时间_收入与消费选择_兼论假日经济效应

212(11;21),,,,;,F015ATime,IncomeandConsumerOptionalChoiceAbstract:Thispaperpresentsatheoryofconsumeroptimalchoicesconsider2ingtheaffectsoftimeandincome1Byanalyzingtheconsumebehaviorsundertheconditionofabundantincomebutscarcetime,webelievethatthechangingofpricewillnotaffecttheoptimalconsumingcombination,andthatincreasingleisuretimecanpromoteconsume1Meanwhile,weexaminedthistheorybyconductinganecon2ometrictestusingthequarterlydata1Theresultconfirmedthisconclusion1Keywords:LeisureTime;IncomeBudget;OptionalChoice;HolidayEcono2my,,,2000,,,,(Gary1S1Becker)80120062(1965),,(fullincome),,,(J1Mincer,1963)(),,(J1Owen,1964)(ReubenGronau,1977),,(Bloch,1973),(),20002003():,,,(2001),,,,,,(,2000;,2003);,,,,,(2003),,,:,19802000,2000,,,;,,GDP901ATheoryoftheAllocationofTime,EconomicJournal751(),,1995,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(Becker,1965),,N(x1,x2,,xn),(t1,t2,,tn),f(xi,ti)Ei=Ei(xi,ti),E0,E0,92Ei9xi9ti0,:U=F(E1,E2,,En)=U(x1,x2,,xn;t1,t2,,tn)(1)Uxi0,Uxixj0;Uti0,Utitj0:PixiItiT(2)I,T,Becker(1965),Becker,,,,Becker,,,,(2),:MaxU(x1,x2,,xn;t1,t2,,tn)s1t1PixiItiTxi,ti0,:L=U+y1(I-Pixi)+y2(T-ti)y10,y20,y1,y2KuhnOTucker:011200629L9xi=9U9Ei9Ei9xi-Pi0,xi0,and9L9xixi=09L9ti=9U9Ei9Ei9ti-1i0,ti0,and9L9titi=09L9y1=I-Pixi0,y10,and9L9y1y1=09L9y2=T-ti0,y20,and9L9y2y2=0:(x3i,t3i,y31,y32),,,9L9y2=0,9L9y10,P1x1+P2x2I,t1+t2=T,,,,:MaxU=F(E1,E2)=U(x1,x2,t1,t2)s1t1t1+t2=T(3):MRSt1,t2=9F/9E19F/9E29E1/9t19E2/9t2=9u/9t19u/9t2=1(4)(4),,,(x1,x2)Ei=Ei(xi,ti),(P1,P2)119L9y2=0,9L9y10,((4)):MRSt1,t2=9F/9E19F/9E29E1/9t19E2/9t2=1,t3i=ti(E1,E2,t3j,T),(i,j=1,2);Ei=Ei(xi,ti),]x3i=f(Ei,t3i)=f(Ei,Ej,t3i,t3j,T),x3iPi,9x39Pi=0,PiP1x1+P2x2I,P1x31+P2x32=I3,I=I-I30,,,,,111,(2),KuhnOTuckerU0Pixiti,KuhnOTucker,(x3i,t3i,y31,y32),,,I0,,xi=aiEi,ti=biEi(i=1,2)(5),aiEi,bi(2):P1a1E1+p2a2E2Ib1E1+b2E2=T(6)Ei,BC,AD,BCAD,UBCM,(E13,E23)xi=aiEi,ti=biEix3i,t3i,IPi,I1,11,1999,(1)1(19992004)()()1999280014120002000163200046001812000598023020014496198200173762882001639725021120062()()()200251582282002871033120028071306200359472572003--20038999346200463262892004110439020041101397:,2003,,,,2004,102,5512%;,60,5719%;15,2;17,214;11,415,1,,,,,199928002004110429L9y2=0,9L9y10,T,,,,,E1E2,9Ei9xi0,,(5)(6),2TT,M(E31,E32)M(E331,E332),,E331E31,E332E32,(6),xi=aiEi,x33ix3i,,Pix33iPix3i,,2,3111,22()199940019014200059910203182001870102141820021044172401520037111723814:(19992004);2004;2003,20022,24,200045613,200340315,42616,39517,,,,,2,,,,2Ct=1+1Yt+2D+3Ct-1+t,,D,t,41120062(8)4D=1,D=0199922004423(3)3(%)GDP(%)19991271491605150361897160199913739515061105680071401999148985190810082054711020001183941401014018173811020001278531601012039491812020001380871509130621248120200014981618091608940481002001119256100101201989581102001128659120101304294271902001138877170918067227716020011410802130101109593313713020021110035120814021020716020021294131108170455367180200213966214081807168271902002141179915091201023971981002003111110910091302356291902003121044711061805005381202003131114410091707911481502003141314218010130116694911020041112830160101702712891802004121241816015100587739170200413131891601314093144915020041415511130141201365159150::C^t=-833152+010315Yt+42311217D+0189Ct-1(-11788)(121688)(21278)(191569)R2=0197,DW=21517,F=21211718t215%(19)=21093,F5%(3,19)=8166,(8),DOWOh,|h|=1-d2n1-nVar(^3)=1-215172231-230104552=1127h215%=1196,511tt215%(19),,2,,,,;,,,E(x,t),,[1]G1S1Becker1ATheoryoftheAllocationofTIme1EconomicJournal7511965.[2]J1D1Owen1ThePriceofLeisure1RotterdamUniversityPressandMcGillOqueensUniversityPress1969.[3]J1Mincer1MarketPrices,OpportunityCosts,andIncomeEffects1InMeasurementinEconomics,ed1C1Christ1StanfordUniversityPress1963.[4]ReubenGronau1Leisure,HomeProduction,andWorkOtheTheoryoftheAllocationofTimeRe2visited1JournalofPoliticalEconomy,1977,Vol185,No16.[5]JesseH1Ausubel,ArnulfGrbler1WorkingLessandLivingLonger:LongOTermTrendsinWork2ingTimeandTimeBudgets1TechnologicalForecastingandSocialChange1995,50,113131.[6]DavidL1Wetzell1OnsomeunappreciatedimplicationsofBeckerstimeallocationmodeloflaborsupply1,EconomicsLetters2002.[7]S,:,,1995[8][]:4,,2003[9]:,20015[10]:,200024[11]:,20033[12]:,20031[13]:,200423[14]:,20036[15]:,200312[16]:,200011[17]:,()20036[18]:,20021[19]:,19951[20]:,20031[21]:,200021[22]:,20005(:)61120062