商务智能在企业中的应用

上海交通大学硕士学位论文商务智能在企业中的应用姓名：李怡申请学位级别：硕士专业：软件工程指导教师：陆朝俊;张伟荣20081001I,WTOOLAPIISAPBISAPBISAPBIABSTRACTIIIAPPLICATIONSOFBUSINESSINTELLIGENCEINCORPARATIONSABSTRACTInrecentyears,theinformationsystemsoflarge-scalecompanieshavebeendevelopedsteadily.Alsotheamountofdataeachoperationsystemstoresisexponentiallyincreasing.Thesecompaniesarenotsatisfiedwithsystemsimplementationanymore.Theynowfocusonthedecision-makingbyanalyzingsuchextensivequantityofdata.Becauseoftherelativeindependenceofeachsystem,interfacescannotbeeasilyrealized.Data-analysisusuallydependsontheprogrammingreports.ThismodecanhardlyachievedatasharingandOLAP.Thesecompaniesrealizedthatasuccessfulbusinesssystemdidnotequaltoasuccessfuldecisionsupportsystem.Nowtheyaretryingtolookforothersolutionstobusinessintelligence.Withthedevelopmentofthereform,thefreighttransportofChineseshippingcompaniesiscontinuouslyrising.Theinformationoftheircustomersandsuppliersisincreasingaswell.Thesecompaniesfindthatithasbecomemoreandmoredifficulttoanalyzetheirbusinessdata.Atfirstthispaperdeeplydiscussesthecharacterandframeworkofdatawarehouse,andalsotheconceptionandapplicationofOLAP.Basedontheanalysisofdomesticshippingcompaniesrequirements,thepaperdesignsamodelofdatawarehousebyusingSAPBI.Withtheapplicationenvironmentofdatawarehouse,areportsystemiscreatedtoanalyzingyearscollectedoperationdata/record.Andthevaluableconclusionscanbedrawfromit.Themanagementcanachievedifferentanalyticalviewsandreportswithdifferentdimensions.Forexample,variousanalyticresultsofcustomerandsupplierscanbegotthroughdifferentqueries.Thoughthesecompanieshavecreatedtheirdatawarehouses,theystillcannotidentifyingvaluableinformationandpotentialknowledgedirectly.Thepaperthendiscussesthemethod,theapplicationandtheprocessofdatamining.Basedonthesetheories,thepapercreatesamodelofdatamining.Thismodelfacilitatesthemanagementtoefficientlyuncoverinformationandknowledgeaboutcustomersandsuppliesatdeeplevelandtransformsindirectandobscureinformationintoastraightforwardway.ABSTRACTIVThemanagementwillbenefitfromitindecisionmakingprocess.Withtheapplicationofbusinessintelligence,moreaccuratedecision-makinginformationcanbeprovidedbytheBIsystem.Themanagementcancontroltheoverallinterestsoftheircompaniesmoreeasily.Andtheenterprisevaluewillbemaximized.KEYWORDS:businessintelligence,datawarehouse,SAPBI,datamining20081015□5“√”20081015200810151(OLAP)(Extract)(Transform)(Load)1.11989GartnerGroupHowardDresner:GartnerGrouPDataWarehouseInstituteDanPratte():21.2(TPS)(EIS)(DSS)MISEISMIS;internetWeb(ETL)3:1.3ETL()OLAP]1[1.3.1BI(CRM)(SCM)(ERP)(DataWarehouse)W.H.Inmon1.3.2(OLAP)(OnlineAnalyticalProcessingOLAP)EFCodd19944OLAPOLAPOLAP()()()()()ROLAP(OLAP)MOLAP(OLAP)1.3.3OLAP(Predictive)(Descriptive)6(MarketAnalysis)(ClusteringDetection)(NeuralNetworks)(DecisionTrees)(GeneticAnalysis)(LinkAnalysis)(CaseBasedReasoning)(RoughSet)OLAPOLAPOLAP5OLAPOLAP1.3.4BIWebWebWebWeb62080WilliamInmon2.172-1()()(1)(l)(2)(2)(3)(3)(4)(4)(5)()(5)(6)(6)(7)(7)(8)(8)(9)(9)GBTB2.282.3]7[2-1Fig.2-1DataWarehouseArchitecture9(l):(2)InformationDirectory(3)10EISOLAPWeb2.4(DataMart)DataMartsSubjectArea2.5:11:(l):(2):(3):(4):(5):122.6]6[123456132.7ETLETLETLETL3ETLETLETLETLETLETLdatastagepowermartETLBIOLAP12ID143IDBIETLETLETL1ETL2ETLETL3ETLETL2.8OLAP2.8.1OLAPE.F.Codd1993CoddOLTPSQL15CoddOLAPOLAPOLAPOLAP2.8.2OLAPOLAP12N2006125002-2OLAPFig.2-2StructuralModelsofShippingEnterprisesOLAP:(l):OLAP516(2):OLAP(3):OLAP(4):OLAPOLAP(MDM)MDMOLTP;OLAPOLTPOLAP172-2OLAPOLTPOLTPOLAP,,/////2-35-10100MB-GB100GB-TB182.8.3OLAPOLAPOLAP:OLAP(MOLAP)OLAP(ROLAP)OLAP(HOLAP)(1)MOLAP:MOLAPOLAPMOLAPOLTP()OLAPOLAPMDDBMOLAP(85%)MOLAPOLAPMOLAP(2)ROLAP:ROLAPMOLAPOLAPSQLROLAP()ROLAPMOLAP(3)HOLAP:MOLAPROLAPOLAPOLAPOLAP(HOLAP)MOLAPROLAPHOLAPHOLAPMOLAPROLAPHOLAP:191MDDBRDBMS2HOLAPMDDBRDBMSHOLAP3RDBMSHOLAPMOLAPROLAP2.8.4OLAPOLAP(Whathappened)OLAp(Whatnext)(Whatif)OLAPOLAP:(l):()(2):OLAP(3):;;(4):20SAP21SAPBISAPBISAPBISAP]4[SAPBIOLAPBIEXCEL3-1SAPBIFig.3-1SAPBIArchitectureSAP223.1SAPBI(PSA)-DSO-CUBE3-2Fig.3-2DesignofDataWarehousestructureDSODSOSAPR/3ETLTSDSOUPDATECUBEOLAPSAP23123453.2SAPBI1)InfoAreaInfoAreaSAPBIWINDOWSBIInfoObjectDSOCube2)InfoObjectInfoObjectSAPBIBI(Characteristics)(KeyFigures)CharacteristicsSAP24(KeyFigures)InfoObjects3)PSAPSAPSAPSABIPSAPSAPSA4)DSODSOSAPBIDSODSODSOOLTPDSODSOSAPDSODSO5)InfoCubeSAPBISAP25SIDCharacteristics)IDSIDIDSAPBISIDSIDSIDInfoCubeSID_SID_SID_ID_ID_ID_ID_ID_SID_ID_SID_ID_SID_ID_SID_SID_SID_SID_SID_3-3BIFig.3-3BIStarSchemaModelSAP26SID6)InfoSourceSAPBI12InfoObjectInfoObject7)InfoSourceInfoCubeDSOInfoObjectsDSO/SAP27InfoSource//ABAP/InfoObjectInfoObject/8)InfoProviderBExBEx3-4Fig.3-4DataTransferofInfoProviderSAP283.3SAPBIETLSAPBISAPBISAPERP3-5BIFig.3-5BIDatasourceandInterfaceSAPBIETL1)EXCEL2)SAPERPSAPSAPSAPNetWeaverSAPNetWeaverABAPSAPSAPSAP29SAPSAPSAPBISAPSAPSAPSAPBISAPBISAPBIDeltaDeltaDeltaDelta(DSO)InfoCubes3)BAPISAPBI(StagingBAPI)ETLBIBIETLBIBAPIBI4)SAPSAPBISAPSAPSAPBISAP30SAPBIBICRMPLMSRM5)DTPSAPBI3.4SAPBIOLAPOLAPOLAPBIBExOLAPBISAPBIOLAPSAP31OLAP1InfoCUbeInfoObject2BIBIBExBEx3.5SAPBExOLAP