淮河上游全新世风成黄土与成壤环境变化研究

淮河上游全新世风成黄土与成壤环境变化研究李新艳,黄春长,庞奖励,王利军,何忠(,710062):在野外考察研究的基础上,在河南禹州全新世黄土-古土壤剖面系统采样,利用X-荧光光谱仪测定了常量元素的含量,并与磁化率粘粒含量及碳酸钙含量变化曲线对比发现:常量元素氧化物(Al2O3Fe2O3K2OMgO)含量随土壤地层呈现有规律变化,即在古土壤层(S0)中含量最高,表土层(MS)中次之,在黄土层(L1LtL0)中最低;Na2O在古土壤层淋失,在黄土层相对富集深入分析表明,淮河上游全新世黄土为风力沉积物,来源于黄河下游泛滥平原的风沙活动和沙尘暴沉积在古土壤层和表土层形成时期,气候温暖湿润,虽然仍然有沙尘暴发生,但是成壤作用和次生粘化作用较强;在黄土层堆积时期,气候干旱寒冷,黄河下游泛滥平原植被稀疏,风沙活动和沙尘暴强烈,风化成壤作用极其微弱这些化学成分含量与磁化率相关性很强,表明它们主要受全新世气候与成壤环境变化的控制::X142;S153:A:1000-6060(2007)03-0392-08(392~399)-,1-7!/8!Rb/Sr9,10!11!11!8,12!,,-,13-27!,YPC-,,1,,,14.4∀,10.2∀,-13.9∀,727.7∀,42.9∀;259.2,218;2422;680mm,-YPC2cm,118,-:(1)0~40cm(MS),,,,;(2)40~86cm(L0),,,,,;(3)86~146cm(S0),,,,;(4)146~186cm(Lt),,,,;(5)186cm(L1),,,,,30320075干旱区地理ARIDLANDGEOGRAPHYVo.l30No.3May.2007:2006-09-12;:2006-12-16:(40571154,40471119)(04BZS022):(1978-),,,,,-,3-6!:186cm,,28!,11500aBP,146cm,,8500aBP,86cmS0,28!,3100aBP,40cm1500aBPYPC2:10g2mm,,BatingtonMS-2B,(0.47Hz)(4.7Hz),5,:0.5g250ml,H2O2(10%)HCl(10%),;48,,;5ml0.05N(Na2PO3)6;MalvernMastersize-S12.50,20%5,:4g,200,,PanalyticalPW2403X-:29!,,CO2,MS-ExcelSPSS33.1,30-32!-33,34!YPC,(1),(S0)1YPC-(5-1m)(1m)Fig.1Diagramsofthestratigraphy,magneticsusceptibility,contentofclaygrainandcolloidgrainintheHoloceneloesspaleosolprofileattheYPCsite,YuzhouCounty,HenanProvince3933:,63~83.7#10-8m3/kg,73#10-8m3/kg,58.2~75.4#10-8m3/kg,66.6#10-8m3/kg;(L1),44.7~56.5#10-8m3/kg,50.3#10-8m3/kg,41.8~54#10-8m3/kg,47.2#10-8m3/kg;(Lt)(L0)(MS),,(MS)3.2,5m6!YPC5-1m7.6%~23.4%,(S0)19.14%,(L1)10.6%,45%;1m1.6%~3.6%,3.07%,1.88%,39%(1)3.3()SPSSR,3Al2O3Fe2O3MgOK2O,SiO2Na2O21:SiO258.9~66.4%,(L0)(S0),66%65%,(MS)(64%),(L1)(Lt),61%60%,;Al2O3Fe2O3K2OMgO,Al2O3,(S0)(MS),14%,(L0L1)(Lt),(L1)11.4%,Na2OAl2O3,(L1),1.9%,(L0)(Lt)1.8%1.7%,,1.5%3.4CaCO36,11,35!YPCCaCO3,0.02%~8.8%(2),,,,1%,5.8%(2),83%,(37%),2YPC-Fig2DiagramsofthestratigraphyandthecontentofoxidesandcalciumcarbonateintheHoloceneloesspaleosolprofileattheYPCsite,YuzhouCounty,HenanProvince394干旱区地理301YPC-Tab.1ContrastofoxideaveragecontentintheHoloceneloesspaleosolprofileatYPCsiteinYuzhouCounty,HenanProvinceSiO2/%Al2O3/%Fe2O3/%K2O/%MgO/%Na2O/%CaCO3/%MS2164144.72.51.91.51.6L02366134.22.41.71.81.3S03065144.72.621.51.2Lt2060123.92.21.71.75.4L12461113.62.11.71.95.7S05711.63.32.121.79.8L157.611.93.52.12.11.515.6S0L1∃%4(S0),,,,;(L1,Lt,L0),,,,,(MS)(L1)5m,,;(Lt)L1,;(S0),22%,8500aBP,,,;(L0),47%,L1,S0/L0(1),3100,,,,,;,,SiO2,0.558,,SiO2,,40%~80%,5%~20%,1%~20%36!YPCSiO2(L1)(S0)61%65%,SiO2,,SiO2SiO21!(Lt)(L1),SiO2(61%),(57.6%),Al,,,Al(OH)3K+Ba2+Mg2+37!(L1),Al2O3,(Lt),Al2O3,,,,;(S0),Al2O3,90-120cm,,8500-3100aBP,,;(L0),Al2O3,,L1,3100aBP,,,,,;(MS),Al2O3,,1500,37!,3953:,,Na2O(L0)(L1),,,,;,96cm,,S0,,,Na2O,(Lt)(S0)Na2O,LtS0,FeMgAlK(2)CaCO3(S0),(L1Lt)S0,,,,,CaCO3,CaCO3+H2O+CO2&Ca(HCO3)2(L1Lt)CaCO3,,,,,,Ca(HCO3)2CaCO3Ca2+SO42-CaSO437!(MS)CaCO3,(L0)CaCO3,SiO2YPCCaCO3(L1)(6.14%)(15.6%),;CaCO3(83%)(37%)1!,5(1)-(Al2O3Fe2O3K2OMgO),(S0),(MS),(L1LtL0),(2),:(L1)(11,500aBP),,,,,,,∋(11500-8500aBP),,,,,,,((8500-3100aBP),,,,,,,,)(3100aBP-)86-0cm,40-0cm,,,,,,,,,1500aBP,,,,,,,(References)1!LiuDonsheng,LuYanchou,ZhengHonghan.LoessandEnvironmentM!.Beijing:SciencePress,1985.1-481.,,.M!.:,1985.1-481.!2!HuangChunchang.EnvironmentalChangesM!.Beijing:SciencePress,1998.121-151..M!.:,1998.121-151.!3!HuangChunchang.ThedeteriorationoflandresourcesandthechangeinhumanearthrelationshipsintheWeiheRiverBasinat396干旱区地理303100aB.P.J!.GeographicScience,2001,21(2):30-35..3100J!.,2001,21(2):30-35.!4!HuangChunchang,PangJiangl,iChenBaoqun,eta.lLanddegradationanditssocialimpactintheWeiheRiverDrainageBasinduringthePredynasticZhouWesternZhouDynastyJ!.QuaternarySciences,2003,23(4):404-414.,,,.-J!.,2003,23(4):404-414.!5!HuangCC,PangJL,ChenSE,eta.lHolocenedustaccumulationandtheformationofpolicycliccinnamonsoilsintheChineseLoessPlateauJ!.EarthSurfaceProcessesandLandforms.2003,28,1259-1270.6!HuangCC,PangJL,ZhouQY,eta.lHolocenepedogenicchangeandtheemergenceanddeclineofrainfedcerealagricultureontheChineseLoessPlateauJ!.QuaternaryScienceReviews.2004,23,2525-2535.7!PangJiangl,iHuangChunchang,ZhangZhanping,eta.lRbSrelementsandhighresolutionclimaticrecordsintheloesspaleosolprofileatQishan,ShaannxiJ!.ACTASedimentologicaSinaca.2001,19(4):638-641.,,,.RbSrJ!.,2001,19(4):638-641.!8!GuoZT,LiuDS,GuiotJ,eta.lHighfrequencypulsesofEastAsianmonsoonclimateinthelasttwoglaciations:LinkwiththeNorthAtlanticJ!.ClimateDynamics.1996,12,701-709.9!ChenJun,WangYongjin,JiJunfeng,eta.lRb/SrvariationsanditsclimaticstratigraphicalsignificanceofaloesspaleosolprofilefromLuochuan,ShaanxiProvinceJ!.QuaternarySciences,1999,7(4):350-356.,,,.Rb/SrJ!.,1999,7(4):350-356.!10!ChenJun,AnZhisheng,WangYongjin,eta.lDistributionofRbandSrintheLuochuanloesspaleosolsequenceofChinaduringthelast800ka-implicationsforpaleomonsoonvariationsJ!.ScienceinChina:seriesD,1998,128(6):498-504.,,,.800kaRbSrJ!.(D),1998,128(6):498-504.!11!WenQizhong,DiaoGuiy,iJiaRongfen,eta.lGeochemicalindicatorsandtheirsignificanceinpaleoclimaticchangesinWeinanloesssectionsincethelastinterglacialJ!.Geochimica,1996,25(6):529-535.,,,.J!.,1996,25(6):529-535.!12!LiuTS,GuoZT,LiuJQ,eta.