_倒逼_还是_反倒逼_农村税费改革前后中央与地方之间的互动

3,(03JZD0031)(2004),3:,,,,,,,,,,,:2090,,(,2001;,2001;Bernstein&L,2003;Wedeman,1997:805-931),,(),,,:,,,44,2000,,,,,,,()(,2002;,2004;,2004;,2003)90,1994,,,,:,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,;,,,,,54:,,,,(JamesR.Townsend)(,2003:62-64),(),,,,,,,80:();(),,,,()1994,,(75%,25%);,,(1),,,,1993,(),,642005.4,(Li,19971998;,2004),,,,11997-2001(:)19973283678.7332.6519983628.46814.93306.4619993881.87820.66294.5120004553.17858.29298.9120015357.13929.99286.29:,,,,,,,,2001XYT,,50%,,,,,,,,74,40%(,2003)2000,,,:,()(),,;,,,,3-5,,,;,,,,,,:(),,,,,S,20001999,1729199,20127%,545179,,842005.4,2004,2004,,2005118,22,200420002974156(2)2S(:)1999200020012002200320042446396019396019396019395714227131496701618301814351813251815111331031653-792127921279212791148--2161417619165193012333-18716-----445812-----77621468001363651862441849301262817114:3,33SK,K5004(3),4(26184,)(,20)(15)3,,K43%3SK(:)20031:1452:343:374:315:43285500215(-43%),,9414,2,210,(15)31,,,(,2003;,2003;,2004),,S,,10,,70,,,,,,,,(,2000),:?,,,2000,,,,,1-3,:;,;,10%(,[2000]15),,,;052005.41,23(1);1,1;1,23,,,;,,;()12127,431230(,[2000]16),,,,S20001220015,,16064,60%;482398,1714%;339202,2195770,6419%,S,2-3;,,,,,,,2001,,,,(500-600)800-9002004,,,,,S:,,,15,2004800,,,,3,,(),,,2002,200,100,,()300,16,,,,,,,,,,;;(Scott,1985),(252005.4,,,,;,2003)(),,,,,(),,,,,,,(),,:,,,,,Q,700P,900P:20022660P,2003,,,,,,(),,,35,2003,2003(,),,,()S,()()S:02,,,,(3)023;02,;,()6%,,,,,,,,,:,(),,,(),!(),452005.4,2004:http:PP=4605();,,(),,(),,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,2003,S,,(8%),(6%),(4),,,,79%(5),,,,,,55,20034(:P%)S(N=89)%3236112933674449565(:P%),?S(N=89)%,70795865(),,,,SK:(),,,,,,,,,,31,,,,,170(),652005.4,,,(,2003;,2002;,2002),,,,,,(,),,,,,,,,,S,511,,2820(1060,1451,303),4115,,4104,2700,,6729,,4656,1058,1057(,2005),,75,2002:4500,2500,650,8503488,,,,,176,5013%,1521,2011%http:PP:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(,2004;,2004)2002,,,,60%,15%,25%,20022004,29116,6,2816,7000,4(CCTV,2004),8%15%;,;852005.4,,,,200339,200440(,2004)2004396,91(,2004);,1500,300,,,,(,2004),(6)6(2001-2004)(:)()()()()200120033110620021502451P32020033053052004396:,,(),,,,;,,,,,,,,,,20039,,,95,,,()(,2003),2004(,2004a),,,57(,)(,2004b),,;,,;,,;,,,,,,(,2003),(),,:,,;,;,,,,Q,,,,,,,80,062005.4:,:,,;,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,80,,,,,,,,,,,,:,2004,(2003105),47,2004a,(200413)712,2004b,(20048)51,2003,16,(200329)511,2004,(200418),85CCTV(),2004,,,20051http:PP:,2003,,:,2002,,1,2004,300,20051http:PP:PPfinance.sina.com.cnProllP20040213P0903630015.shtml,2004,,7,2004,:,()Vol.43,No.6,2004,,4,2004,,40,5132,2003,,4,2003,,4,2003,,11,2002,,314R.,2003,,,:,2003,:,6,2000,,9,2004,30%,20051http:PP(200015)20051http:PP=894(200016)2005262005.41http:PP=895Bernstein,ThomasP.&XiaoboL2003,TaxationwithoutRepresentationinContemporaryRuralChina.NewYork:CambridgeUniversityPress.Li,LindaChelan1998,CentreandProvinces:China,1978-93,PowerasNon2zero2sum.Oxford:ClarendonPress.1997,TowardsaNon2Zero2SumInteractiveFrameworkofSpatialPolitics:TheCaseofCentre2ProvinceinContemporaryChina.InPoliticalStudies,Vol.45,No.1(March).Scott,J.1985,WeaponsoftheWeak:EverydayFormsofPeasantResistance.NewHaven,CT:YaleUniversityPress.Wedeman,Andrew1997,StealingFromChinasFarmers:InstitutionalCorruptionandthe1992IOUCrisis.InChinaQuarterly,No.152(December).:()():36SOCIOLOGICALSTUDIES(Bimonthly)20054Vol.20July,2005PAPERDefiningthePropertyRightsintheContextofTownshipandVillageCollectiveEnterprisesZheXiaoye&ChenYingying1Abstract:Asanimportantpartofsociallifeinthehistoryofeconomicdevelopment,definingthepropertyrightsisaprocessofinteractionsbetweenconcernedpartiestoreachorchangeanagreementorcontractonthenatureofthepropertyrights.Theexperienceinchangingtheownershipoftownshipandvillagecollectiveenterprises(TVEs)incontemporaryChinasincethemid1990sdemonstratesthatthepublicpropertyintheseenterprisesisdefinedlargelybysocialfactors,insteadofmarketforces.Tobemorespecific,thesocialcontractregardingthenatureofthepropertyrightsintheseenterprisesisneitheraninstitutionconsciouslydesignednoraspontaneousconsequenceofsocialrelationships.Rather,itresultsfromtheintegrationofsocialinteractionsintheeconomicdevelopmentofruralareas,anditreflectspubliceffortstoreachaharmonioussocialorder.Thecontractthusformedfunctionstosoftentensionsonproperty2relatedissuesandfostercooperationinruralcommunitieswhenthemarket2basedandmarket2orientedcontactisstillunderconstruction.However,theroleofthiskindofcontractseemstobelimitedwhendramatictransformationintheinstitutionalenvironmentofruralcommunitiesoccurs.Ontheotherhand,ifthegovernment,inpushingforwarditspropertyrightsreforms,replacesthesocialcontractofthepropertyrightsinTVEswithdeliberatelyinstitutionalizedsystemswithoutproperlyconsideringhowthefunctionsoftheformeraretobecontinuedorsubstituted,thesustainabledev