银行不良贷款的成因与对策分析,以中国银行徐州分行为例

摘要金融是现代经济的核心，商业银行是金融业的主体。随着我国金融业的对外开放，国有商业银行不良资产问题已成为束缚我国金融体制与经济健康发展的桎梏。不良贷款的危害性是毋庸置疑的，这一问题已成为中国银行体系中的主要隐患，基于国有商业银行在中国金融业的重要地位，国有银行的不良贷款问题引起了金融界的高度重视。中国银行徐州分行是江苏省总行的二级分行，其不良贷款整体状况良好，每年均可达到人行的最低要求底线。在逐步建立的一套比较完善的不良贷款防范体系下，不良贷款的数量有明显减少，使得徐州分行的抗风险能力有所提高。但是在实际操作中，贷款投放的手段和方法上仍然存在不少问题，以及对于有些即将成为不良贷款的项目还不能够有效地及时遏止。不论是国内外，对不良贷款问题都有过不同层次的研究，其研究成果也是有目共睹的，但是针对我所实习的徐州分行，我认为就不良贷款问题，徐州分行还是有需要做出进一步研究。这不仅具有重要的理论意义，而且具有突出的实践参考价值，可以使分行在不良贷款问题上能够做出更有针对性的判断。因此，本文就针对徐州分行的不良贷款问题进行了深入研究，通过调研收集的大量数据资料，总结了中国银行徐州分行不良资产的特殊成因，并与已采取的对策作对比，从而整理出对徐州分行不良贷款问题的对策研究成果，同时提出针对徐州分行实际情况的具体建议。希望能够通过我所学的知识结合实际数据理论，对徐州分行不良贷款管理能够有效地改善。关键词：徐州分行；不良贷款；风险管理；成因；对策ABSTRACTFinanceisthecoreofmoderneconomy,commercialbankisthemainbodyofthefinancialindustry.WiththeopeningofChina'sfinancialindustry,thestate-ownedcommercialBanksnon-performingassetshasbecomeboundourfinancialsystemandeconomichealthdevelopmentblock.Thedangersofbadloansisbeyonddoubt,thisissuehasbecomeamajorhiddendangersoftheChinesebankingsystem,basedonthestate-ownedcommercialBanksinChina'sfinancialindustryimportantposition,thestate-ownedBanks'non-performingloansproblemtocausetheattentionofthefinancialcommunity.ThebankofChinabranchesinjiangsuprovinceofxuzhouisspillingprimarybranch,itsbadloansoverallgoodcondition,everyyearmayachieveaminimumrequirementofthebottomline.Inasetofgraduallyestablishamoreperfectbadloansunderguardsystem,thenumberofbadloanshavesignificantlyreduced,makexuzhoubranchofanti-riskabilityhasimproved.Butinpractice,theloanonthemeansandmethodsofstillhasmanyproblems,andwillbecomethebadloansfortheprojectisnotabletoeffectivelycombatintime.Bothathomeandabroad,theproblemofbadloanshavedifferentlevelsofresearch,theresearchresultsareobvious,butforIpractisexuzhoubranch,Ithinkit'sbadloanproblems,xuzhoubranchorneedfurtheranalysis.Thisnotonlyhasimportanttheoreticalsignificance,butalsohasoutstandingpracticalreferencevalue,canmakethebranchinbadloansontheproblemcanbemademoretargetedjudgment.Therefore,thisarticleistoxuzhoubranchofbadloanswerethoroughlystudy,throughtheinvestigationandcollectalargenumberofdatainmaterial,summarizedthebadassetsofxuzhoubranchbankofChinaspecialcauses,andhastakencountermeasuresandcontrast,thussortouttoxuzhoubranchbadloansandsolutionstotheproblemsoftheresearchresults,andputsforwardtoxuzhoubranchtheactualsituationofthespecificSuggestions.HopeIcanmakemyknowledgewithactualdatatheory,xuzhoubranchofbadloansmanagementcaneffectivelyimprove.Keywords:xuzhoubranch；non-performingloans；riskmanagement；causes；countermeasures目录1绪论·····································································································11.1选题背景及研究意义········································································11.1.1选题背景····················································································11.1.2研究意义····················································································21.2国内外对不良贷款的研究··································································31.2.1国外对不良贷款的研究··································································31.2.2国内对不良贷款的研究··································································42我国国有商业银行不良贷款的现状与成因·····················································52.1我国国有商业银行不良贷款问题产生的理论分析····································52.1.1信用论·······················································································52.1.2商业银行内在脆弱性理论·······························································62.1.3银行行为理论··············································································62.1.4信贷市场分割理论········································································72.2我国国有商业银行不良贷款问题的现状················································72.3我国国有商业银行不良贷款的成因分析················································92.4我国国有商业银行不良贷款问题的对策回顾·········································103中行徐州分行不良贷款的现状分析·····························································103.1中行徐州分行不良贷款工作介绍························································103.1.1中行徐州分行简介·······································································103.1.2中行徐州分行不良贷款的概况························································113.2中行徐州分行不良贷款问题的现状·····················································123.2.1中行徐州分行不良贷款分类标准·····················································123.2.2中行徐州分行不良资产分析···························································133.2.3中行徐州分行不良贷款趋势分析·····················································154中行徐州分行不良贷款成因分析································································174.1宏观方面·······················································································174.1.1宏观经济政策不稳定，经济起伏剧烈···············································174.1.2金融监管乏力·············································································184.1.3社会信用环境有待提高，企业故意逃避还款·····································184.2微观方面·······················································································194.2.1高风险行业集中··········································································194.2