Unit4How-life-began-on-the-earth语言点

Unit4HowLifeBeganontheEarthLanguagepoints1.Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.Nooneknowswhathewassaying,asitwastoohard.仿写：没人明白他在说什么，因为那太难理解了。as在这里表示原因,意思是“因为”Ashewasill,heneededmorehelp.2.However,accordingtoawidelyacceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”thatthrewmatterinalldirections.1)beginwith=startwith：“以……开始”.2)tobeginwith=tostartwith可以单独使用,表示“首先;第一;起初;最初”.在句中作时间状语.e.g.Tobegin/startwith,Icouldn’tunderstandhimatall.inalldirections.=ineverydirection/directions?朝四面八方译：Theenemiesranawayinalldirections.敌人四处逃窜。拓展：①I’mterriblewithdirections:__________②asenseofdirection:_______③在某人的指导下:______one’sdirection方向感under我是路痴Whatitwastobecomewasuncertain…betodobetodosth.be+doing:_________be+done:__________联想正在…被动(1)表示禁止，命令eg.Youarenottosmokeinthisroom.Youaretobebackby10o’clock.3.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.(2)表示注定要Allthesethingsaretobeansweredfor（偿还）.（3）表示“将”、“计划”、“安排”。(意思接近于begoingto)如：.Thestudentsaretomeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.（4）应该shouldYouaretolookafterthelittlechildren.betodo:•You______________thistothepolice.•你应该报警•They________________nextmonth.•他们计划于下个月结婚。•2.Theprofessor____alectureatWuhanUniversitynextweekend.A.giveB.givesC.istogiveD.beinggivenaretoreportaretobemarried【巧应用】使大家惊奇的是他竟没有参加会议。________________________________________hedidn’tcometothemeeting.答案：Whatsurprisedeverybodyisthat【精提取】Whatitwastobecome是what引导的主语从句，what在从句中作become的宾语。1.______________________（使大家吃惊的是）isthathedidn’tcometothemeeting.Whatsurprisedeverybody2.___________（他所做的）addedtoourdifficulty.Whathedid4.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewouldlastornot.地球开始变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续下去。n.固体(solid,liquid,gas)adj.固体的,结实的,solid:cooldown变凉,冷却,平息，冷静晒了一天的太阳之后,他喜欢在海水中凉快一下.Afteradayinthesun,helikedto________inthesea.他的话平息了她的怒气.Hiswords_____________heranger.cooleddowncooldown6.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.7.WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbut,unliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater.unlikeprep.dislikev.likelyadj.unlikelyadj.8.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.水会对于生命的发展起关键作用,这一点在当时并不太明显.1)allow…todo…=permit…todo…2)harmfuladj.harmlessharmn./v.beharmfultosb./sth.=doharmtosb./sth.=dosb/sthharm对…有害9.Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.过多的二氧化碳对环境有害.Toomuchcarbondioxideistheenvironment.harmfultodoesharmto10.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.1)chainreaction连锁反应2)Makeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.使生命的发展成为可能makeit+adj./n.+.todosth.make/find/feel/think/considerthat从句组长让我们可以一起合作.Thegroupleader_____________________老师让他们容易地明白那个问题.Theteacher_________________________________.madeitpossibleforustoworktogether.madeiteasyforthemtounderstandthequestionallsortsof=allkindsof各种各样的12.…whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.13.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthewater.另外一些叫作两栖动物,它们既能在活水里生存也能在陆地上生.AaswellasB表示“(除B之外)A也;既B又A”.如:I’mlearningFrenchaswellasEnglish.我学英语之外还学法语.Hegrowsflowersaswellasvegetables.他既种菜也种花.“就远原则”：HeaswellasI______(like)rockmusic.likes15.Theyproducedyounggenerallybylayingeggs.它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的.lie,lie,lay的区别如下:动词原形第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词中文释义lielies撒谎;谎话lielies躺;位于laylays放置;下蛋liedliedlyinglaylainlyinglaidlaidlaying（1）vi.（消息等）传开，流传。如：Thenewsspreadthroughtheschoolveryquickly.Thefirespreadfromthefactorytothehousenearby.18.smallcleveranimals,nowwithhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.（2）v.“使伸展，延伸，张开”，常与out连用。Hespreadedouthisarmstowelcomeus.他张开手臂欢迎我们。19.Thustheyhave,intheirturn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanetsthusadv.因此；从而Shestudiedhard,____________________.thusshegothighmarks2)Inone’sturn轮到某人Itwillbe_______________tobeondutytomorrow.inSam'sturn20.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.阻止某人做某事:preventsb.(from)doingsth.stopsb.(from)doingsth.keepsb.fromdoingsth.注意：keepsb.fromdoingsth.中from不可省略,被动语态中,他们中的from都不可省。1)Wemustpreventthemfrommakingtrouble.2)Youshouldpreventthechildfrominjuringhimself.21.WhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsOfyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.dependon:依赖，依靠dependonsb.依靠,相信某人dependonsth.取决与某物我们都靠你来做决定了．We’llall_______________tomakeadecision.明天是否能开校运会取决与天气．Whethertoholdthesportsmeetingornotwill_______________________.dependonyoudependontheweather一.单词拼写1.Thereistoomuch________(暴力)onTV.2.Withthed________ofeconomy,people’slivingstandardsarehighernow.3.Everynightheobservesthespacethroughat_______.4.Theillnessiss______throughthevillage.5.Onecannote________withoutair.6.Youwill_______(逐渐地)getusedtotheweatherhere.7.Bythetimetheyreachedthetopofthemountain,theywere________(精疲力尽).8.Thereisabigundergroundrailway________(系统)inLondon,whichisgoodfortravelers.9.ZhangHengwasoneofthemostfamousChinesea______intheworld.10.Themammals_______(繁殖)whentheanimals,harmfultothem,disappeared.Ⅱ.短语运用