英语必修一知识点归纳

Unit1.Friendship一．重点单词及短语I.upset心烦意乱的ignore不理睬，忽视calm使（平静）concern使（担忧）outdoor户外的dusk黄昏thunder打雷，雷声entire完全的suffer遭受，忍受loose松的teenager青少年suitcase手提箱curtain窗帘highway公路，大陆II．calmsbdown使某人平静beconcernedabout担心，关心gothrough经历setdown记下，写下aseriesof一连串的onpurpose故意inorderto为了atdusk在黄昏时刻settledown安家；定居facetoface面对面地nolonger；not…anylonger不再sufferfromillness患病sufferloss遭受损失；忍受recoverfromacold从感冒中痊愈packsomethingup捆扎，包扎takepartin参加walksb陪某人散步walkthedog遛狗disagreewithsomebody不同意某人geton/alongwellwithsomebody与某人相处很好get/betiredofsb/sth对某人、某物厌烦fallinlovewith爱上某人becrazyabout对…迷恋addupallthenumbers加起来所有数字addtothebeauty增添了美丽add…to把…加到…里addupto200共计200havetrouble/difficultywithsth在某事上有麻烦havetrouble/difficultyindoingsth做某事有麻烦getloose松了havegotto=haveto不得不haven’tgotto=don’thavetogoonholiday去度假cheatintheexam作弊happentodo碰巧做某事二，词形变化upset—upset—upset---upsetting;ignore---ignorant(adj，无知的)---ignorance（n,无知）；outdoor（adj，anoutdoorhotel）—outdoors（副词gooutdoors）；entire---entirely（副词）；dust（名词，灰尘）--dusty（形容词，布满灰尘的）；Germany（形容词，德国的；德国人的）---German（名词，德国，德国人）；lonely（形容词，孤独的）--loneliness（名词，孤单）；exact(形容词，精确的)---exactly（副词）；like—dislike（反义词）;gothrough—wentthrough---gonethrough(经历)三，重点单词讲解1.getsbtodosth，make/havesbdosth让某人做某事get/make/havesbdoingsth让某人一直做某事get/have/makesthdone让别人来做这件事；某事被做Igotmycarrepairedyeaterday.getmyhaircut理头发getmytoothpulledout拔牙2.ignore忽视（故意地），neglect忽略（不是故意的）3.shouldhavedone本该做但却没做；shouldn’thavedone本不该做却做了4.beconcernedabout关心，担忧；beconcernedwith与…有关，参与Themeetingwasconcerned_with___reformsandeveryonepresentwasconcerned____about_theirowninterests.5.itis/was…that/who…强调句（1）区分强调句与定语从句，一要看去掉itis/was…that/who之后句子完整不完整；二要看作用是强调句子的某一部分还是修饰句子某一部分，若是强调则为强调句，修饰则为定语从句比如：ThisisMondaywhenhemethisclassmates.(定语从句)这就是他遇见他同学的那个周一。ItisonMondaythathemethisclassmates.(强调句)就是在周一他遇见他同学的。（2）如是一般疑问句，强调结构用“”Beit…that（who）…?”,如果原句是特殊疑问句，则用“特殊疑问词+be+it…that(who)…?”Isitattheendof2001thatChinajoinedWTO?Whenisitattheendof2001thatChinajoinedWTO?(3)如原句中含有“not…until”,强调时，将not连状语一起强调ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherhatthatIrecognizedher.(4)人称，时态要保持一致ItisTomthat/whohelpsmesolvetheproblem.Itwasyouwhohadthebook.6.区分dare实义动词与情态动词的用法实义动词：dare/dares/daredtodo,doesn’t/didn’t/don’tdaretodo不定式结构，且dare随人称变化情态动词：daredo,darenotdo不带to，且dare不随人称变化，但有dareddo/darednotdo就像can，may一样，它也有过去式7.Itisthefirsttimethatsbhas/havedonesth这是某人第一次做什么事Itwasthefirsttimethatsbhaddonesth.8.inorderto用于句首，句中，soasto只用于句中9.takepartin，join，attend，joinin区别join+群体（jointhearmy参军，jointhem加入他们，jointheParty入党）joinin+竞赛，娱乐，活动takepartin参加群众性活动并起积极作用。比如，ItookpartintheSportsMeetingandwonthefirst.Attend正式的，参加会议，婚礼等，attendingthemeeting,weddingceremony10.省略a.Whenseenfromthetopofthebuilding,thebuseslookssmall.b.Whilewalkingthroughthepark,wesawafineflowershow.当主句和从句主语一致时，可省略。如果是主动，就用现在分词；被动就用过去分词。a句原句是whenthebusisseenfromthetopofthebuilding,thebuseslookssmall.把从句里的主语和be动词去掉，就剩seen。B句原句是whilewewerewalkingthroughthepark，wesawafineflowershow。把从句中的主语和be动词去掉，剩walking所以，如是主动从句中就用现在分词，被动就用过去分词11.itisnopleasuredoingsth.做…没乐趣itisnofundoingsth做…没乐趣itisnousedoingsth做…没用itisnogooddoingsth做…没好处12.sbthink/findit+adj+todosth某事发现做某事…IfounditeasytolearnEnglish.四，直接引语，间接引语I.三变化a.人称变化Itoldhim,“Idon’tagreewithyou.”ItoldhimthatIdidn’tagreewithhim.b.时态变化如主句中是一般现在是或将来时，则间接引语中的时态不变；如果是过去式，则需做下列变化：一般现在时----一般过去时现在进行时----过去进行时现在完成时----过去完成时一般过去时----过去完成时一般将来时----过去将来时过去完成时不变c.指示代词，this—that；these—those时间状语，now—then;today----thatday;tonight---thatnight;tomorrow—thenextday;yesterday---thedaybefore;nextweek---thenextweek地点状语,here—there及方向性动词变化,bring—take,come—goII.直接引语变间接引语“三不变”（1）客观真理Hesaid,“Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.”-------Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.(2)直接引语中有明确时间Hesaid,“Iwasbornin1990inBeijing.”--------Hesaidthathewasbornin1990inBeijing.(3)名人名言Hesaid,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”-------Hesaidthatwherethereisawill,thereisaway.III.疑问句（1）一般疑问句中，用whether或if引导，陈述语序，如是said改为askedShesaid,“Isyourfatherathome?”--------Sheaskedwhether/ifmyfatherwasathome.(2)特殊疑问句中，特殊疑问词+陈述语序Myfriendaskedme,“Whatdoyoudoeverymorning?”-------MyfriendaskedmewhatIdiddoeverymorning.(3)祈使句转化为间接引语时，使变成带to的不定式Shesaidtous,“Pleasesitdown.”-------Shetoldustositdown.Unit2.Englisharoundtheworld一，重点单词及短语I.elevator电梯petrol汽油voyage航海native本国的，本地的adj；n,本地人usage用法vocabulary词汇recognize认出request请求expression表达，词语block街区lightning闪电accent口音standard标准dialect方言latter后者identity身份II.morethanonekind不止一种aroundtheworld全世界anumberof大量thenumberof…的数量comeup走近；被提出；出现，发生atpresent目前，现在bepresent在场的，出席的suchas例如makeuseofsthtodosth利用某物做某事evenif/though即使insteadof而不是believeitornot信不信由你playapart/roleinsth/doingsth在…起作用，扮演一个角色haveagoodcommandofsth精通某事requestsbtodosth请求某人做某事basesthonsth把某物基于某物benativeto…特有的，原产于二，词形变化Office(n,办公室)---official（adj,官方的，正式的）---official（n,政府官员）actually（adv，实际上，事实上）---actual（adj，实际的）gradual(adj)---gradually(adv,逐渐地)fluent(adj)---fluently(adv流利地)frequent（adj）--frequently(adv,频繁地)command（n掌握，命令）---commander(n,指挥员，司令员)straight(adj直的astraightroad)—straight(adv直接gostraight)east—eastern（东方的）二，重点单词讲解1.suggest用法suggest(sb)doing或suggest+that（should）do虚拟语气Theteacher__metohaveatry.A.wa