本科毕业论文：民间融资原因及对策分析

本科毕业论文中小企业民间融资的原因和对策分析CausesandcountermeasuresoftheprivatefinancingofSMEsI中小企业民间融资的原因和对策分析专业班级：会计0804学生姓名：程思媛指导教师：张春景职称：讲师摘要中小企业是我国国民经济的重要组成部分，在我国社会经济的发展中起着相当重要的作用。中小企业能否健康发展关系着经济健康快速发展。但我国中小企业的发展道路仍然困难重重，尤其是中小企业的融资问题。目前，中小企业融资存在着严重依赖民间融资的现状，这种依赖对企业对经济发展都存在危害。如何建立健全中小企业融资服务体系，消除中小企业从途径正规融资的困难，是增强我国中小企业市场竞争力，保证经济持续健康发展的一个重要课题。本文主要从理论和实际两方面分析中小企业依赖民间金融融资的原因，指出过分依赖民间融资会造成的危害，提出解决中小企业从正规渠道融资难的对策，缓解民间融资过热带来的危害。通过研究发现，中小企业依赖民间融资的原因可以大致归结为民间融资的比较优势造成的吸引力和正规机构制度和经营模式对中小企业融资限制过多造成的排斥力，以及中小企业自身的各种不足导致的抑制正规金融机构放贷意愿。为了解决这一问题，要社会各界，各个领域配合同时采取措施，主要从银行、证券市场、政府、企业等方面进行改革。关键词：中小企业融资结构民间融资中小企业民间融资的原因和对策分析IICausesandcountermeasuresoftheprivatefinancingofSMEsAbstractSMEsareanimportantpartofournationaleconomy,andSMEsplayaveryimportantroleinthesocialandeconomicdevelopmentinChina.WhetherSMEscandevelopehealthilyhaverelationstotherapiddevelopmentoftheeconomy.However,thepathofdevelopmentofSMEsinChinaisstilldifficult,especiallySMEsfinancingproblems.Atpresent,financingofSMEsrelyheavilyonprivatefinancing.Thisdependencyisexistsharmeconomicdevelopment.HowtoestablishandimproveSMEfinancingservicesystem,andeliminatethedifficultiesofsmallandmediumenterprisesfromtheformalwayoffinancing,istoenhancethecompetitivenessoftheSMEmarketinChina,toensurethesustainedandhealthyeconomicdevelopmentisanimportanttopic.Inthispaper,IwillanalyzewhySMEsrelyonprivatefinancialfinancing,fromboththeoreticalandpracticalaspects,andpointoutthatover-relianceonprivatefinancingwillcausehazards.Atlast,IwillproposesolutionstoSMEstoeasetheoverheatingoftheharmofprivatefinance.ThestudyfoundthatreasonsforSMEsrelyonprivatefinancecanbebroadlyattributedtotheattractivenessofthecomparativeadvantageofprivatefinancingandtherepulsivenessofrestrictionsoftheformalinstitutions’systemsandbusinessmodelforSMEs.AndavarietyofthedisadvantagesofSMEsalsoinhibitthewillingnesstoformalfinancialinstitutionstolend.Tosolvethisproblemitneedsco-ordinationinvariousareasatthesametime,mainlyfromthebank,securitiesmarkets,government,andenterprisereform.Keywords：SMEsfinancingstructureprivatefinancingIII目录引言..............................................................................................................................1第一章中小企业融资概述..................................................................................21.1中小企业概述...............................................................................................................21.2融资结构........................................................................................................................3第二章中小企业融资结构现状.........................................................................52.1融资比例........................................................................................................................52.2依赖民间融资的危害..................................................................................................62.2.1企业陷入“高利贷”困境............................................................................62.2.2企业套取银行贷款，产业空心化严重.....................................................72.2.3地下民间融资盛行，国家税收大量流失.................................................8第三章中小企业依赖民间融资的原因...........................................................93.1客观原因.......................................................................................................................93.1.1基于金融抑制和制度变迁的思考..............................................................93.1.2从银行获得资金困难.....................................................................................93.1.3中小企业上市直接融资受限制...............................................................123.1.4民间融资的比较优势..................................................................................123.1.5政府政策支持力度不够............................................................................143.1.6中小企业信用担保制度不健全................................................................143.2主观原因....................................................................................................................143.2.1中小企业经营风险高信用水平低下......................................................143.2.2中小企业可供担保抵押的财产少...........................................................15第四章解决中小企业对民间融资依赖严重的对策.................................164.1企业层面.....................................................................................................................164.1.1提高企业信用水平，缓解银企信息不对称.........................................164.2银行等金融机构层面..............................................................................................164.2.1银行转变经营观念，加快金融产品创新..............................................16中小企业民间融资的原因和对策分析IV4.2.2民间融资阳光化，建立中小企业服务体系........................................174.3政府层面.....................................................................................................................174.3.1加快中小企业板块的发展，制定合理的上市标准............................174.3.2建立健全中小企业信用担保体系...........................................................184.3.3完善法律法规体系规范民间融资..........................................................18结束语................................................