1949_1954年美国对香港的经济防卫政策

©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.()No162000188JournalofNortheastNormalUniversity(PhilosophyandSocialSciences)SumNo1188[]2000-03-23[](1972-),,,1949-1954(,130024)[],,19491954,,,,[];;[]K153[]A[]1001-6201(2000)06-0056-06,,,,,19491954,,,,,[1](P474-475,492-494),,,,,[2](P176)194933,(NSC)NSC41,,,,65©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[1](P828-830),,NSC41,;;[1](P832-834),,NSC41,:1948919499,5804800;20804840[1](P973)1949331,,,,[1](P835-837),,,19495,,,,,,[1](P875-878),,1A,1B[1](P893),,,,,,[3](P52),,,[1](P825),,,,,,,,1950123,,,1213,,,,,,1216,,[4](P221)1217,,,,1951119,NSC10275©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[5](P1000-1005)1951212,NSC104,,,,,[5](P1023-1035),1951412,NSC104/2NSC104/2,,[5](P1059-1065),1951514,18,47,8,,,(),,19528,,,,(),195110,1951,,[6](P3101-3105),,,,;,,19512,,,,,,194975%[7](P1989-1990),,,,NSC104/2,,[5](P1065),,,19513,41000000[8](Frame1038):,1952118,(NSC122),,122/127,85thePositiveListofControlledCommodities,©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[9](P5-8)NSC122/119522,-(ImportCertificate-DeliveryVerification(IC/DV)System)[10](P1075),,,,,-,,,,[8](Frame1185-1186),19533,,[11](P931),,,,,19537,10,,1954,,1954[12](P168),1955,[11](P940),[9](P268),,1953731,NSC152/2NSC104/2,,,[11](1012-1014),NSC152/2:NSC122/1,NSC152/2NSC122/1[13](Frame0147),NSC152/2,,NSC152/2NSC122/1NSC152/2NSC152/3[14](P83-91)95©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:,;,NSC122/1,,[9](P267),NSC122/1,,,NSC152/3NSC122/1[9](P267-269),NSC152/3NSC152/3,,;,,,[9](P269-270)NSC122/1,NSC152/3,,,1954,NSC152/3,,1954617,NSC152/3,,1954830,NSC152/3,,,,,,35%B,[11],[15](P7),,[16](P53-66),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,06©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[][1]USDepartmentofState.ForeignRelationsoftheUnitedStates,1949,Vol.9[Z].WashingtonDC:GovernmentPrint2ingOffice,1974.[2].[M].:,1989.[3]KarlLottRankin.ChinaAssignment[M].Seattle:UniversityofWashingtonPress,1964.[4]GaryClydeHufbauer,JeffreyJSchott,andKimberleyAnnElliott(eds.)EconomicSanctionsReconsidered:HistoryandCurrentPolicy[Z].WashingtonDC,1985.[5]USDepartmentofState.ForeignRelationsoftheUnitedStates,1951,Vol.1[Z].WashingtonDC:GovernmentPrint2ingOffice,1980.[6]USDepartmentofState.AmericanForeignPolicy,1950-1955[Z].NewYork:ARNOPress,1971.[7]USDepartmentofState.ForeignRelationsoftheUnitedStates,1951,Vol.7[Z].WashingtonDC:GovernmentPrint2ingOffice,1983.[8]USDepartmentofState.MicrofilmofTheRecordsoftheOfficeofChineseAffairs,1945-1955Roll28[Z].Wilming2ton,Delaware:ScholarlyResourcesInc.,1989.[9]USDepartmentofState.ForeignRelationsoftheUniteStates,1952-1954,Vol.14[Z].WashingtonDC:GovernmentPrintingOffice,1985.[10]USDepartmentofState.AmericanForeignPolicy,1956[Z].NewYork:ARNOPriting,1971.[11]USDepartmentofState.ForeignRelationsoftheUniteStates,1952-1954,Vol.1[Z].WashingtonDC:GovernmentPrintingOffice,1984.[12]JamesTuck-HongTang.BritainsEncounterwithRevolutionaryChina,1949-1954[M].London:MaCmillanPressLtd.,1992.[13]USDepartmentofState.MicrofilmofTheRecordsoftheOfficeofChineseAffairs,1945-1955Roll34[Z].Wilm2ington,Delaware:ScholarlyResourcesInc.,1989.[14].[J].(),1996,(2):18-22.[15]NancyBennkopfTacker.Taiwan,HongKongandtheUnitedStates(1945-1992),AnCertainFriendship[M].Twayne,1994.[16],.(1942-1960)[J].,1997,(3):53-66.AnAnalysisoftheU.S.EconomicDefensePolicytowardHongKong,1949-1954GUOYou-xin(DepartmentofHistory,NortheastNormalUniversity,Changchun130024,China)Abstract:TheU.S.economiccontainmentpolicytowardthePeoplesRepublicofChinawasanimportantpartoftheU.S.EastAsiacontainmentstrategy.InordertoensurethesuccessfulimplementationoftheU.S.economiccontainmentpolicytowardtheP.R.China,toChinesesouthgateway,HongKong,theU.S.undertookstricttradecontrol,andattemptedtorestraintheonlycorridorbetweentheP.R.ChinaandtheWest.In1949-1954,in2fluncedbythechangesoftheU.S.economiccontainmentpolicytowardtheP.R.China,theU.S.economicde2fensepolicytowardHongKongunderwentadevelopmentalprocessfromweakeningthetransitfunctionofHongKongtocarryingoutthelicencecontroltowardit.ThismutationindicatedthatHongKonghadbecomethebridge2headoftheU.S.containingtheP.R.Chinaafterthefoundationofthelatter.Keywords:theUnitedStates;economiccontainmentpolicytowardChina;economicdefensepolicytowardHongKong[:]16