必修第一册 Unit 3　Sports and Fitness (102)

必修第一册Unit3SportsandFitness高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AThedaysofstaringatthecomputerscreenpretendingtobeinterestedinanassignmenteventhoughyouareboredoutofyourmindmaysoonbecomingtoanend.That’sbecauseifDrHarryWitchel，DisciplineLeaderinPhysiologyatEngland’sBrightonandSussexMedicalSchool，hashisway，computersofthefuturewillbeabletodetectboredomandevenreacttoitreal-time.Butbeforeyougetconcerned，themachineisnotreadingyourmind.Itisjustkeepingtrackoftheconstantinvoluntary(无意识的)movementsthatpeopleexhibitwheninfrontofacomputerorevenatelevision.Thesearenotthebiggerinstrumentalactionslikemovingamouseorusingtheremote，butbarelynoticeablemovementslikescratching，fidgeting，orstretching.Witchelsaysthelevelofmovementisdirectlylinkedtohowabsorbedthepersonisinwhatheorsheisreadingorwatching.Thehighertheinterestlevel，thelessthemovement!Totestthetheory，Witchelandhisteaminvited27peopleandexposedthemtoavarietyofdigitalcontentsforthreeminutesatatime.Theactivitiesrangedfromplayingonlinegamestoreadingdocumentslikethebankingregulationsthatmostpeoplewouldfindboring.Avideomotiontrackermonitoredtheirmovementsastheypoweredthrougheachassignment.Justastheresearchershadexpected，theinvoluntaryactionsdecreaseddramatically，byasmuchas42%，whentheparticipantsweretotallyabsorbedinwhattheywerereadingorseeing.Fortunately，thescientistsarenotplanningtousethefindingstocreatemachinesthatreportstudentswhoarenotfocusingatschool.Instead，theybelievethatcombiningthemotion-detectingtechnologywithfuturecomputerswillhelpenhancethedigitallearningexperience.Thescientistssaythatbeingabletomeasurethestudents’interestlevelwillenableeducatorstoadjustthematerialsreal-timeandre-engagethestudents.Witchelalsobelievesthatthetechnologycanprovidefilmmakerswithhonestaudienceopinions.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种未来的计算机，这种计算机可以记录人们在电脑甚至电视前所表现出的持续的无意识动作，探测出人们何时感到厌烦，注意力减退，甚至还可以做出实时反应。1．AccordingtoDrHarry，whatwillfuturecomputersbeabletodo?A．Keepalearnerfromdistraction.B．Helpalearnerwithhisassignments.C．Readalearner’smindexactlyreal-time.D．Identifydullnessofalearnerandrespondtoit.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段末句可知，根据Harry博士的研究，未来的电脑将能够探测无聊感，甚至做出实时反应。故选D。2．Howdoesanabsorbedlearnertendtobehave?A．Laughandshoutexcitedly.B．Uselessenergyinanassignment.C．Performfewerinvoluntaryactions.D．Shownoticeablemovementsconstantly.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，一个专注的学习者常常会减少无意识动作。故选C。3．Whatisthevalueofthistechnologyforeducators?A．Betteringtheirdigitallearningexperience.B．Introducingmorecomputersintoclass.C．Findingtheabsent-mindedstudentsinclass.D．Detectingwhatintereststhestudentsmost.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段首句可知，这项科技对于教育工作者的价值是能够发现学生们最感兴趣的东西。故选D。4．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tointroduceanupcomingtechnology.B．Toupdateeducators’teachingconcept.C．Toshowwhatlearningwillbelikeinthefuture.D．Toexplainhowlifewillbeshapedbytechnology.答案A解析写作意图题。通读全文内容可知，文章介绍了一种未来的计算机，这种计算机可以记录人们在电脑甚至电视前所表现出的持续的无意识动作，探测出人们何时感到厌烦，注意力减退，甚至还可以做出实时反应。因此推断作者的写作目的是介绍一种未来的科技。故选A。BANASA-fundedstudyusedsatellitetosearchforpenguinpoops(粪便)inAntarctica：funnyatfirstsightthough，itresultedinuniqueinsightsontheAdeliepenguin’sdietanditsfutureastheclimatechanges.Thefindingspublishedrecentlyunlockedthesecretsaboutthespeciesthatcanprovideanearly-warningofthreatstoAntarctica’sdelicateecosystem.ResearchersfromStonyBrookUniversityusedsatelliteimagestoseeiftheAdeliepenguin’sdiethasbeenchanginginresponsetoAntarctica’schangingclimate.Adeliepenguinpopulationhasdroppedgreatlyinsomeareasevenastheglobalpopulationincreases.Thesatelliteimagescannotshowthepenguinsindividually，buttheirpresencecanbedetectedbythestain(污渍)leftontheicebytheirwaste，calledguano.Maleandfemalepenguinstaketurnsincubating(孵化)inthenest.Theguanobuildsupinthesameareasoccupiedbythenests.HeatherLynch，associateprofessoratStonyBrook，alongwithhisteam，usedtheareaofthecolonyasdefinedbytheguanostaintoworkbacktothenumberofpairs.AglobalsurveyforAdeliepenguinsturnedup3.8millionbreedingpairs.Also，thesatellitedatacandetectthecolorofthepenguinguano，rangingfromwhitetopinktodarkred.Whiteguanoisfromeatingmostlyfish；pinkandredwouldbefromeatingmostlykrill(磷虾)．TheteamfoundthatwhiletheAdeliepenguin’sdietdidshowchangesfromyeartoyear，noconsistentpatternwasobvious.“Thiswasabigsurprise，sincetheabundanceanddistributionofAdeliepenguinshaschangeddramaticallyoverthelast40yearsandscientistshadassumedthatachangeindietmighthaveplayedarole，”saidCaseyYoungflesh，agraduatestudentfromtheuniversity.However，continuedchangesinthephysicalenvironmentandagrowingkrillfisheryintheregionarelikelytohaveaninfluenceonpenguinprey(猎物)andpenguinpopulationitself.“ToolslikethesewillbeimportantforthemanagementoftheAntarcticecosystem，whichisoftenconsideredamongthemostprimitiveareasintheworld，”saidYoungflesh.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家对南极企鹅物种生态的研究，展现了近年来其物种数量、饮食结构等各方面的变化。5．Whatconcernedscientistsmostaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Theclimatechange.B．TheAdeliepenguin’sdiet.C．TheAntarctica’secosystem.D．Thesecretofpenguinpoops.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thefindingspublishedrecentlyunlockedthesecretsaboutthespeciesthatcanprovideanearly-warningofthreatstoAntarctica’sdelicateecosystem.”可知，这些物种可以为南极洲脆弱的生态系统提供风险预警