外国经济与管理

249Vol.24No.920029ForeignEconomies&ManagementSep.2002:F271:A:100124950(2002)0920013207(,310014):,,:;;;,,,,,,,,,,();,,,,,,,,,,;,,,2060-70,,,7%,4%,19785801996650;90,,:2002-07-20:(1959),,31©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,1999315%,516%,,[5],,809010%19972360()[4],200,200,3153%2300500,,,,(1)1(%)1966-1969615312--1969-1972710318--1972-1975611411--1975-1981612314--1981-1986417410141111181986-1989412316141212151989-1991417411131412131991-1994417416131311181994-199631831713181210:,1999:,1999,,,;,[6],,,;,,,,,,,,,2(%)1234567891015167184135165162173173142162191913171214131218917913910719710:(1999),(1997),,,4-10()141©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.8414%,27616%,37213%,8017%6315%4915%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:11,,,,,:(1);(2);(3);(4),,,,,,,,,,(BabsonCollege)(JeffryA.Timmons)51©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.:,,,,;,,,;,,,;,,,,;,,,,,;,;,,,,,;,,,,,,,33;;;;,2080,2000159,44,,(siliconharbor)(sili2conmontain)(siliconhill)(siliconforest)(siliconbeach)800,35,,,2070,147,3017,2319(SBIC),,,SBA,,,[2],61©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.2060701946,,MITARD(AmericanResearchDevelopment),1957DEC(Digi2talEquipmentCo.),,,1958,,(SmallBusinessInvestmentCo.,SBIC),60ALZAIntelAMDAmdahlAppliedMa2terials,8070,,19781981,49%20%,,,Oracle3COMAdaptecSiliconGraphicsAdobeXilaxCiscoGenetics9090,,,,,Pixar,20601970-1973,,(KED)(NED)13,1982-1986,,601994,,1996,147,5423,2319,3017,,,,,,,,;(4)4,,58%10,90%10,58VC,300-500,[6]71©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,2%,1938,,1953,(SmallBusinessAct),1911,,,32,1948,,5519631953SmallBusinessAct19481953(SBA)19721946ARD19631958SBIC(SmallBusinessIn2vestmentCompany)1982(JAFCO)19696,,,,SBIC9,,,,,,,()SCORE(ServiceCropsofRetiredExecu2tives),SBDC(SmallBusinessDevelopmentCenter),SBIP(SmallBusinessInstitutePro2gram)185SBIR(SmallBusinessInnovation),STTR(SmallBusinessTechnologyTransferRe2searchProgram);(JETRO)81©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.:,,,,,(SBIC),,(),,,,(SBDC)(SBIP)1963,1851983(SBIR),,,(39%);,(JETRO),,,,,,,[8],,,,,,,7,,,,,,,10,,,,,;,,,()91©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,T,,,,2000,(PDNet)2090,,,,19964,RajatGupta,,:847000,,,,,,(19):[1]J.A.TimmonsandD.E.Gumpert.DiscardManyOldRulesforRaisingVentureCapital[J].HarvardBusinessReview,1982,(1/2).[2]J.A.TimmonsNewVentureCreation-Entrepreneurshipforthe21thcentury[M].IRWIN,1994.[3]PaudD.Reynolds.New&SmallFirmsinExplandingMarkets[J].SmallBusinessEconomics1997,(2):79-84.[4]SBA.TheStateofSmallBusiness:AReportofPresident[R].TheUnitedStatesGovernmentPrintingOffice,Washington,1997.[5]().11[M].[6]().[M]..1997.[7]().[R].2000.[8].[J].,2001,(1).[9].[J].,2001,(4).94©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.