基于项目全生命周期的工程变更控制方法研究兼对BIM技术

基于项目全生命周期的工程变更控制方法研究——兼对BIM技术应用的探讨摘要由于建设项目实施的复杂性、长期性和动态性，任何建设项目都不可能预见和覆盖项目实施过程中所有可能的变化，因此对于建设项目而言，工程变更是不可避免的。工程变更对合同价格和合同工期具有很大的破坏性，成功的工程变更管理有助于建设项目工期和投资目标的实现。虽然工程变更主要发生在实施阶段，然而它涉及项目的整个生命周期。目前，有关研究机构和建设单位把工程变更管理和控制的重点放在工程实施阶段，而缺乏对项目前期决策阶段、设计阶段以及项目建成后对工程变更管理的后评价。但是，项目实施阶段发生的绝大多数工程变更均源于项目前期决策阶段和设计阶段，特别是设计阶段的地位更加特殊，决定了整个项目70%的投资额度。所以，只有加强在项目决策阶段和设计阶段进行变更控制，才能从根本上降低变更发生的频率，减少变更对建设项目的负面影响。基于此，本文将对工程变更的影响因素进行分析，并结合BIM技术在全生命周期的工程变更控制中的作用，系统性的对工程变更的全生命周期控制进行研究，以致更好地实现对工程变更的控制。关键词：工程变更BIM技术全生命周期控制Astudyonfulllifecycleoftheproject-basedengineeringchangecontrolmethod——DiscussionoftheuseofBIMAbstractDuetothecomplex,long-termanddynamicnatureoftheconstructionprojectimplementation,anyconstructionprojectcouldnothaveforeseenandoverlaidprojectsofallpossiblechangesintheimplementationprocessforconstructionprojects，theengineeringchangeisinevitable.Theprojecthasgreatdestructivechangestothecontractpriceandcontractduration,thesuccessofengineeringchangemanagementhelpsthedurationoftheprojectandinvestmentgoals.Engineeringchangeoccursmainlyintheimplementationstage.However,itrelatedtotheentireprojectlifecycle.Atpresent,relevantresearchinstitutionsandtheconstructionunitstoengineeringchangemanagementandcontrolofthefocusonprojectimplementationphaseandthelackofafterthecompletionoftheprojectearlydecision-makingphase,designphaseandprojectaftertheevaluationoftheengineeringchangemanagement.However,ingeneral,theprojectimplementationstageofthevastmajorityofengineeringchangearederivedfromtheprojectpre-decisionphaseanddesignphase,especiallyinthedesignphaseofthepositionisevenmorespecial,anddecidedtheamountofinvestmentof70%oftheentireproject.So,onlybystrengtheningthechangecontrolintheprojectdecision-makingstageanddesignstage,canradicallyreducethefrequencyofchangeoccurs,andreducethenegativeimpactofchangeonconstructionprojects.Basedonthis,thethesisanalysesvariationinfluencingfactors,combinedwiththeroleofBIMtechnologyinthefulllifecycleofengineeringchangecontrol,systematicallystudythecontrolofthelifecycleofengineeringofvariation,resultinginbetterengineeringcontrolofvariation.Keywords:EngineeringchangeBIMtechnologyFulllifecycleControl目录第一章绪论...................................................................................................................................11.1选题背景和意义..................................................................................................................11.1.1选题背景..................................................................................................................11.1.2选题意义..................................................................................................................11.2文献研究...............................................................................................................................21.2.1相关合同中工程变更的对比分析............................................................................21.2.2不同文献中对工程变更的分析................................................................................51.3主要研究内容及框架...........................................................................................................81.3.1研究内容....................................................................................................................81.3.2本文研究技术路线....................................................................................................8第二章相关理论介绍...............................................................................................................102.1工程变更相关知识.............................................................................................................102.1.1相关概念的比较......................................................................................................102.1.2工程变更的分类.......................................................................................................112.1.3工程变更成因分析..................................................................................................142.1.4工程变更控制原则..................................................................................................152.2BIM技术相关理论概述....................................................................................................172.2.1BIM技术简介.........................................................................................................172.2.2BIM系统的特性.....................................................................................................182.2.3BIM在工程变更控制中的技术方法.....................................................................20第三章工程变更的全生命周期控制...................................................................................263.1决策阶段工程变更的控制................................................................................................263.1.1决策阶段诱发工程发变更的原因分析及应对措施..............................................263.1.2BIM技术在决策阶段工程变更控制中的应用.....................................................283.2设计阶段工程变更的控制................................................................................................303.2.1设计阶段诱工程发变更的原因分析及应对措施.........................