3/4O2=1/2Al2O3(s)H0=-8.24kJ/kg(2)Si(l)+O2=SiO3(s)H0=-8.8kJ/kg(3)3,S,iAl,C,Si,AlAl2O3,C,,AOD,Si210∀/1%,3(FeSi75)3,,5min(110m3/min)1300∀,1920082,AOD,,3Table3Applicationsoftheheatcompensationtechnology/kg/∀/∀15001180131028001150133731000108013041.2.4.2,,,2.6∀/(kg∃t)410,1670~1680∀,2.458t/min(4)[4],C=0.49%,Cr=10.92%,1664∀4.575TlgCr2O3∃3C2Cr∃p2CO=179050-113.82T(4),,,1~2t/min,16~20min,C-Cr,Cr,6图6铬铁投入速度调整前后的熔池铬元素氧化情况Fig.6Oxidationof[Cr]atdifferentFeCradditionspeeds6,,([C%]/min)(%)([Cr%]/min),2.5t/min,,,;2.5t/min2.0t/min,,2,97%,92%,,()7,AOD,P,,P0.016%,0.015%,,,P,Cu,Sn图7新工艺与原工艺在有害混杂元素控制方面的比较Fig.7Comparisonbetweennewandoldtechnologiesincontrolofharmfulelements3,,,4004AOD(下转第30页)2020082(2)VVVF,,,,(3)PLC,,,;;,(4),,,,,,,,45VVVF图4参数的实时(历史)监控画面Fig.4Realtimemonitoringpictureofparameters(historical),,,,;,,(:2008-01-04)(:2008-01-24)(上接第20页),,,,AOD,,,,,:,,,,,,[1].[M].:,1999:325-353.[2]FruehanRJ,MarfonikLJ.TheRateofAbsorptionofNitrogenIntoLiquidIronContainingOxygenSulphur[J].Metal.lTrans.,1980,11B(4):615-621.[3]ReichelJ,SzekelyJ.mathematicalmodelsandexperimentalverificationinthedecarburizationofindustrialscalestainlesssteelmelts[J].IronSteelmaker,1995,(5):41-48.[4].[M].:,2001:516-517.(:2007-07-31)(:2008-02-01)30