西部湖泊资源的开发与生态环境保护

X(210008),,,,,,1,,,,;,,501100km2,80,,,,,507780100,1/3,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,20011X:20001024©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,;,,;,;;,,,1.0km21863,6.47km2[1],71%10.0km2453,6.09km2()2,,,192950km2,1950110km2,1986,134km2[2]19591983,,,[3],,(190919353.4,193619623.0,196319902.7),(190919353.3,193619623.0,196319902.6[3]),[4],,,,,1880256km2,1986380km2;1941,10,40%[5],,()(),197015.5km211km2,1986,15km210.5km2[6],,50454km2,1972457km2,1986457km2,,,,,,,[7],90%,,,,1908,3205m,4980km2,19863194m,4303km2,5010cm[8],,,222001©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.[9],25%[9],,195819884.4108m3,,3.88m[10],1.85m[10],3,,,,,,,,,18801980,0.5[11],,,(5N35N),,60;(35N70N)[12],,,,[4,13],,,,,[14];,,,[13],,,,,,,,[15],,;,,,,,,,,,,4(GCM)CO2,,,4GCMCO2,,,,,,,,[16],,,321©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.4(1),,,,,,,,,(2),;;,(3);,,,(4),,,1,..:.2,,..,1992,4(1):31-39.3,..,1993,25(3):280-287.4,.2.,1993,20(1):123-127.5,.2,.:,1986.69-184.6..,1992,4(1):19-30.7,.-.:,1989.1-135.8,..,1990,7:51-57.9,..,1992,47:267-273.10..,1992,15(1):10-16.11IPCC(IntergovenmentalPanelonClimateChange).ClimateChange1992TheSupplementaryReporttotheIPCCScientificAssessment(HoughtonJT,CallanderBA,Var2neySKeds.),Cambridge,UK:CambridgeUniversityPress,1992.1-110.12BradleyRS,DiazHF,EischeidJKetal.Precipitationfluctuationsovernorthernhemispherelandareassincethemid219thcentury.Science,1987,237:171-175.13.200.,1984,4:18-22.14....,1994,2:84-93.15,,.40.,1991,2(2):164-173.422001©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.TheResourceExploitationandEco2EnvironmentProtectionofLakesinWesternChinaQinBoqiangZhangYunlin(NanjingInstituteofGeography&Limnology,CAS,210008Nanjing)WiththeinvestigationsofchangesinlakestatusandwaterbalancefromthewesternChinainthe20century,thecharacteristicsandcausesoflakechangeshavebeensystematicallyanalyzed.Thesuggestionsandcountermeasuresoftheresourceexploitationandeco2environmentprotectionoflakesinaridareashavebeendiscussed.,,,40,SCI519811999()521©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.