高中英语必修一课文详解Book-1-unit-4---杨磊

11必修一Unit4Earthquakes地震I.Vocabularyearthquaken.地震quaken.地震rightaway立刻；马上welln.井crackn.裂缝；劈啪声vt.&vi.(使)开裂；破裂smellyadj.发臭的；有臭味的farmyardn.农场；农家pipen.管；导管burstvi.爆裂；爆发n.突然爆裂；爆发millionn.百万eventn.事件；大事asif仿佛；好像atanend结束；终结nationn.民族；国家；国民canaln.运河；水道ruinn.废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产inruins严重受损；破败不堪dirtn.污垢；泥土sufferingn.苦难；痛苦extremeadj.极度的injurevt.(意外事故)损害；伤害survivorn.幸存者；生还者destroyvt.破坏；毁坏；消灭brickn.砖；砖块damn.水坝；堰堤trackn.轨道；足迹；痕迹uselessadj.无用的；无效的；无益的shockvt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊rescuen.&vt.援救；营救trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境electricityn.电；电流；电学disastern.灾难；灾祸minen.矿；矿山；矿井minern.矿工sheltern.掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处a(great)numberof许多；大量的titlen.标题；头衔；资格reportern.记者barn.条；棒；条状物damagen.&vt.损失；损害frightenvt.使惊吓；吓唬frighteningadj.令人恐惧的frightenedadj.受惊的；congratulationn.祝贺～s（复数）贺词judgen.裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决sincerelyadv.真诚地；真挚地expressvt.表示；表达n.快车；速递outlinen.要点；大纲；轮廓headlinen.报刊的大字标题cyclistn.骑自行车的人digout掘出；发现buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏steamn.蒸汽；水汽II．ReadingANIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEP地球不眠之夜StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.译文：在河北东北农村发生奇怪的事情。Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.译文：有三天时间村里的井水一会儿上升一会儿下降。Farmersnoticedthatthewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.译文：农民们注意到井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.译文：裂缝中散发出难闻的气味。【注释：smelly发出难闻气味的;有臭味的Thetoiletsinthatrestaurantwerehorriblysmelly.那个餐馆的卫生间气味难闻。】Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.译文：在农家宅院，小鸡，甚至连猪都紧张的不吃食。【注释：①too…to…:太…而不能…eg.1)Hewasevidentlytootiredtogoanyfurther.他显然太疲劳,一步也走不动了。2)Thisboxistooheavytobelifted.这箱子太重搬不起来。②注意：在be+too+adj.+to结构中，该结构中的形容词主要是表示心情，如：ready,glad,surprised,happy,eager,willing或表示描述性的，如good,kind,true等,则too表示“很,非常”之意。eg.1)Beginnersaretooapttomakemistakesingrammar.初学者极易犯语法错误。2)Wearealltoopleasedtolistentotheopinionsofother.我们非常乐意听别人的意见。③cannottoo不至于过度,越…越好eg.Youcannotbetoocarefultocrossthestreet.你过马路的时候，越小心越好。】Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacstohide.译文：老鼠从田间跑出来寻找躲藏的地方。【注释：①mice是mouse的复数形式eg.Whenthecat’saway22themicewillplay.猫儿不在，鼠儿自在(指管事的不在，下面的人自由自在).②lookingforplacestohide是现在分词，作伴随状语，表示从田间跑出来时伴有的一种情况。用现在分词作状语，可以表示时间、伴随、方式、原因、结果等，与主句主语之间的逻辑关系为主谓关系。有关现在分词作状语的考题汇集：1.(09申-31)Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,____allfourpeopleonboard.A.killedB.killingC.killsD.tokill2.(09湘-25)Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,____inasmallapartmentnearBostonand______whattodoabouthisfuture.A.living;wonderingB.lived;wonderingC.lived;wonderedD.living;wondered3.(09川-10)______manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold4.(09辽-22)Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycame_____back.A.floodingB.tofloodC.floodD.flooded5.(08全II-9)——Whatareyoureading,Tom?——I’mnotreallyreading,just_____thepages.A.turningoffB.turningaroundC.turningoverD.turningup6.(08京-24)______thatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledollonherbed.A.SeeingB.ToseeC.SeeD.Seen7.(08重-29)_____toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinstead.A.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed8.(08陕-14)_____aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.A.HavingshownB.TobeshownC.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow9.(08闽-22)____inthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar.A.WaitingB.TowaitC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited10.(08皖-30)____inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.TowalkB.WalkingC.WalkedD.Havingwalked11.(08浙-10)______thathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.Nottohaverealized12.(08鲁-35)Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmade____intherestaurant.A.workingB.workC.toworkD.worked13.(08辽-27)Hewasbusywritingastory,only____onceinawhiletosmokeacigarette.A.tostopB.stoppingC.tohavestoppedD.havingstopped14.(08申30)Mysister,aninexperiencedrider,wasfoundsittingonthebicycle___tobalanceit.33A.havingtriedB.tryingC.totryD.tried15.(07津-6)Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,___inthenaturallightduringtheday.A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet16.(07湘-29)Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not____,andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.A.movedB.movingC.tomoveD.beingmoved17.(06皖-21)Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,____meafullbasketoffreshfruits.A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbrought18.(06浙-5)When____differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared19.(05全I-32)Thestormleft,____alotofdamagetothisarea.A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcaused20.(05鄂-26)_____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated21.(05鲁-27)Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereachingKeys:1-10：BADACADCCB11-21：CABBBBBCDCB】Fishjumpedoutoftheirbowlsandponds.译文：鱼突然从洼地池塘跳出来。【注释：jumpoutof突然离开;跳离eg.Hejumpedoutofbedassoonashewascalled.一听到有人叫他,他立即跳下床来。】Atabout3:00amonJuly28,1976,somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.译文：1976年7月28日，大约在凌晨3点，一些人看见天空中出现一些（紫色）很强的光亮。【注释：brightlights强光。】Thesoundofplanescoul