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小升初语法讲义---动词第一讲时态串烧一、课程介绍知识点1.一般现在时的用法2.现在进行时的用法3.一般将来时的用法4.一般过去时的用法教学重点1.四种时态的结构2.四种时态的标志词3.四种时态的用法教学难点一般过去时的用法二、要点回顾用单词的适当形式填空1.He_________TVatthemoment.(watch)2.Mymotheroften________inbed.(read)3.Imusttakeitbackthedayaftertomorrow.Youcanonly__________itfor24hours.(keep)4.I_________(buy)anewdictionarythisweekend.5.They____________(take)photosneartheriveranhourago.三、知识精要时态结构一般现在时am/is/are/do现在进行时am/is/are+doing一般将来时will+do/am/is/aregoingtodo一般过去时was/were/did四、要点讲练【要点1】一般现在时1.构成动词一般现在时,除主语为单数第三人称以外,谓语动词一律用原形,若主语为第三人称单数,则谓语动词的词尾应发生变化(加-s或-es)。另外be和have有特殊的人称变化形式。详见下表:动词be动词haveIamastudentYouareastudentHe(She)isastudent.We(You,They)arestudents.Ihaveapen.Youhaveapen.He(She)hasapen.We(You,They)havepens.小贴士2.用法a.表示经常发生的动作、行为或存在的状态。常用的时间状语有:often,usually,always,sometimes,seldom,never,everyday/week/year…等。例如:IgotoschooleverydayexceptSunday.除了星期日,我每天上学。b.表示一种客观事实或普遍真理,或在谚语中。例如:Theearthmoves/goesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。【例题】ThestudentsofClassOne_____anEnglishclasseveryday.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.having【即学即用】Myfriend,LucyfromCanada.A.beB.comeC.comesD.are【要点2】现在进行时1.构成现在进行时由助动词be的人称形式加动词的现在分词构成。它的肯定式,否定式及疑1.一般现在时的三单用法:当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式。谓语动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则如下:1)一般在动词后直接加s。如:talk–talks,live–lives,stay-stays。2)以s,x.,ch,sh或o结尾的动词在其后加es。如:watch–watches,wash–washes,go–goes。3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变成i再加es。如:carry–carries,fly–flies。4)特殊的,如:have的第三人称单数为has。问式的结构如下:肯定式否定式疑问式Iamworkingnow.Youareworkingnow.He(She)isworkingnow.We(You,They)areworkingnow.Iamnotworkingnow.Youarenotworkingnow.He(She)isnotworkingnow.We(You,They)arenotworkingnow.AmIworkingnow?Areyouworkingnow?Ishe(she)workingnow?Arewe(you,they)workingnow?2.用法a.表示说话时正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有:now,atthemoment等,look,listen也是现在进行时的标志词。例如:Whoareyouwaitingfor?你在等谁?b.一些表示位置移动的词,如:go,come,leave,arrive,move,die等,常用现在进行时态来表示将来时。例如:Heiscomingsoon.他不久就要来了。MyfamilyismovingtoBeijingnextmonth.我们家下个月要搬到北京。【例题】Whereisyourfather,Mike?—He_______inthekitchen.A.cooksB.cookedC.iscookingD.hascooked【即学即用】Look!Jane’sgrandmother_______withsomeagedpeopleinthepark.A.dancesB.dancedC.isdancingD.wasdancing【要点3】一般将来时1.构成:动词一般将来时由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成。shall用于第一人称作主语,will用于第二、三人称作主语。除英国外的说英语的国家,在陈述句中,即使在第一人称,一般也用will。在口语中,常用shall。will的缩写形式’ll,shallnot的缩写形式为:shan’t,willnot的缩写形式为:won’t。详见下表:肯定式否定式疑问式not的缩写形式为:won’t。详见下表:肯定式否定式疑问式I(We)shall/willgothere.I(We)shall/willnotgothere.ShallI(we)gothere?You(He,She,They)willgothere.You(He,She,They)willnotgothere.Willyou(he,she,they)gothere?2.用法a.willdo结构:表示将要发生的动作或状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如:tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nexttime,nextyear,inafewday,inthefuture,soon,fromnowon,in+一段时间,等。例如:I'llgoandseehernextFriday.我下周五去看她。b.begoingtodo结构:表示说话人根据已有的迹象判断即将发生的事,begoingto结构中的be随着句子中主语的人称而变化。例如:Lookattheseblackclouds.Ithinkit'sgoingtorain.看这些黑云,我想天要下雨了。c.therebe句型的一般将来时:表示将来某地会有某人或某物,构成为:therewillbe或thereis/aregoingtobe,用is或are要看后面的名词。否定句在will后加not,疑问句把will提到there前。例如:Therewillbeafootballmatchinourschooltomorrow.明天在我们学校将有一场足球比赛。小贴士【例题】Lookattheblackclouds.It________tomorrow.A.rainsB.willbegoingtorainC.isgoingtorainD.begoingtorain【即学即用】There_______ameetingtomorrowafternoon.therewillbe句型只表示物体所处的地点,存在的人或物并不属于某个地方,所以句中不能出现表示拥有关系的have或has;句中的be只能使用原形,不能变化成它的具体形式。A.isgoingtobeB.willbegoingtoC.willgoingtobeD.willgotobe【要点4】一般过去时1.构成:一般过去时其谓语动词使用动词过去式形式。2.用法表示在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,常用的时间状语有:yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday(前几天),justnow,onceuponatime,in+过去时间,intheolddays,atthattime/moment,afewdays/months/weeks/yearsago等。例如:HeleftforBeijingyesterdaymorning.他昨天上午到北京去了。【例题】IhavebeentoShanghai.I________therelastmonth.A.goB.wentC.goesD.goto【即学即用】—Tomvisithisuncleyesterdayafternoon?—No,he.A.Did;didB.Did;didn'tC.Does;doesn'tD.Do;don't肯定式否定式疑问式一般动词I(You,He,She,We,They)workedthere.I(You,He,She,We,They)didnotworkthere.Didyou(I,he,she,we,they)workthere?be动词I(He,She,It)wasthere.We(You,They)werethereI(He,She,It)wasnotthere.We(You,They)werenotthere.WasI(he,she,it)there?Wereyou(we,they)there?have动词I(You,He,She,We,They)hadbooks.I(You,He,She,We,They)hadnot/didn'thaveanybooksHadI(you,he,she,we,they)anybooks?或DidI(you,he)haveanybooks?课后作业习文练笔[题目要求]写一封信给你的笔友,介绍你家人的情况。[词汇热身]①又高又瘦______________②看书______________③上班______________④步行______________[连句成篇]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二讲时态辨析一、课程介绍知识点1.一般现在时与一般过去时的辨析2.一般现在时与现在进行时的辨析3.一般将来时begoingto与will的辨析教学重点1.一般现在时与一般过去时的辨析2.一般现在时与现在进行时的辨析3.一般将来时begoingto与will的辨析教学难点1.一般现在时与现在进行时的辨析2.一般将来时begoingto与will的辨析二、要点回顾(一)填空1.are→_________(过去式)2.sit→_________(现在分词)3.see→_________(过去式)4.study→_________(现在分词)5.have→_________(三单形式)(二)用单词的适当形式填空1.Look!Yourbrother__________inthebasketballmatch.(play)2.Icall
本文标题:小升初语法专题---动词时态与情态动词 23页
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