JJF(闽) 1077-2016 桥梁挠度仪校准规范

福建省地方计量技术规范JJF（闽）1077－2016桥梁挠度仪校准规范CalibrationSpecificationforBridgeDeflectionInstrument2016-01-15发布2016-03-15实施福建省质量技术监督局发布JJF（闽）1077-2016桥梁挠度仪校准规范CalibrationSpecificationforBridgeDeflectionInstrument本规范经福建省质量技术监督局于2016年01月15日批准，并自2016年03月15日起施行。归口单位：福建省质量技术监督局主要起草单位：福建省计量科学研究院参加起草单位：北京光电技术研究所本规范由福建省计量科学研究院负责解释。JJF（闽）1077－2016JJF（闽）1077-2016本规范主要起草人：周志春（福建省计量科学研究院）刘震（福建省计量科学研究院）李巧丽（福建省计量科学研究院）参加起草人：孙海霞（北京光电技术研究所）JJF（闽）1077-2016I目录引言··························································································（II）1范围·····················································································（1）2引用文件···············································································（1）3术语····················································································（1）3.1挠度····················································································（1）3.2靶标····················································································（1）3.3光栅位移测量系统··································································（1）4概述·····················································································（1）5计量特性···············································································（2）5.1挠度示值误差········································································（2）5.2靶标灯中心距示值误差····························································（2）5.3挠度测量重复性·····································································（2）6校准条件·················································································（3）6.1环境条件··············································································（3）6.2操作条件··············································································（3）6.3校准用设备···········································································（3）7校准项目和校准方法································································（3）7.1校准项目···············································································（3）7.2校准方法··············································································（3）8校准结果表达···········································································（5）9复校时间间隔···········································································（5）附录A校准证书内页信息及格式···················································（6）附录B挠度示值误差测量结果的不确定度评定································（7）附录C光栅位移测量系统····························································（9）JJF（闽）1077-2016II引言JJF1071-2010《国家计量校准规范编写规则》、JJF1001-2011《通用计量术语及定义》、JJF1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》共同构成支撑本校准规范的基础性系列技术文件。本规范为首次发布。JJF（闽）1077-20161桥梁挠度仪校准规范1范围本规范适用于竖、横向挠度测量范围为（10~400）mm的桥梁挠度仪的校准。2引用文件本规范引用了下列文件：JJF1094-2002测量仪器特性评定凡是注日期的引用文件，仅注日期的版本适用于本规范。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本规范。3术语3.1挠度deflection挠度是指结构构件的轴线或中面由于弯曲引起垂直于轴线或中面方向的线位移。3.2靶标target发光点几何中心间距离固定的校准目标。3.3光栅位移测量系统gratingdisplacementmeasuringsystem由导轨、步进电机、光栅尺组成，可竖、横向移动的位移测量装置。4概述桥梁挠度仪主要用于桥梁静态、动态挠曲度的测量以及其他建筑物和构筑物的变形及震动位移监测。桥梁挠度仪是通过光学解析系统将待测光信号解析至线阵CCD上，通过测量检测靶标在CCD上成像的中心坐标的变化即可精确测量被测桥梁在载荷作用下产生的竖向和横向位移及其对时间的响应曲线的仪器。CCD上每个像素代表的实际位移值，可在测量之前进行标定得到。桥梁挠度仪和靶标见图1和图2。JJF（闽）1077-20162图1桥梁挠度仪1—提把；2—望远镜；3—粗瞄准器；4—对中器目镜；5—电源插座；6—基座；7—基座脚螺旋；8—垂直微动手轮；9—垂直制动手轮；10—电源开关；11—操作键盘；12—照明开关；13—数据插座；14—基座底板；15—光路盒；16—目镜调焦手轮；17—物镜调焦手轮；18—长水准器；19—屏幕；20—水平微动手轮；21—水平制动手轮；22—圆水准器图2靶标1—靶标遥控器天线；2—发光标志点手动开关；3—靶标电源开关；4—靶标垂直锁紧旋钮；5—靶标水平锁紧旋钮；6—发光标志点；7—靶标电池充电插孔；8—靶标固定孔5计量特性5.1挠度示值误差5.1.1竖向挠度示值误差挠度仪在垂直方向的示值误差，一般不超过仪器挠度测量范围的±1％。5.1.2横向挠度示值误差挠度仪在水平方向的示值误差，一般不超过仪器挠度测量范围的±1％。5.2靶标灯中心距示值误差靶标灯几何中心间的距离测量示值误差，一般不超过±0.1mm。5.3挠度测量重复性JJF（闽）1077-20163挠度测量重复性一般不超过0.05mm。注1：挠度测量范围与分辨力、像素和距离有关，为对应测量距离时的挠度测量最大范围。注2：由于校准工作只给出测量结果，不判断合格与否，以上计量特性仅供参考，验收时按用户和制造商双方达成的技术协议，复校时按用户的规定。6校准条件6.1环境条件温度：(20±5)℃。湿度：不大于85%RH。其它：无振动，无波动气流。6.2操作条件校准时，应严格按照制造商所提供的仪器说明书操作，整平仪器，将靶标灯成像于屏幕中间，设置适当的亮度和采样率，标定后进行校准。6.3校准用设备校准用设备见表1。表1校准项目和校准用设备序号校准项目校准用设备1竖、横向挠度示值误差光栅位移测量系统（MPE：±0.02mm）2靶标灯中心距示值误差影像测量仪（MPE：±（2.5+L/300）μm）3挠度测量重复性光栅位移测量系统（MPE：±0.02mm）7校准项目和校准方法7.1校准项目桥梁挠度仪校准项目见表1。以下项目的校准方法和测量标准及其他设备的选取，可根据测量结果的不确定度要求确定。7.2校准方法首先检查外观，确定没有影响计量特性的因素后进行校准。7.2.1竖、横向挠度示值误差将被校仪器放置在距靶标灯约20m处，连接并精确整平仪器。将靶标灯固定JJF（闽）1077-20164在光栅位移测量系统的平台上，用挠度仪望远镜瞄准靶标灯，手动调焦使靶标灯清晰成像于屏幕中间。对被校仪器进行标定，应重复多次测量，待数据稳定后，得到竖、横向稳定的标定系数。进入桥梁挠度静态测量模块，获取基准点，竖向移动靶标灯，移动的距离作为挠度测量的参考值，用挠度仪测量相应的竖向挠度。按公式（1）计算竖向挠度示值误差。按测量范围均匀分布10个测量位置，测量各位置的实测挠度值。取10个位置中示值误差最大值作为20m处竖向挠度测量示值误差。校准过程示意图见图3。0iiiLLL（1）式中：iL—第i点挠度示值误差；iL—第i点挠度实测值；0iL—第i点挠度参考值。图3校准过程图将靶标灯移动到起始位置，重新获取基准点。横向移动靶标灯，按上述步骤进行横向挠度示值误差的校准，得到20m处横向挠度示值误差。将被校仪器放置在距靶标灯约40m处，按上述步骤进行竖、横向挠度示值误差的校准，得到40m处竖、横向挠度示值误差。7.2.2靶标灯中心距示值误差将靶标固定在影像测量仪工作台上，测量靶标灯中心点之间的距离。靶标灯中心标称距离与实测距离之差为靶标灯中心距示值误差校准结果。7.2.3挠度测量重复性将被校挠度仪放置在距靶标灯约20m处，对被校仪器进行标定后，进入桥梁挠度静态测量模块，获取基准点。竖向移动靶标灯1mm，测量仪器的实测挠度值，重复测量10次，按公式（2）计算挠度测量重复性。JJF（闽）1077-2016521()1niiLLsn（2）式中：s—挠度测量重复性；iL—第i次挠度实测值；L—挠度测量平均值。8校准结果表达经校准的桥梁挠度仪出具校准证书，校准证书内容见附录A。9复校时间间隔由于复校时间间隔的长短是由仪器的使用情况、使用者、仪器本身质量等因素所决定的，因此送检单位可根据实际使用情况自主决定复校时间间隔，建议为1年。JJF（闽）1077-20166附录A校准证书内页信息及格式A.1校准证书至少包括以下信息：a）标题：“校准证书”；b）实验室的名称和地址；c）进行校准的地点（如果与实验室的地址不同）；d）证书的唯一性标识（如编号），每页及总页数的标识；e）客户的名称和地址；f)被校对象的描述和明确