镁合金气体保护熔化浇注及安全技术研究

重庆大学硕士学位论文镁合金气体保护熔化浇注及安全技术研究姓名：查吉利申请学位级别：硕士专业：材料加工工程指导教师：龙思远20050501I95%HSIIABSTRACTMagnesiumalloys,asthelightestcommercializedmetallicstructuralmaterialatpresent,havemanyadvantages,suchashighspecificstrength,highspecificrigidityandgoodcastingcapability.Withtherapiddevelopmentofautomobile,motorbike,communication,aviationandelelctrictoolingindustriesinChina,moreandmoreattentionhasbeenpaidtotheapplicationofmagnesiumalloys.Duetothefactthatmorethan95%ofmagnesiumalloysareusedintheformofdiecastings,thedemandfordie-castingunitconsistingofahighperformancediecasterandagasshieldedcontinuousmeltingandpouringfurnaceisgowingrapidly.Duetotheirchemicalactivenature,Mgalloysarepronetooxidationandignition.Therefore,thetechniqueandequipmentofgasprotectedmeltingandpouringofMgalloysbecomepartofthekeytechniquesandequipmentsinMgproductionandapplication.However,theresearchanddevelopmentinthisfieldisbackwardinChina,andtheMgmeltingandpouringfurnacesfordie-castingarealmostallimported.Consequently,thepresentstudyisdevotedtodevelopanovalgasprotectedmeltingandpouringtechniqueandtoestablishguide-linesforthedesignandsafetymanagementofMgmeltingandpouringfurnace.Toachievesuchagoal,thestudystartedwiththestudiesontheoxidationandignitionmechanismofMgalloyandheattransferandtemperaturecontrolofthefurnace.Then,theprinciplesofunittechniques,suchasgasprotection,Mgmeltingandmelttemperaturecontrol,furnacepositioningandmeltmetering,ingotpreheating,meltqualitycontrol,andfurnaceoperationsafety,werestudiedtolayasoundbaseforthedesign,constructionanduseofgasshieldedMgmeltingandpouringfurnacefordiecasting.Accordingtotheaboveachievements,theHSseriesMgmeltingandpouringfurnacesfordie-castingweredesignandproducedbyChongqingSinoS&TCompanyLimitedfordomesticMgdiecastingmarket.Itwasprovedthatsupportedbythepresenttheories,theMgfurnacesarecapapbleofsupplytodiecasterswithMgalloymeltofhighmetallurgicalquality.Comparedwiththeimportedones,thedomesticfurnacespossesssignificantlyspecificpriceandmarketcompetencetogetherwiththesamesafetyandqualityinsurance.KeywordsMgalloy,melt,pouring,furnace,oxidation,ignition,heattransfer1111.12119202.32722.5%[1]2120044575%200485%15%1.81221MADICA550WTO1.21.2.12.35%1.1[3]1.1[3]Table1.1Thecontentofelementontheearth%%49.133.2526.002.407.452.354.202.35MgCO326.8%MgO47.82%CO252.18%13MgCO3CaCO313.2%MgO21.8%CaO30.4%CO248.8%KClMgCl26H2O8.8%MgCl234.5%KCl26.7%H2O38.8%MgCl213.8MgCl21.7MgSO40.1MgBr23.0%MgCl214.0%NaCl9.0%CaCl20.2%NaBr1.2.2100[54]1)2/31/42)/;/,60203)4)0.6mm1.21.5mm5)40%50%26)100()14,6%2%7)1/31/108)9)10)11)AZ91DA38012)ABS350400CPU13)14)4%1.31.3.11.210%34%70CO21510%[5][9]1.31.1[10-12]1.2[4]Table1.2Propertiescomparisonofstructuralmaterialforautomobileg/cm3GPaMpaW/MK7.8720824.3600100076127801017Al2.77025.920040074148247251.52.015251012.510012050602050n.a.Mg1.744525.8617030010017215730601.2Fig.1.2Themagnesiumpartsofautomobile1.1[5]Fig.1.1Theusedmagnesiumpartsofautomobile161.3[5][10]Table1.3TheusedmagnesiumpartsforautomobileRangerAZ91HPAZ91BAwrostar1994AD91DBroncoAD91DCorvetteAZ91HPNorStarV-81992AD91DWOldsmobilePontiacBuickAD91DGrandPrixAM60Jeep1993ViperLHmidsize1993500SLAM20/5045KgGTVAZ91BCityTurboAZ91D5.9kgPreludeAM60BLexusAM60B53kg911PorsecheAC7.44kg944TurboAZ91D14kgLupoAMC-SC11.3.2(EMC)MD1.4171.4[53]Table1.4Theusedmagnesiumpartsofhousewiring[53]AbsoiuTechnologies1996ApplePowerBookDuo1993CompaqArmada4100,3500,74001998Ericsson1997FieldWorks50001997GatewaySolo31001998HewlettPackardOmnibookSojourn1998HuskyFC-48619951987ThinkPad710T1993Rs/6000-n401994ItronixX-6000CrossCount1995LontronElectronikIPLiteINLite1997Nokia2190PCS-19001610GSM1996PolaroidPDC-20001997ProximaUltralightLS11998StealthComputerWarriorLR199610001994ALPHAbook11995TadpoleTechnologySPARCbookServer1996TelxonPTC-11941998TexasInstrumentsTravelmate6000CanonCA111998-20Casjo-70FujiDS-300DS-3301997/98PS55T22SX1992IBM(Japan)ThinkPad1993KenwoodDMC-G5MDplayer1996KyoceraContaxRTSIII1990MitsubishiPedion19971997MobioNX1997NECLaVieNX1998Nikon832SE,CF1998D-220L,320LOlympus1000411994PanasonicCF-25,CD-35,CF-62,CF6199718SJ-MJ5,SJ-MJ7MDplayer1997NV-DDS5,DS7,C1,DJ1001997A-D7001998ToughBook27,45,711998Let’snotemini/S211998Panasonic211998RicohGR-1SanyovVPC-X300MD-SS70MDplayerVL-PD1,VL-EF11997/98SharpMebius,Pc-PJ1998DCR-VX1000VX9000DSF-2201995-98MZ-E50,MZ-E35MDplayer1996/98DCR-PC7CCD-CR1DSCMD11996/98DCR-PC10DCR-PC1001997CCD-TR555H181997MDR-F11997TCD-D100DATWalkman1997VAIOPCG-5051997DNW-A2201998SonyVPL-SC50U1998T4700,T49001993Tecra,Portage7000CT70101996/98Libretto50,Portage3001997ToshibaDynabookSS30001998Vicor/JVCGR-DVL,DVX,DVVY1997/981.3.31.51.51[15]Table1.5Thebenefitofusingmagnesiumparts300300030000191.3Mg-Zn-RE-ZrZE41Mg-RE-ZrMK5023(1520)t1/3301500km3AMX-13AMX-13M551/-[52]1.3.4[54]1001.3B-36[15]Fig.1.3TheusedmagnesiumpartsofB-36110Magnesium”1.3.5[10]30%Grignard1.41.4.195%1.4.2250oC380500oC1.4.31115351.4.41.51.5.11.5.21.41.61.6.1[51]SF6SF6SF6SF6112SF6()1.4Fig.1.4Flowchartofthisarticle1131.6.2[23]700900°C1.5Audi[23]Fig1.5ThreechamberfurnacesystemofAudiCo.formaltingthemagnesium[23]650650~700700CO2CO21142