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1饱和硫酸铵纯化血清中抗体1实验原理此方法可以将主要的免疫球蛋白从样品中分离,是免疫球蛋白分离的常用方法。高浓度的盐离子在蛋白质溶液中可与蛋白质竞争水分子,从而破坏蛋白质表面的水化膜,降低其溶解度,使之从溶液中沉淀出来。硫酸铵因其溶解度大,温度系数小和不易使蛋白质变性而应用最广。2实验试剂与器材2.1实验试剂:硫酸铵、氨水、盐酸、1XPBS溶液(PH7.4)、2%NaHCO3、1mmol/LEDTA(PH8.0)、1mol/LNaOH、氯化钡、蒸馏水2.2实验器材:磁力搅拌器、低温离心机、4℃冰箱、PH计、离心管、锥形瓶、搅拌棒、量筒、烧杯、漏斗、移液器、电磁炉、铝锅、剪刀、试剂瓶、透析袋夹子2.3样品抗血清3实验步骤3.1配制溶液3.1.1配制饱和硫酸铵溶液,25℃时饱和溶解度是767g/L,0℃时为676g/L(见附表)。配制1000ml饱和硫酸铵,将800g左右的硫酸铵加入到1L水中,加热搅拌到大部分固体溶解,趁热过滤并室温冷却,仍会有晶体析出,再用氨水调节PH至8.5,4℃保存备用(可以根据所需量按比例调整所配溶液量)。3.1.2配制1XPBS溶液(PH7.4)取1.44gNa2HPO4(或3.63gNaHPO4.12H2O),0.24gKH2PO4,8gNaCl,0.2gKCl,加入800ml水中,用盐酸调PH至7.4,补蒸馏水至1000ml,高压蒸汽灭菌。4℃保存。3.1.3配制2%NaHCO3,2gNaHCO3加入到100ml蒸馏水中。3.1.4配制1mol/LNaOH,4gNaOH慢慢加入80ml蒸馏水中,边加入边搅拌,完全溶解后定容至100ml,室温保存,无需除菌。注意放热反应,塑料烧杯储存。23.1.5配制1mmol/LEDTA(PH8.0),先配储存液:EDTA(0.5mol/L):Na2·EDTA·2H2O37.2g+20gNaOH配成大约80ml溶液(注:液体+粉末混合体积会增加),再用NaOH溶液调节PH为8.0,定容至100ml,可以在水浴50℃中溶解。临用前稀释至1mmol/L。3.2透析袋处理3.2.1将透析管剪适当长度(20-30cm),即形成透析袋。3.2.2在2%(m/V)NaHCO3和1mmol/LEDTA(PH8.0)中将透析袋煮沸10min。3.2.3将透析袋用蒸馏水彻底漂洗。3.2.4将透析袋置于1mmol/LEDTA(PH8.0)中将透析袋煮沸10min。3.2.5将透析袋冷却,4℃存放备用,应确保透析袋始终浸没在液体中。3.3沉淀(此步在4℃下进行)3.3.1抗血清离心去除细胞碎片,保留上清液测定体积,并加入等体积PBS溶液(PH7.4)稀释。3.3.2边搅拌便逐滴滴入等体积的饱和硫酸铵溶液,搅拌均匀使蛋白充分沉淀。3.3.3搅拌均匀后4℃静置1h,10000rpm/min离心20min,弃上清取沉淀。3.3.4PBS溶液(PH7.4)溶解沉淀。3.3.5继续向上一步蛋白溶液中滴入1/2体积的饱和硫酸铵溶液(饱和度达33%),搅拌均匀。3.3.64℃静置1h,10000rpm/min离心20min,弃上清取沉淀。3.3.7PBS溶液(PH7.4)溶解沉淀。3.3.8重复以上步骤3次或进行亲和层析纯化,以得到纯度较高的产品。3.4透析(此步在4℃下进行)3.4.1取出备用的透析袋,用蒸馏水彻底漂洗干净。3.4.2一端封闭,检查有无漏液,如无漏液,将上一步制备的蛋白溶液转入透析袋中,用透析袋夹子最后封闭末端开口。3.4.3在PH7.4的1XPBS中透析12-24h(1:20),每3-6h换一次透析液,以彻底去除硫酸铵。检测硫酸铵去除是否彻底,可取少量样品加入10%氯化钡,如检测不到沉淀,即透析完毕。33.5保存分装到合适的离心管中,即时用可4℃保存,备用-20℃保存。硫酸铵饱和度的常用表1.调整硫酸铵溶液饱和度计算表(25℃)硫整硫酸铵终浓度,%饱和度10202530333540455055606570758090100每1升溶液加固体硫酸铵的克数①硫酸铵初浓度,%饱和度05611414417619620924327731335139043047251656166276710578611813715018321625128832636540644949459269420295978911231551902252623003403824245206192530496193125158193230267307348390485583301930629412716219823527331435644954633124374107142177214252292333426522353163941291642002381783194115064031639713216820524528537546945326599134171210250339431503366101137176214302392553367103141179264353603469105143227314653470107190275703572153237753611519880771579079①在25℃下,硫酸铵溶液由初浓度调到终浓度时,每升溶液所加固体硫酸铵的克数。2.调整硫酸铵溶液饱和度计算表(0℃)在0℃硫酸铵终浓度,%饱和度硫酸铵初浓度,%饱和度20253035404550556065707580859095100每100ml溶液加固体硫酸铵的克数010.613.416.419.422.625.829.132.636.139.843.647.651.655.960.365.069.757.910.813.716.619.722.926.229.633.136.840.544.448.452.657.061.566.2105.38.110.913.916.920.023.326.630.133.737.441.245.249.353.658.162.7152.65.48.211.114.117.220.423.727.130.634.338.142.046.050.354.759.22002.75.58.311.314.317.520.724.127.631.234.938.742.746.951.255.72502.75.68.411.514.617.921.124.528.031.735.539.543.647.852.23002.85.68.611.714.818.121.424.928.532.336.240.244.548.83502.85.78.711.815.118.421.825.429.132.936.941.045.344002.95.88.912.015.318.722.225.829.633.537.641.84502.95.99.012.315.619.022.626.330.234.238.35003.06.09.212.515.919.423.026.830.834.85503.06.19.312.716.119.723.527.331.36003.16.29.512.916.420.123.127.96503.16.39.713.216.820.524.47003.26.59.913.417.120.97503/26.610.113.717.48003.36.710.313.98503.46.810.59003.47.09503.51000
本文标题:饱和硫酸铵纯化
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